Nonlinear random stability of viscoelastic cable with small curvature

The nonlinear planar mean square response and the random stability of a viscoelastic cable that has a small curvature and subjects to planar narrow band random excitation is studied. The Kelvin viscoelastic constitutive model is chosen to describe the viscoelastic property of the cable material. A mathematical model that describes the nonlinear planar response of a viscoelastic cable with small equilibrium curvature is presented first. And then a method of investigating the mean square response and the almost sure asymptotic stability of the response solution is presented and regions of instability are charted. Finally , the almost sure asymptotic stability condition of a viscoelastic cable with small curvature under narrow band excitation is obtained.     

The probability stability of viscoelastic plates

The almost sure stability of homogeneous viscoelastic plates subjected to a random wide-band stationary in-plane load is investigated. The viscoelastic behavior of the plate is described in terms of the Boltzmann superposition principle, the relaxation kemels of which are represented by the sums of exponents. On the assumption that the in-plane load is random wide-band stationary process, sufficient conditions for almost sure stability of viscoelastic plates are obtained by the applications of Lyapunov's direct method. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 59635140) and the National Postdoctoral Foundation.     

Instability of helical magnetohydrodynamic flows

The problem of the linear stability of a single particular class of helical steady-state flows of an ideal incompressible infinitely-conducting fluid in a magnetic field is studied. A necessary and sufficient condition of stability of this class of flows with respect to perturbations of the same symmetry type is obtained by the direct Lyapunov method [1, 2]. A priori two-sided exponential estimates of the perturbation growth are derived, the corresponding exponents being calculated using the steady flow parameters and the initial data for the perturbations. A class of the most rapidly growing perturbations is identified and an exact formula for determining their growth rate is obtained. An example of steady-state flows and initial perturbations whose linear stage of development with time can be described by means of the estimates obtained is constructed. Novosibirsk. Translated from Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk, Mekhanika Zhidkosti i Gaza, No. 1, pp. 150–156, January–February, 1999. The work was carried out with financial support from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project No. 96-01-01771).     

Almost sure stability condition of weakly coupled linear nonautonomous random systems

In this study, the sufficient condition of almost sure stability of twodimensional oscillating systems under parametric excitations is investigated. The systems considered are assumed to be composed of two weakly coupled subsystems. The driving actions are considered to be stationary stochastic processes satisfying ergodic properties. The properties of quadratic forms are used in conjunction with the bounds for the eigenvalues to obtain, in a closed form, the sufficient condition for the almost sure stability of the systems.     

Almost sure state estimation for nonlinear stochastic systems with Markovian switching

In this paper, the almost sure asymptotic stability is investigated for the state estimation problem of a general class of nonlinear stochastic systems with Markovian switching. A nonlinear state estimator with Markovian switching is first proposed, and then, a sufficient condition is given, which guarantees the almost sure asymptotic stability of the dynamics of the estimation error. Based on this condition, some simplified criteria are deduced by taking special forms of Lyapunov functions. Subsequently, an easy-to-verify procedure is put forward for the state estimation problem of the linear stochastic system with Markovian switching. Finally, two numerical examples are used to illustrate the effectiveness of the main results.     

Technical Stability Conditions for Systems of Variable Structure with Derivatives of the Control Function

We derive sufficient conditions for the technical stability of forced states of automatic control systems with a variable structure depending on the derivatives of the control function. For arbitrary admissible initial perturbations from a measurable set of initial states of a control system with filtering, the technical stability conditions do not depend on the sliding conditions in the given domain of the system parameters. We find how the properties of the eigenvalues of the quadratic forms of the Lyapunov functions are related to the technical stability conditions for automatic control systems of variable structure with filtering. The technical stability conditions are analyzed for automatic control systems with third-order filtering where the forming signal creates eight structures     

Technical Stability of Forced Automatic-Control Variable-Structure Systems

Sufficient conditions for technical stability of functional states of controlled systems with a variable structure are derived. Allowance is made for external perturbations acting on the given process for all possible initial distributions from the set of the process' initial states predetermined in a quadratic measure. The differential equations characterizing the system under consideration include coefficients that vary stepwise with stepwise change in the parameters of the discontinuous control function. It is shown that the conditions of technical stability obtained do not necessarily depend on the existence of sliding modes in variable-structure systems. The eigenvalues of the quadratic forms of the corresponding Lyapunov functions are found to relate to the criteria of technical stability of automatic-control variable-structure processes     

采用黏弹性人工边界时显式算法稳定性条件

黏弹性人工边界是处理无限域波动问题常用的数值模拟方法。采用显式时域逐步积分算法进行计算时,受黏弹性人工边界的阻尼、刚度等影响,人工边界区的稳定性比内部计算域的更严格,尚无明确、实用的稳定性判别准则,这限制了黏弹性人工边界在显式动力分析中的应用。针对二维黏弹性人工边界,利用基于局部子系统的稳定性分析方法和基于传递矩阵谱半径的稳定性判别准则,给出了可代表整体模型局部特征的不同边界子系统的稳定性条件解析解。通过对比分析不同计算区域的稳定性条件及其影响因素,证明了整体模型的稳定性由角点子系统控制。在此基础上,获得了含黏弹性人工边界的整体模型在显示动力计算中的统一稳定性判别准则和简化实用计算方法。在实际应用中,令积分时间步长满足稳定性条件,即可顺利完成整体模型的动力计算。以上研究可为将黏弹性人工边界应用于显式动力计算时积分时间步长的合理选取提供参考。     

On the elastic stability of static non-holonomic systems

This paper presents a new formulation for the elastic stability of static non-holonomic structural systems. The theory is developed within the tradition of discrete (or discretized) systems written in terms of a set of generalized coordinates and control parameters. The non-holonomic conditions are written as constraint functions. The formulation employs a Lagrangian functional in terms of the total potential energy, the constraint functions and multipliers. Critical states are identified and the solution is next expanded by regular perturbations. This allows to establish a classification of critical states and identify the initial postcritical behavior. This solution is valid provided that there is no change in the active constraints of the system. The paper presents a mathematical analysis of the critical condition, and concludes with simple examples of two degree-of-freedom systems previously investigated by other authors.     

Effect of high-frequency vibrations on the stability of advective flow

The stability of plane convective flow in a horizontal layer with a longitudinal temperature gradient under the action of longitudinal vibrations is considered. The behavior of small normal plane and spiral perturbations is investigated. It is shown that the vibrations enhance the stability with respect to almost all types of perturbations. The sole exception is plane thermal waves whose existence domain extends toward low Prandtl numbers. Perm’. Translated from Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk, Mekhanika Zhidkosti i Gaza, No. 1, pp. 16–22, January–February, 1998. The work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Fundamental Research (project No. 94-01-01730).     

Interfacial viscoelastic SH waves

Shear horizontal waves, in the form of transient perturbations, are considered at the interface between two different viscoelastic solids. The admissibility of these interfacial waves is studied via the asymptotic expansion of the Laplace transform of the viscoelastic kernel. The compatibility condition is reduced to a set of algebraic systems which can be solved iteratively to the desired order in the asymptotic expansion. Two classes of solutions are found which correspond to transient waves decaying away from the interface and attenuated along the propagation direction. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the results.     

An improved approach for random parametric response of dynamic systems with non-linear inertia

A non-Gaussian closure scheme is developed for determining the stationary response of dynamic systems including non-linear inertia and stochastic coefficients. Numerical solutions are obtained and examined for their validity based on the preservation of moments properties. The method predicts the jump phenomenon, for all response statistics at an excitation level very close to the threshold level of the condition of almost sure stability. In view of the increased degree of non-linearity, resulting from the non-Gaussian closure scheme, the mean square of the response displacement is found to be less than those values predicted by other methods such as the Gaussian closure or the first order stochastic averaging.     

Effect of modulation on onset of thermal convection of a second-grade fluid layer

This study examines the stability of a horizontally extended second-grade fluid layer heated from below, when a steady temperature difference between the walls is superimposed on sinusoidal temperature perturbations. A linear stability analysis proposed by Venezian (J. Fluid Mech. 35 (1969) 243) is employed to obtain the critical Rayleigh numbers for different types of temperature modulation. The free–free and isothermal boundary conditions are considered so as to allow analytic solutions. The stability characterized by the shift in critical Rayleigh number R_2c is calculated as a function of the modulation frequency ω, the Prandtl number Pr, and the viscoelastic parameter Q. It is found that the onset of convection can be delayed or advanced by these parameters.     

Forced axisymmetric motions of viscoelastic cylindrical shells

The isothermal response of a viscoelastic cylindrical shell, of finite length, to arbitary axisymmetric surface forces, initial conditions, and boundary conditions is considered within the linear theory of thin shells. The problem is formulated with the effects of shear deformation and rotatory inertia included; the viscoelastic properties are assumed to be isotropic and homogeneous. The response is first found formally in terms of a causal Green's function. It is then shown that when Poisson's ratio is constant, the causal Green's function can be expanded in a series of orthonormal spatial eigenfunctions of an associated elastic shell eigenvalue problem. The resulting solution for the general problem is an eigenfunction series with Laplace transformed time-dependent coefficients. The general solution is applied to predicting the motion of a uniform, simply-supported cylindrical shell, initially quiescent, which is subjected to a step pressure moving with constant velocity. For this example, the relaxation function of the shell material in uniaxial extension is taken to be that of a standard linear solid. The motions predicted by simpler shell models, namely, shells with bending only and without bending, are also considered for comparison. Here, the absolute values of the Fourier coefficients in the shell displacement series go to zero faster than the inverse of the first or second power of positive integers when bending is excluded or included, respectively. Numerical results are presented for a moderately long and relatively thick, nearly elastic, cylindrical shell.     

Instability in the higher modes of a nonlinear equation

The linear approximation is used to study the stability of two- and three-dimensional higher-order modes of a nonlinear wave equation against exponentially increasing perturbations. For all the nonlinear models considered the higher modes are unstable; the number of exponentially increasing perturbations and their growth rate are determined by the mode number and the form of the nonlinear relationship. Numerical tests are described in the parabolic approximation on the stability of the first axially symmetric mode against small amplitude perturbations and the conditions are determined under which higher-order modes can be observed.     

A new approach to almost-sure asymptotic stability of stochastic systems of higher dimension

The almost sure asymptotic stability of higher-dimensional linear stochastic systems and of a special class of nonlinear stochastic systems with homogeneous drift and diffusion coefficients of order one is studied. Based on the well-known Khasminskii's theorem, a new approach for obtaining the regions of almost sure asymptotic stability and instability without evaluating the stationary probability density of the diffusion process defined on unit hypersphere is proposed. Two examples of two and three degree-of-freedom linear stochastic systems are given to illustrate the application and effectiveness of the proposed approach combined with stochastic averaging.     

Almost sure stochastic stability of a viscoelastic double-beam system

This paper investigates the dynamic stability of a viscoelastic double-beam system under parametric excitations. It is assumed that the two beams, made from Voigt–Kelvin material, are simply supported and continuously joined by a Winkler elastic layer. Each pair of axial forces consists of a constant part and a time-dependent stochastic function. In the case of “non-white” excitations, by using the direct Liapunov method, bounds of the almost sure stability of the double-beam system as a function of retardation time, bending stiffness, stiffness modulus of the Winkler layer, variances of the stochastic forces and the intensity of the deterministic components of axial loading are obtained. Numerical calculations are performed for the Gaussian process with a zero mean, as well as a harmonic process with a random phase. When the excitations are wideband noises, almost sure stability is obtained within the concept of the Liapunov exponent. White noise and Ornstein–Uhlenbeck processes are considered as models of wideband noises.     

On a probabilistic stability theory for imperfection sensitive structures

The concept of almost sure sample stability and sample stability in probability are formulated for elastic systems. Using a Koiter type approach these concepts are used in the analysis of imperfection sensitive structures. The applied load and the initial geometric imperfections are introduced into the analysis as random quantities. A compressed beam of finite length on a nonlinear elastic foundation is used in an example calculation.     

Instability of the quiescent state of an ideal conducting medium in a magnetic field

The linear stability of the quiescent states of an ideal compressible medium with infinite conductivity in a magnetic field is studied. It is shown by Lyapunov’s direct method that these quiescent states are unstable relative to small spatial perturbations, which decrease the potential energy (the sum of the internal energy of the medium and the energy of the magnetic field in this case). Two-sided exponential estimates of perturbation growth are obtained; the exponents in these estimates are calculated using the parameters of the quiescent states and the initial data for perturbations. A class of the most rapidly growing perturbations is separated and an exact formula to determine the rate of their increase is derived. An example is constructed of the quiescent states and the initial perturbations whose linear stage of evolution in time occurs in correspondence with the estimates. From the mathematical viewpoint, our results are preliminary, because the existence theorems for the solutions of the problems considered are not proved. Deceased. Lavrent’ev Institute of Hydrodynamics, Siberian Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090. Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090. Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika i Tekhnicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 40, No. 2, pp. 148–155, March–April, 1999.     

Technical Stability of Nonstationary Automatic-Control Systems with Variable Structure

Sufficient conditions of technical stability in measure are established for nonstationary automatic-control systems with variable structure and logic control laws dependent on the mismatch error and its derivatives of finite order for all admissible initial perturbations from a predefined measurable set of initial perturbations. The associated systems of differential equations contain time-dependent coefficients. The logic control laws are described by a variable jump control function of the mismatch coordinate and its derivatives of finite order that is no higher than that of the initial system of equations. Using a signal and its derivatives for control increases the quality of discontinuous control. The relationship between the eigenvalues of the quadratic forms of the corresponding Liapunov functions and the criteria of technical stability is revealed. The general results are applied to a variable-structure system of the third order