Generation and collision-induced dissociation of ammonium tetrafluoroborate cluster ions

Singly and doubly charged cluster ions of ammonium tetrafluoroborate (NH4BF4) with general formula [(NH4BF4)nNH4]+ and [(NH4BF4)m(NH4)2]2+, respectively, were generated by electrospray ionization (ESI) and their fragmentation examined using collision-induced dissociation (CID) and ion-trap tandem mass spectrometry. CID of [(NH4BF4)nNH4]+ caused the loss of one or more neutral NH4BF4 units. The n = 2 cluster, [(NH4BF4)2NH4]+, was unique in that it also exhibited a dissociation pathway in which HBF4 was eliminated to create [(NH4BF4)(NH3)NH4]+. Dissociation of [(NH4BF4)m(NH4)2]2+ occurred through two general pathways: (a) 'fission' to produce singly charged cluster ions and (b) elimination of one or more neutral NH4BF4 units to leave doubly charged product ions. CID profiles, and measurements of changing precursor and product ion signal intensity as a function of applied collision voltage, were collected for [(NH4BF4)nNH4]+ and compared with those for analogous [(NaBF4)nNa]+ and [(KBF4)nK]+ ions to determine the influence of the cation on the relative stability of cluster ions. In general, the [(NH4BF4)nNH4]+ clusters were found to be easier to dissociate than both the sodium and potassium clusters of comparable size, with [(KBF4)nK]+ ions the most difficult to dissociate.     

Theoretical study on tetranuclear boron clusters: B4X4 (X = H, F, Cl, Br, I)

The molecular orbitals for B4H4, B4F4, B4Cl4, B4Br4 and B4I4 have been calculated by using all-electron or effective core potential ab initio method at the self-consistent field level using basis sets with diffuse and polarization functions. The boron-boron and boron-halide (-hydrogen) distances of these cage compounds are optimized with three kinds of basis sets constrained to a tetrahedral symmetry. According to the localization scheme of Boys, four three-centered two-electron (3c2e) B-B-B bonds localized on each of the faces of the B4 tetrahedron are derived for B4X4 clusters. The HOMO-LUMO energy gaps, atomization energies and Mulliken overlap populations of these compounds indicate that the stabilities of the clusters decrease in the sequence of B4F4 > B4Cl4, B4H4 > B4Br4 > B4I4.     

单个离子标准迁移自由能的测定

本文采用活化分析法测定参考解质Ph4AsPh4B晶体在水和有机溶剂中的溶解度和计算了它从水迁移到有机溶剂中的标准迁移Gibbs自由能△^s^wG^0t.根据Ph4AsPh4B假定,求得参考正负离子Ph4As^+和Ph4B^-的标准迁移Gibbs自由能.又通过测定Ph4AsTcO4,CsPh4B,KPh4B和CsTCO4等晶体在水和有机溶剂站的溶解度,求得TcO4^-,K^+,Cs^+等离子的标准迁移自由能,并对结果进行了讨论.     

Li2SO4-K2SO4-MgSO4-H2O体系及次级体系298.15K时的热化学研究

用连续滴定量热法研究Li2SO4-K2SO4-MgSO4-H2O体系及次级体系Li2SO4-K2SO40H2O、Li2SO4-MgSO4-H2O和K2SO4-MgSO4-H2O 298.15K时在离子强度为15-0.1范围内的比热容和稀释热, 并结合Debye-Huckel焓极限公式研究离子强度在15-0.0001范围内的表观摩尔焓。     

Unusual amino acids. 5. Synthesis of 3,5-dioxopyrazolidine derivatives

Monohydrazides of 2-R-4-methyl-4-cyclohexene-1,1-dicarboxylic acids react with trifluoroacetic acid anhydride to give 4-substituted 3,5-dioxopyrazolidines, with phosphorus trichloride to give 4-(2-R-5-chloro-4-methylcyclohexane)-3,5-dioxopyrazolidines, and with acetic anhydride to give 4-(2-R-4-methyl-4-cyclohexene)-3,5-diacetoxypryazoles.For Communication 4, see [1].Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 7, pp. 903–907, July, 2000.     

光引发剂(4-甲苯基)(4-异丁基苯基)碘鎓六氟磷酸盐的合成研究

以对甲苯胺为原料,经重氮化、KI分解得到对-碘甲苯.在NH4Cl存在下,对-碘甲苯在过硫酸铵的氧化下与异丁苯反应,得到(4-甲苯基)(4-异丁基苯基)碘鎓氯.在丙酮溶剂中,(4-甲苯基)(4-异丁基苯基)碘鎓氯与六氟磷酸钾进行离子交换,得到目的产物(4-甲苯基)(4-异丁基苯基)碘鎓六氟磷酸盐.总收率为46.7%.通过紫外光谱、红外光谱和核磁共振测定,对产物进行了结构确证.     

C_4O_4~(m-)(m=0,1,2,3,4)的从头算研究——1.平衡几何和相对稳定性

在RHF(基离子在UHF和ROHF)/6-31G,6-31G~*和6-31 G水平优化得到C_4O_4~(m-)(m=0,1,2,3,4)的平衡几何构型,发现从中性分子(C_4O_4)到负4价离子(C_4O_4~(4-))经历了一个由非芳香性到芳香性再到反芳香性的结构变化过程,它们的相对稳定性为C_4O_4~->C_4O_4~(2-)>C_4O_4>C_4O_4~(3-)>C_4O_4~(4-).     

Current Advances towards 4-Hydroxybutyrate Containing Polyhydroxyalkanoates Production for Biomedical Applications

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are polyesters having high promise in biomedical applications. Among different types of PHA, poly-4-hydroxybutyrate (P4HB) is the only polymer that has received FDA approval for medical applications. However, most PHA producing microorganisms lack the ability to synthesize P4HB or PHA comprising 4-hydroxybutyrate (4HB) monomer due to their absence of a 4HB monomer supplying pathway. Thus, most microorganisms require supplementation of 4HB precursors to synthesize 4HB polymers. However, usage of 4HB precursors incurs additional production cost. Therefore, researchers have adopted strategies to reduce the cost, such as utilizing low-cost substrate as well as constructing 4HB monomer supplying pathways in microorganisms. We herein summarize the biomedical applications of P4HB, the natural producers of 4HB polymer, and the various strategies that have been applied in producing 4HB polymers in non-4HB producing microorganisms. It is expected that the readers would gain a vivid idea on the different strategic developments in the field of 4HB polymer production.     

Hexasubstituted donor-acceptor benzenes as nonlinear optically active molecules with multiple charge-transfer transitions

The synthesis of three novel nonlinear optical (NLO) chromophores with threefold symmetry, namely 1,3,5-tris(4-N,N-diethylaminophenyl)-2,4,6-tris(4-nitrophenyl)benzene (3), 1,3,5-tris(4-N,N-dihexylaminophenylbutadiynyl)-2,4,6-tris(4-nitrophenyl)benzene (13) and 1,3,5-tris(4-N,N-dihexylaminophenylethynyl)-2,4,6-tris(4-nitrophenylethynyl)benzene (4 b), is reported. We used the [Co(2)(CO)(8)]-catalysed trimerisation of 4-N,N-diethylamino-4'-nitrotolane (5) to prepare 3. The trimerisation experiment carried out with 1-(4-N,N-diethylaminophenyl)-6-(4-N,N-nitrophenyl)hexatriyne (6) and [Rh(PPh(3))(3)Cl] afforded 13. A stepwise approach was used to prepare 4 b. 1,3,5-Trichloro-2,4,6-triiodobenzene (8 b) was coupled with 4-nitrophenyl-acetylene (14) under Pd(0) catalysis to yield 1,3,5-trichloro-2,4,6-tris(4-nitrophenylethynyl)benzene (15). The coupling reaction of 15 with 4-N,N-dihexylaminophenylethynyltributylstannane (21) led to 4 b. X-ray investigations on 3, 4 b and 13 confirmed the structural assignments and revealed that the peripheral aryl rings in 4 b are less twisted around the connecting bonds than in 3 and 13. A large second-order polarisability (beta) of 4 b relative to 3 and 13 was determined by hyper-Rayleigh scattering (HRS). Compound 4 b represents an NLO chromophore with second-order polarisabily among the highest obtained so far for two-dimensional nondipolar NLO chromophores.     

链状钼硫, 钨硫原子簇合物的合成和成簇规律的研究

本文报道了不同酸性条件下合成的一系列链状钼硫、钨硫簇化合物, 发现硫代钼(钨)酸铵的成簇与酸的强度、浓度、H^+/M(M=Mo、W)比、溶剂、反应气氛密切相关。测定了四个新簇合物的晶体结构, 其中[MoW2S10]^2^-晶体是第一次报道的Mo-W-S混合簇化合物。     

低成本LaPO4-LnPO4核壳结构荧光颗粒的合成与表征

LnPO4( LnPO4=LaPO4:Ce,Tb)是被广泛应用的绿色荧光材料,由于所用的主要原材料之一Tb4O7的价格较为昂贵,导致其生产成本居高不下.如能有效合理地降低稀土磷酸盐绿色荧光粉的生产成本,则可望为照明工业带来显著的效益.报道了一种新型的核壳结构材料LaPO4-LnPO4,该材料以较为廉价的LaPO4作为内部核层,三聚磷酸盐水解缓慢释放的磷酸根与稀土离子通过均相沉淀异相成核的方法在LaPO4表面结合形成LnPO4壳层.所得核壳结构颗粒的荧光发射光谱与纯LnPO4完全一致.在还原性气氛中灼烧后,其发光强度可与市售LnPO4商业产品相当.本方法可将稀土磷酸盐绿色荧光粉的合成成本降低45％左右,而且操作简单,易于进行大规模工业化生产推广,对发光照明行业具有潜在的重要应用价值.     

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SIDE CHAIN LIQUID CRYSTATALLINE POLYSILOXANES CONTAINING BENZYL ETHER LINKING UNITS

Side chain liquid crystalline polysiloxanes containing benzyl ether linkingunits were synthesized by the hydrosilylation of poly (methylhydrosiloxane) with a series of4-(4-alkoxybenzyloxy)-4'-allyloxybiphenyl monomers [4-(4-methoxybenzyloxy )-4'-allyloxy-biphenyl(M_1), 4-(4-ethoxybenzyloxy)-4'-allyloxybiphenyl (M_2), 4-(4-propoxybenzyloxy)-4'-allyloxybiphenyl (M_3), 4-(4-butoxybenzyloxy)-4'-allylox(M_4), 4-(4-pentoxy-benzyloxy)-4'-allyloxybiphenyl (M_5), 4-benzyloxy-4'-allyloxybiphenyl (M_6)]. The phasebehavior of monomeric and polymeric liquid crystals was characterized by differential scan-ning calorimetry and optical polarization microscopy where the groups are ranged frommethoxy to pentoxy Both the monomeric and polymeric liquid crystals exhibit 1iquidcrystal behaviors.     

一些无机盐对甲烷的液相选择催化氧化

考察了无机盐Ｃｒ２（ＳＯ４）３，ＣｄＳＯ４，ＦｅＳＯ４，ＶＯＳＯ４，Ｃｅ（ＳＯ４）２，ＭｎＳＯ４，ＳｎＣｌ４和ＨｇＳＯ４在浓硫酸介质中对甲烷的催化活性，发现ＭｎＳＯ４，ＳｎＣｌ４和ＨｇＳＯ４对甲烷氧化有活性，在此基础上考察了ＨｇＳＯ４体系中气液体积比，温度，浓度，反应时间以及硫酸浓度地反应活性的影响，认为反应按亲电取代反应机理进行。     

磁性聚苯胺纳米微球的合成与表征

报道了具有核壳结构的Fe3O4-聚苯胺磁性纳米微球的合成方法和表征结果.微球同时具有导电性和磁性能.在优化的实验条件下,可得到饱和磁化强度Ms为55.4 emu/g,矫顽力Hc为62 Oe的磁性微球.微球的导电性随着微球中Fe含量的增加而下降.微球的磁性能则随着Fe含量的增加而增大.Fe3O4磁流体的粒径和磁性聚苯胺微球的粒径均在纳米量级.纳米Fe3O4粒子能够提高复合物的热性能.实验表明,磁流体和聚苯胺之间可能存在着一定的相互作用,但这种相互作用较为复杂,难于研究     

C4Sm-4相对稳定性的从头算研究

从五十年代至今，对用通式C；；0：－…＝3，45，6n表征的氧碳化合物（OXOCCbollS）已进行了大显的理论和实验研究，认为它们是一类新的芳香化合物山．用硫、硒等取代氧的类似化合物（一般称为类氧碳化合物或假氧碳化合物，ps。11。10－OX。。CCI．b0118）的研究也有许多报导［     

Supramolecular Phthalocyanine Assemblies for Improved Photoacoustic Imaging and Photothermal Therapy

Phototheranostic nanoplatforms are of particular interest for cancer diagnosis and imaging‐guided therapy. Herein, we develop a supramolecular approach to fabricate a nanostructured phototheranostic agent through the direct self‐assembly of two water‐soluble phthalocyanine derivatives, PcS4 and PcN4. The nature of the molecular recognition between PcS4 and PcN4 facilitates the formation of nanostructure (PcS4‐PcN4) and consequently enables the fabrication of PcS4‐PcN4 with completely quenched fluorescence and reduced singlet oxygen generation, leading to the high photoacoustic and photothermal activity of PcS4‐PcN4. In vivo evaluations suggest that PcS4‐PcN4 could not only efficiently visualize a tumor with high contrast through whole‐body photoacoustic imaging but also enable excellent photothermal therapy for cancer.     

Stepwise bromination of two acetylene molecules on a butterfly-type tetrairon core and reactivity of the resulting bromoacetylene fragment toward nucleophiles

Treatment of the acetylene-coordinated tetrairon cluster, [(eta5-C5H4Me)4Fe4(HCCH)2]+, with N-bromosuccinimide led to stepwise bromination of two acetylene ligands to form [(eta5-C5H4Me)4Fe4(HCCBr)(HCCH)]+, [(eta5-C5H4Me)4Fe4(HCCBr)2]+, [(eta5-C5H4Me)4Fe4(BrCCBr)(HCCBr)]+, and [(eta5-C5H4Me)4Fe4(BrCCBr)2]+. The reactivity of the bromoacetylene fragment in [(eta5-C5H4Me)4Fe4(HCCBr)(HCCH)]+ toward water, pyridine, and ZnMe2 was also investigated.     

Syntheses of 2,4′-and 3,4′-Bipyridines Via Lithium Halogen Exchange of Bromopyridines and Addition to N-Ethoxycarbonylpyridinium Chloride in the Presence of Cul

2,4′-Bipyridines 4a, 4c, 4d and 3,4′-bipyridines 4b, 4e, 4f, 4g, 4h are obtained in modest yield by the addition of organocuprate reagents derived from bromopyridines 2a-h to N-ethoxycarbonylpyridinium chloride 1 followed by air oxidation.     

Eight-vertex tetrametallic structures derived from cubanes: a close relationship between bisdisphenoidal metallaborane and organometallic clusters

The metallaborane Cp4Co4B4H4 and the organometallic cluster Cp4Fe4C4H4 (Cp = eta5-cyclopentadienyl) not only are isoelectronic but also exhibit completely analogous eight-vertex bisdisphenoidal structures. Such structures, as well as the tetracapped tetrahedral structure of the Cp4Fe4(mu3-CO)4 precursor to Cp4Fe4C4H4, can be derived from a cube by insertion of diagonals in each of the six faces. Furthermore, the formation of Cp4Fe4C4H4 from Cp4Fe4(mu3-CO)4 can be described as a double diamond-square-diamond process preserving D2d symmetry throughout the process.     

Synthesis and α‐glucosidase inhibitory,DPPH scavenging activity of substituted 2‐oxo‐2H‐chromen‐7‐yl‐dihydrogen phosphate derivatives

Series of phosphorylated coumarin derivatives ( 4a , 4b , 4c , 4d , 4e , 4f , 4g , 4h , 4i , 4j ) were synthesized by Pechmann condensation, phosphorylation, and debenzylation reactions in very good yields. Thus, synthesized compounds ( 4a , 4b , 4c , 4d , 4e , 4f , 4g , 4h , 4i , 4j ) were evaluated for their α‐glucosidase and 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl scavenging activities; few compounds showed moderate to good activity. J. Heterocyclic Chem., 00 , 00 (2011).