共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
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蚕丝中蛋白构象含量与其力学性质间的关系 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
丝蛋白 (Fibroin)是一种具有优异力学性能的天然有机高分子材料 ,蚕丝是最具代表性的一种 .它既有较高的强度 ,又有较强的韧性 ,其强度甚至超过钢丝 .但蚕丝具有如此优异力学性能的机理还不很清楚[1~ 3 ] .通常认为在丝蛋白中有 3种二级结构 (构象 ) ,即α 螺旋 (α helix) ,β 片层 ( β sheet)和无规线团 (Randomcoil) [4,5] .α 螺旋是由链内氢键引起的蛋白结构 ,而 β 片层是由链间氢键引起的蛋白结构 .但有研究表明[3 ,6] ,丝蛋白中还存在另一种由 4个氨基酸残基组成的发夹式结构 :β 转角 ( β turn)… 相似文献
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金属离子导致的丝素蛋白的构象转变 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
蚕丝和蜘蛛丝的优异力学性能一直是科学家们关注的课题^[1-3]。近年来,在蚕丝蛋白结构及其构象方面的研究取得了许多进展^[3-5]。在蚕的腺体中丝素蛋白的构象为silk I(主要是无规线团为主,还有少量的β-转角,α螺旋等),而在纤维状的丝中为silk Ⅱ(主要是β折叠)。金属离子在蚕叶丝过程中的作用也一直是一个人们关心的问题。Chen等^[6]在研究丝胶(包附在丝素蛋白表层的另外一种蛋白)时发现,在一定pH条件下,Ni^2 离子通过四配位的螯合作用诱导丝素蛋白β折叠的形成。并且,Viney等^[7]根据电感耦合等离子体(ICP-MS)技术推测Ca^2 的增加能使β折叠的形成加速。 相似文献
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时间分辨红外光谱对丝蛋白膜构象转变动力学的研究——再生蚕丝蛋白膜在高浓度醇溶液中的构象转变 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7
运用时间分辨红外光谱研究再生蚕丝蛋白膜在高浓度醇溶液中(醇含量≥90%) 的构象转变过程.研究结果表明,丝蛋白膜在纯甲醇中可以发生构象转变,但是在 纯乙醇和纯异丙醇中却几乎不能发生构象转变.进一步研究发现,当乙醇和异丙醇 溶液中的水含量达到7%—8%时,丝蛋白开始发生构象转变.在研究的醇溶液浓度 范围中,丝蛋白发生构象转变的速率随醇溶液中水含量的增加而增大.根据实验结 果,认为丝蛋白膜在溶液体系中(无论是有机溶剂溶液还是离子溶液)发生构象转变 ,膜的溶胀是一个前提因素,其原因在于溶胀可使分子链获得运动的空间,从而通 过氢键重组而发生构象转变. 相似文献
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再生蚕丝的制备及其结构和性能初探 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
在制备高浓度高分子量蚕丝素蛋白水溶液的基础上, 采用湿法纺丝技术, 在一定条件下纺制出力学性能优于天然蚕(茧)丝的再生蚕丝纤维, 其断裂强度及断裂伸长率分别达到0.5 GPa和20%. 扫描电镜观察结果显示: 初生纤维具有典型的“皮芯”结构, 而纤维内部则为疏松多孔的网状或蜂窝状结构; 经过一定的后拉伸处理后, 纤维的表面变得光滑, 且内部结构也趋于致密. 固体 13C核磁共振及拉曼光谱分析结果表明, 后拉伸及热湿处理均有利于提高纤维内部β-折叠结构的含量, 分子链的规整度和取向性也随之改善, 从而使再生蚕丝纤维的力学性能得到进一步提高. 相似文献
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作为具有优异综合力学性能的天然蛋白质纤维,丰产的动物丝特别是蚕丝长期伴随着人们的日常生活,近十余年来,各种具有特色的功能性丝蛋白基材料更是层出不穷.但在探索动物丝和丝蛋白基材料的过程中,动物丝纤维是经由蚕或蜘蛛等动物的纺器而纺制得到的简单事实往往被忽视;换言之,动物丝实际上是动物对丝蛋白进行体内“加工”后的产物,也是丝蛋白基材料中的一种.因此,天然动物丝中独特的各等级间构效关系与丝蛋白基材料的构效关系之间并不存在着必然的传承效应.本文着重介绍了我们在对动物丝和丝蛋白基材料探索中的经验和体会,即在强调以丝蛋白分子链结构与性能及其之间的关系为研究重点的基础上,从比较和发掘各种天然动物丝的特性入手,进而了解丝蛋白分子链在本体和溶液中的行为,并通过对动物丝蛋白分子链聚集态结构的调控,以达到设计制备一系列多形貌和多功能的动物丝蛋白基材料的目的. 相似文献
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羟丙基甲基纤维素诱导丝素蛋白的构象转变 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
制备了羟丙基甲基纤维素 (HPMC)和丝素蛋白 (SF)的共混膜 ,用FTIR ,XRD和DSC方法对共混膜的结构进行了表征 ,讨论了HPMC对SF的构象转变作用 ,结果表明 ,HPMC能够有效的诱导SF的构象转变 ,HPMC的比例是影响SF的构象转变程度的重要因素 .当混入 3%~ 10 %HPMC时 ,SF的构象存在由无规线团或SilkI向SilkII(β 折叠 )的转变 ,当加入 7%HPMC时 ,β 折叠构象的比例最大 .从红外分析可知 ,构象转变是由于适量的HPMC与SF混合形成了二者之间的分子间氢键所致 .对不同比例的共混膜测定其在水中的溶出率 ,结果显示当HPMC的比例为 7%时SF几乎不溶于水 相似文献
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采用时间分辨全反射红外光谱为主要分析手段, 对醋酸在丝蛋白膜中的扩散过程及其对丝蛋白构象转变机理进行了研究. 结果表明, 醋酸能够诱导丝蛋白构象转变为β-折叠. 醋酸的扩散速率和β-折叠构象的生成速率较为相似, 表明醋酸分子渗透到丝蛋白聚集体中是破坏丝蛋白原有氢键并诱导肽链重排, 进而实现构象转变的一个先决条件. 同时, 通过比较真空干燥处理前后丝蛋白膜的实验结果, 证实了丝蛋白中的水含量是影响醋酸的扩散速度以及丝蛋白多肽链重排速度的一个重要因素. 相似文献
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The conformation of silk fibroin in silk fibroin/chitosan (SF/CS) blend membrane was analyzed by infrared spectrum, X-ray diffractometry, and Raman spectrum. The results demonstrated that the SF could show β-sheet conformation when the SF content in blend membranes was 10% (w/w) and 60–80% (w/w), while the pure SF membrane showed random coil conformation. A mechanism of the conformation transition was suggested in that the SF chain could use the rigid CS chain as a mold plate to stretch itself to form a β-sheet structure according to the strong hydrogen bond between CS and SF. Therefore, a new concept, named “Polymer-Induced Conformation Transition,” was proposed. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 35 : 2293–2296, 1997 相似文献
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pH值对丝素蛋白构象转变的影响 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
模仿家蚕吐丝过程中伴随丝素蛋白自然脱水的纤维化过程,研究了再生丝素蛋白在各种pH值的磷酸盐缓冲溶液体系中自然干燥脱水成膜后的构象转变.利用激光拉曼散射光谱及其二维相关光谱,定性分析了丝素蛋白酰胺区(1600~1700cm-1)散射峰的相关组成及结构.在此基础上,利用13CCP-MAS固体核磁共振谱对丝素蛋白丙氨酸Cβ峰(δ14.5~22)进行了解析拟合.从而确定了体系中与Silk及Silk构象相关的组成含量与pH值的关系.结果表明,pH=5.2的酸性溶液有利于蚕丝丝素蛋白从Silk向Silk构象转变,而中性与碱性溶液(pH=6.9和8.0)则对丝素蛋白的构象转变影响甚小. 相似文献
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The blend film of silk fibroin (SF) and poly(ethylene glycol)400 (PEG400) with a blend ratio of 2/1 (wt/wt) wasprepared simply by dropping a little PEG400 into the SF solution and then casting the mixed aqueous solution at 50℃. Theresulting film exhibited much better mechanical properties in the dry and wet state than SF itself, owing to theconformational change of SF in the blends from the random coil to the β-sheet structure and intermolecular hydrogen bondformation between SF and PEG400. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the initial thermal decomposition temperatureof the blend film was 170℃, which was 80℃ lower than that of SF (250℃) and 20℃ higher than that of PEG400 (150℃),and indicated a Strong interaction between two components of the blend. No crystalline peaks were observed in the X-raydiffraction curve of the blend film. Cell culture test showed that SF/PEG400 was a suitable substrate for the growth of humanumbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). 相似文献
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The silk fibroin (SF) nanofiber mats with good water resistance and mechanical property were directly prepared by adding crosslinker
1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide (EDC) into the electrospin solution. The effect of EDC on the morphology, structure
and physical properties of SF nanofiber mats was analyzed. With the addition of EDC, the average fiber diameter increased
from 262 to 635 nm. The results from FTIR, TG-DTA and X-ray diffraction showed that EDC induced the structural transition
from random coil to β-sheet conformation. Furthermore, the solubility and mechanical properties of SF nanofiber mats were
obviously improved when the crosslinker EDC was used. 相似文献
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采用偏光显微镜研究了蚕体内不同丝腺部位(包括前部、中部和后部)中丝蛋白溶液的性质变化,并采用了拉曼光谱和旋转流变仪对中部丝腺(包括前区、中区及后区)的丝蛋白分子结构和流变性能进行了分析。结果发现:蚕体内只有前部丝腺及中部丝腺前区的丝蛋白溶液具有偏光现象;丝蛋白溶液在由中部丝腺后区向前区流动的过程中,粘度及弹性均逐渐变小,其构象则由无规卷曲逐渐向α-螺旋转变,并进一步形成β-折叠构象。由此表明,在蚕体内中部丝腺前区的丝蛋白溶液很可能已经形成了液晶态结构。 相似文献
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Giuliano Freddi Patrizia Monti Masanobu Nagura Yohko Gotoh Masuhiro Tsukada 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》1997,35(5):841-847
Structural changes of tussah (Antheraea pernyi) silk fibroin films induced by heat treatment were studied as a function of the treatment temperature in the range 200–250°C. The DSC curve of tussah films with α-helix molecular conformation displayed characteristic endo and exo peaks at 216 and 226°C, respectively. These peaks first weakened and then completely disappeared after heating at 230°C. Accordingly, the TMA thermal shrinkage at 206°C disappeared when the films were heated at 230°C. The onset of weight loss was monitored at 210°C by means of TG measurements. X-ray diffraction profiles gradually changed from α-helix to β-sheet crystalline structure as the treatment temperature increased from 200 to 250°C. On raising the heating temperature above 200°C, the intensity of IR and Raman bands characteristic of β-sheet conformation increased in the whole ranges of amide and skeletal modes. The sample treated at 200°C showed a spectral pattern intermediate between α-helix and β-sheet molecular conformation. The IR marker band for random coil structure, still detectable at 200°C, disappeared at higher treatment temperatures. Spectral changes attributable to the onset of thermal degradation appeared at 230°C. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 35: 841–847, 1997 相似文献
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Masuhiro Tsukada Masanobu Nagura Hiroshi Ishikawa 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》1987,25(6):1325-1329
Structural changes in poly(L -alanine)(PLA), a model compound related to tussah silk fibroin, induced by heat treatment have been studied by differential thermal analysis, x-ray diffraction, and infrared spectroscopy. PLA heated below 300°C shows x-ray patterns very similar to those of the α-helix crystalline phase, in addition to the diffraction patterns due to the β structure. Samples heated at 368°C exhibit predominantly the diffraction patterns due to the β crystalline phase. From infrared spectra, PLA samples heated below 280°C are found to be composed of all three molecular conformations: β sheet, random coil, and α helix. The intensity of the infrared absorption at 650 cm?1 (amide V) assigned to the random coil conformation is decreased by heat treatment above 325°C. The content of the β-sheet structure remains almost constant when the specimen is heated below 325°C, and increases abruptly on heating to around 335°C, while the random coil content is decreased abruptly by heat treatment above 335°C. The α-helix content does not change, regardless of heat treatment. It is suggested therefore that the random coil conformation of PLA transforms directly into the β sheet on heat treatment above 335°C. 相似文献