壳聚糖-碳纳米管修饰电极的电催化作用研究

报道了一种新型的壳聚糖-碳纳米管修饰电极(MC/GCE)的电化学特性.此修饰电极对神经递质去甲肾上腺素(NE)表现出很强的电催化效应,在pH 5.5的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,NE的峰电流与浓度在5.0×10-6～1.0×10-4 mol/L范围内呈线性关系.此外,其它生物分子如多巴胺(DA)、尿酸(UA)在MC/GCE上也有很好的电化学响应.修饰电极表现出很好的稳定性和选择性.     

肾上腺素在咖啡酸修饰电极上的电化学研究

研究了咖啡酸(CFA)修饰电极的性质,测定了电极反应的动力学常数.结果表明在pH 7.0的的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,肾上腺素(Ep)在该修饰电极上产生一灵敏的氧化峰,峰电流与Ep浓度在5.0×10-6～1.0×10-4 mol/L范围内线性关系良好,检出限为7.0×10-7 mol/L.修饰电极制备简单,稳定性好.     

黄嘌呤在离子液体-纳米金-碳纳米管复合物修饰电极上的电化学行为

研究了黄嘌呤在离子液体-纳米金-碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极上的电化学行为。结果表明,在0.1mol/L磷酸盐(pH=4.4)介质中,修饰电极对黄嘌呤氧化具有强的电催化作用,黄嘌呤在0.9V(vs.SCE)左右产生一灵敏的氧化峰。在优化的实验条件下,用此峰测定黄嘌呤的线性范围为1.5×10-7～1.0×10-5mol/L,检出限为3.5×10-8mol/L。该修饰电极具有良好的重现性和稳定性。     

β-环糊精/碳纳米管修饰电极上盐酸异丙嗪的电化学行为研究

研究盐酸异丙嗪在β-环糊精修饰多壁碳纳米管玻碳电极上的电化学行为,建立了一种新的测定盐酸异丙嗪的电化学分析方法.在碳纳米管和β-环糊精的协同作用下,用循环伏安法研究了盐酸异丙嗪在修饰电极上的氧化还原特性,结果表明该修饰电极对盐酸异丙嗪具有显著的催化氧化作用.在pH=5.4的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,氧化峰电流与盐酸异丙嗪浓度在...     

血红蛋白在溶胶-凝胶纳米银修饰电极上的直接电化学

运用溶胶-凝胶技术将血红蛋白(Hb)固定于纳米银(AgNPs)修饰的玻碳电极(GCE)表面,制得溶胶-凝胶血红蛋白纳米银修饰电极(Sol-Gel/Hb/AgNPs/GCE)。优化了修饰电极的制备条件,研究了该修饰电极在B-R缓冲溶液(pH=4.10)中的电化学行为,探讨了Hb在AgNPs修饰电极表面的直接电子转移机理。结果表明:AgNPs不仅保持了Hb的生物活性,而且通过它的催化效应,实现了Hb与电极之间的直接电子转移。进一步的实验结果显示,固定在纳米银修饰电极表面的Hb能保持其对H2O2的生物电催化活性。     

DL-赖氨酸-β-环糊精/碳纳米管修饰电极的制备与应用研究

对DL-赖氨酸-β-环糊精/碳纳米管修饰金电极的制备与应用进行了研究,建立了一种新的测定DL-赖氨酸的电化学分析方法。用循环伏安法研究了该修饰电极的选择性和灵敏度以及DL-赖氨酸在修饰电极上的氧化还原特性,结果表明该修饰电极对DL-赖氨酸具有显著的催化还原和选择作用。在pH=5.6的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,还原峰电流与DL-赖氨酸浓度在5~100mg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,最低检出限为0.1mg/L。方法操作简便,可用于药剂中DL-赖氨酸含量的测定。     

NO-2的芯片毛细管电泳-修饰碳糊电极电化学检测

制备了3-巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷-铜(MPTMS-Cu)/MCM-41分子筛修饰碳糊电极,研究了该修饰电极对NO-2电化学还原的 电催化作用,分析了修饰物含量、溶液pH对电化学反应的影响。以该电极为检测电极,设计制作了芯片毛细管电泳-电化学 检测系统,探讨了NO-2的芯片毛细管电泳检测方法。以50 mmol/L醋酸钠(pH 5.8)为电泳缓冲液、分离电压为-1.6　kV时 ,检测可在40 s内完成。纯水中NO-2检测的线性浓度范围为10.0～5000.0 μmol/L,检出限为4.0 μmol/L。     

壳聚糖-铜复合物修饰电极对过氧化氢电催化性能的研究

将壳聚糖与铜盐通过配位结合制得壳聚糖-铜复合物(CTS-Cu),并用其修饰玻碳电极,使用循环伏安法和计时安培法研究了该修饰电极对H2O2的电催化性能,对其催化机理进行了探讨.优化的实验条件为:以0.1 mol/L.磷酸缓冲溶液(PBS,pH 7.0)为反应介质,CTS-Cu修饰液中的铜离子浓度为6 mmol/L,工作电...     

多巴胺在3-巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷-铜/多孔晶形分子筛修饰碳糊电极上的电化学氧化

制备了3-巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷-铜／多孔晶形分子筛修饰碳糊电极,研究了多巴胺在该电极上的电化学氧化及溶液pH对电化学反应的影响。结果表明：修饰电极对多巴胺的电化学氧化具有催化作用。以修饰碳糊电极为柱端检测电极,研制了芯片毛细管电泳-电化学检测系统,采用该系统测定多巴胺的线性浓度范围为2．0-400．0μmol／L;检出限为0．2μmol／L。     

Ag/IrO_x-pH电极的制备、性能及应用研究

报道了一种基于Ag丝电化学修饰IrOx制备Ag/IrOx-pH电极的方法. 电极线性范围2～12pH, 响应斜率-73 mV/pH, 响应时间＜35 s. 用于实际样品与pH玻璃电极对照, ΔpH≤0.05, 拓展了可直接测定糊状物、半固体、土壤等pH的领域.     

聚苯胺修饰碳纤维针型复合微pH传感器

由电聚合法用聚苯胺修饰碳纤维电极作为ＰＨ敏感电极。把Ｋ３Ｆｅ（ＣＮ）６／Ｋ４Ｆｅ（ＣＮ）６体系填入医用注射针头内成为参比电极。把经聚苯胺修饰的碳纤维电极安置入该针型参比电极内构成复合针型微ｐＨ传感器。在ＰＨ ２～１２范围内，该传感器呈现超Ｎｅｒｎｓｔ响应，斜率为－７８ ｍＶ／ｐＨ；响应时间<１ｍｉｎ。该传感器成功地应用于在体ｐＨ测定以及水果内微区ｐＨ测定。     

Flow injection analysis of sulfite ion with a potentiometric titanium phosphate-epoxy based membrane sensor

A novel pH sensor suitable for use in both aqueous and non-aqueous mediums is reported. The sensor is derived from polymer modified electrode obtained from electrochemical polymerisation of aniline in dry acetonitrile containing 0.5 M tetraphenyl borate at 2.0 V versus Ag/AgCl. The light yellow colour polymer modified electrode obtained under the present experimental condition has been characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The pH sensing of polymer modified electrode in both aqueous and non-aqueous mediums is examined and reported. As the typical examples, we used weak acid (acetic acid) and weak base (ammonium hydroxide) as analytes. The acetic acid is analysed in both aqueous and dry acetonitrile whereas ammonium hydroxide is analysed only in aqueous medium. The analysis in aqueous medium is conducted in 1 mM Tris-HCl buffer pH 7.0 and also in 0.1 M KCl. The slope of pH sensing is calculated from the data recorded in typical buffers and found to be approximately 86 mV per pH. The application of polymer modified electrode for the construction of urea biosensor is described based on immobilised urease within poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix and also within organically modified sol-gel glass on the surface of polymer-modified electrode. The new urea sensor has shown maximum response of 160 mV at 25 degrees C with a lowest detection limit of 20 muM. The performance of new pH sensor and urea sensor has been studied and reported in this communication.     

A Sensitive Electrochemical Sensor for Voltammetric Determination of Ganciclovir Based on Au‐ZnS Nanocomposite

An electrode modified with ZnS and gold nanoparticles (Au‐ZnS NPs) is introduced for highly sensitive voltammetric determination of ganciclovir (GCV). Surface structure and topography of the modified electrode was studied by SEM, EDX and XRD techniques. Electrochemical oxidation of GCV was investigated by cyclic (CV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV) in Briton‐Robinson buffer solution (pH 1.5). The results showed that electrochemical oxidation of GCV at the Au‐ZnS modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) is irreversible and exhibited diffusion controlled electrode process over the pH range from 1.0 to 6.0. The oxidation potential peak and pH relationship showed that electrons and protons were transferred simultaneously over the electrochemical oxidation process. Using the proposed sensor, the linear calibration curves were obtained in the ranges of 0.04–1.50 μM and 1.5–70.0 μM with detection limit of 0.01 μM GCV by SWV technique. The modified electrode was successfully applied as a sensitive, reproducible and repeatable sensor for determination of the trace amount of GCV in human serum, urine and cymevene vials. Reasonable results were obtained from comparing the measurements of the real samples by the new sensor to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) as a standard method.     

A New Solid-State pH Sensor and Its Application in the Construction of all Solid-State Urea Biosensor

A new solid-state pH sensor is developed using neutral poly(3-cyclohexyl thiophene) assembled over a Pt disk electrode. The new sensor is developed following two different approaches; 1) the neutral poly(3-cyclohexyl thiophene) dissolved in chloroform and subsequent coating on to a Pt disk electrode; 2) the neutral polymer is incorporated into plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) matrix membrane. In both cases the polymer modified electrode is sensitive to pH and a reversible super Nernstian behavior is observed. The typical response of the pH sensor and its reversibility are reported. The polymer coated electrode is subsequently used to construct an all solid-state urea sensor. The construction of this new urea sensor involves the following two major steps; a) 20 µL of urease solution (40 mg /mL) is allowed to assemble overnight at 4 °C over neutral poly (3-cyclohexyl thiophene) modified electrode; b) an organically modified sol-gel layer is allowed to form over the urease adsorbed polymer modified electrode. The new solid-state urea sensor provides excellent reproducibility of the measurements and is stable for 3 months when stored at 4 °C under dry condition. The typical response of the solid-state urea sensor and the calibration plot of urea analysis are reported.     

Electrografting of 4‐tert‐Butylcatechol on GC Electrode. Selective Electrochemical Determination of Homocysteine

A new sensor based on the grafting of 4‐tert‐butylcatechol on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode (GC) was developed for the catalytic oxidation of homocysteine ( Hcy ). The GC‐modified electrode exhibited a reversible redox response at neutral pH. Under the optimum conditions cyclic voltammetric results indicated the excellent electrocatalytic activity of modified electrode toward the oxidation of Hcy at reduced over‐potential about 350 mV. A linear dynamic range of 0.01–3.0 mM and a detection limit of 1.0 µM were obtained for Hcy . The modified electrode was used as an electrochemical sensor for selective determination of Hcy in human blood.     

Zeolite Nanoparticle Modified Carbon Paste Electrode as a Biosensor for Simultaneous Determination of Dopamine and Tryptophan

A new chemically modified electrode is constructed based on an iron(III) doped zeolite modified carbon paste electrode (Fe³⁺Y/ZCME). The electrode was evaluated as a sensor for sub‐micromolar determination of tryptophan (Trp) and dopamine (DA). The measurements were carried out using the differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) method in a phosphate buffer solution with pH = 5. The prepared modified electrode shows voltametric responses with high sensitivity and stability for DA and Trp in optimal conditions. The analytical performance of this sensor has been evaluated for detection of DA and Trp in human serum.     

纳米银/石墨烯修饰电极测定青蒿素

本文建立一种新型的青蒿素传感器。首先,在玻碳电极上滴涂氧化石墨,通过电化学方法将氧化石墨还原为石墨烯,然后,在石墨烯上沉积纳米银得到石墨烯/纳米银修饰电极,它作为检测青蒿素的电化学传感器。用此电极对青蒿素进行测定,并通过循环伏安法、差分脉冲伏安法、交流阻抗法等研究其电化学行为。该修饰电极在测定青蒿素溶液时,表现出较正的还原电位和较大的峰电流等优势;对其实验条件如电解质溶液的p H、应用电势等进行了探查,该电化学传感器在青蒿素溶液浓度范围为1.0×10-8~3.0×10-5mol/L时与其还原峰电流呈现良好的线性关系,最低检出限为1.2×10-9mol/L(S/N=3)。此外,对该传感器的稳定性和重现性等也进行了研究,获得令人满意的结果。     

Voltammetric response of phenylboronic acid monolayer-modified gold electrode to sugars.

The surface of a gold (Au) disk electrode was modified with a self-assembled monolayer consisting of phenylboronic acid moiety to fabricate a voltammetric sensor sensitive to sugars. The modified Au electrode exhibited a voltammetric response to sugars in the presence of Fe(CN)6(3-) ion in the sample solution at neutral pH. The peak current of the cyclic voltammograms decreased depending on the type and concentration of sugars. The dynamic range of the electrode is 3 - 100 mM for glucose and mannose and 1 - 30 mM for fructose. The sugar sensor can be used repeatedly after rinsing in 10 mM acetate buffer (pH 4.5).     

Use of a poly(4,4′-diaminobiphenyl) chemically modified electrode as a pH sensor

A chemically modified electrode (CME) for use as a potentiometric pH sensor was constructed by electropolymerizing a poly(4,4′-diaminobiphenyl) coating on a platinum electrode. The resulting CME gave a linear response to pH in the range 1–12 with a slope of ?56 mV pH^?1. The CME functioned well in titration experiments and in pH measurements. No significant interference of a coexisting redox couple with the pH measurements was observed. The mechanism of the pH response of the CME is considered.