Correlations between hyperfine parameters of Fe−Ni-B amorphous metals

The correlations between fluctuations in the⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer hyperfine parameters of the amorphous alloys (Fe_0.5Ni_0.5)_100?x B _x (x=16, 18, 20, 22 and 25 at%) and Fe_yNi_80?y B₂₀ (y=20, 25, 40 and 60 at%) have been determined. Values of the correlation between the fluctuations of the isomer shift and the fluctuations of magnetic hyperfine field, μ_N 〈ΔHΔδ〉 together with published values on similar amorphous systems are compared with correlation values for related crystalline phases. The lack of characteristic values suggests that the correlation values do not allow a link to be made between local structural units in amorphous alloy and crystalline phases.     

Mössbauer spectroscopy of Al substituted Fe in holmium iron garnet

A Mössbauer spectroscopy study was made on Ho₃Fe_5-xAl_xO₁₂ (x=0.0, 0.05, 0.7). X‐ray diffraction patterns indicate that the samples with x=0.0 and 0.05 have the garnet structure, while the sample with x=0.7 has an additional noncubic structural phase. The room temperature spectrum for samples with x=0.0 and 0.05 consists of two magnetic components corresponding to the octahedral and tetrahedral sites with hyperfine magnetic fields (B_hf) of 50 T and 40 T, respectively. For x=0.7 we observe a new magnetic component with B_hf= 45 T, a reduction in the intensity and broadening of the tetrahedral component, and the evolution of a nonmagnetic central component. These variations are evidently due to the addition of aluminium to the system. At liquid nitrogen temperature the samples with x=0.0 and 0.05 are nearly identical. It was also observed that the increase in B_hf for the octahedral site is smaller than that for the tetrahedral site as the temperature is lowered to 80 K.     

热处理对非晶态合金Nd4Fe96-xBx磁性的影响

本文研究了用单辊急冷方法制备的非晶态合金Nd₄Fe_96-xB_x的晶化,以及热处理对其硬磁性和相组成的影响,发现非晶态合金Nd₄Fe_96-xB_x的晶化温度比相同B含量的非晶态合金Fe_100-xB_x高120—190K,X射线衍射和热磁测量表明,15≤x≤25的样品晶化相是由Nd₂Fe₁₄B(T 关键词：     

Effect of Cr and Ni substitution on the hyperfine parameters of Fe-B based metallic glasses

Some features of the variation of isomer shift, quadrupole splitting and magnetic hyperfine field distribution in Fe_85?xCr_xB₁₅ (x=5–30), Fe_85?yCr₁₅B_y (y=10–20) and Fe_85?xNi_xB₁₅ (x=5–30) metallic glasses are reported. Changes in the isomer shift and quadrupole splitting for the Cr_x and B_y series are linked with a precursor stage for the onset of ferromagnetism.     

Measurements of the hyperfine magnetic fields at Ta and Fe in the Laves compounds (Zrx Hf1−x)Fe2 for 0≤x≤1

The hyperfine magnetic fields at¹⁸¹Ta and⁵⁷Fe in the ferromagnetic Laves intermetallic compounds (Zr_xHf_1?x)Fe₂ (0≤x≤1) have been measured by the methods of TDPAC and Mössbauer effect, respectively, and shown to be practically independent of x at x≥0.4. An average value B_hf (Ta)=?6.52 T at 300 K was obtained for samples with x≥0.4, and ?14.2 T for pure HfFe₂ in the hexagonal C14 modification. For 0hf(Ta) in (Zr_0.9 Hf_0.1)Fe₂ from that for B_hf (Fe) and the bulk magnetization was confirmed, studied in detail, and shown to exist for all x≥0.4. The temperature dependence of B_hf(Ta) in HfFe₂ was close to that of B_hf (Fe).     

Mössbauer study of amorphous Fe40Ni40PxB20−x

The hyperfine field distributions of amorphous Fe₄₀Ni₄₀P_xB_20?x (x=10, 12, 14, 17) samples before and after different heat treatments have been determined by means of Mössbauer spectroscopy. All of these P(H) curves are characterized by a main high field maximum and an additional low field maximum, respectively. The asymmetry of distributions of high field component in P(H) of Fe₄₀Ni₄₀P_xB_20?x increases progressively from Fe₄₀Ni₄₀P₁₀B₁₀ to Fe₄₀Ni₄₀P₁₇B₃. The distributions of low field component in P(H) are affected differently by the annealing temperature. The results indicate that the phospoorus element plays an important role in the hyperfine interactions of amorphous Fe₄₀Ni₄₀P_xB_20?x The influence of annealing atmosphere has been discussed.     

Mössbauer studies in amorphous Fe80−x−y Ni x Mn y B12Si8 alloys

Room temperature Mössbauer studies have been carried out on amorphous Fe_80?x?y Ni _x Mn _y B₁₂Si₈ (x=35, 40, 45, 50 and 0≤y≤1). Thex=40 and 45 samples, showed an increase in the average hyperfine field, wheny increased from 0.0 to 0.2 at% in the former and 0.0 to 0.5 at% in the latter. The hyperfine field decreased fory=1.0. This is similar to the results of the magnetic moment on these samples, published earlier.     

High field magnetization and57Fe hyperfine field in amorphous RuxFe80−xB20 alloys

Magnetism in amorphous alloys of Ru_xFe_80–xB₂₀, 0 × 22 has been investigated using high field magnetization and Mössbauer spectroscopy. The average Fe hyperfine field in Ru₁₈Fe₆₂B₂₀ shows an anomalous rise at low temperatures. In Ru rich alloys a low field component appears in the hyperfine field distribution and the alloys do not saturate magnetically in 80 kG fields. It is inferred that their magnetic structure is non collinear and that antiferromagnetic exchange in the system increases with Ru concentration.     

Influence of composition on hyperfine interactions in FeMoCuB nanocrystalline alloy

Influence of varying Fe/B ratio upon hyperfine interactions is investigated in the Fe_91?x Mo₈Cu₁B_x rapidly quenched alloys. They are studied both in the as-quenched (amorphous) state as well as after one-hour annealing at different temperatures ranging from 330 °C up to 650 °C. Such a heat treatment causes significant structural changes featuring a formation of nanocrystalline bcc-Fe grains during the first crystallization step. At higher annealing temperatures, a grain growth of bcc-Fe and occurrence of additional crystalline phases are observed. The relative fraction of the crystalline phase governs the development of magnetic hyperfine fields in the residual amorphous matrix even if this was fully paramagnetic in the as-quenched state. The development of hyperfine interactions is discussed as a function of annealing temperature and composition of the investigated alloys. ⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer spectrometry was used as a principal analytical method. Additional information related to the structural arrangement is obtained from X-ray diffractometry. It is shown that in the as-quenched state, the relative fraction of magnetic hyperfine interactions increases as the amount of B rises. In partially crystalline samples, the contribution of magnetic hyperfine interactions inside the retained amorphous matrix increases with annealing temperature even though the relative fraction of amorphous magnetic regions decreases.     

Mössbauer study of the hyperfine fields at Fe sites in orthorhombic Fe3C1−xBx

The orthorhombic Fe₃C_1–xB_x system (0.6 < x < 0.8) was studied by Mössbauer Effect Spectroscopy at both 100K and room temperature. The data were analyzed by both assuming the existence of two and four hyperfine field distributions in the Mössbauer spectra. The extrapolation of our results to x=1 give values of 268 kOe and 238 kOe for the hyperfine field values at the crystallographic inequivalent Fe sites I and II in orthorhombic Fe₃B. These results are in good agreement with the values previously reported by Choo and Kaplow/1/.On a fellowship from CONICET, Republica Argentina.     

Mössbauer studies of mixed and substituted garnets

We report here our⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer studies on the mixed and substituted iron garnets. Magnetisation studies on substituted SmIG system {Sm_3?x Ca_x} [Sn_x Fe_2?x](Fe₃)0₁₂ (0.2≤x≤1.8) show that the T_c decreases as x increases. We attribute this to the reduced strength of a-d interaction as a result of dilution of a-site. While the Mössbauer spectra seem to reflect this, an interesting feature is the unresolved hyperfine spectrum seen at 80K for x=1.0, even though the transition temperature (T_c) is 285K. For this concentration, varying the rare earth ion from Sm to Er, results in very similar spectra. We speculate spin glass behaviour for x=1.0. In mixed and substituted garnet system {Gd_2.5R_0.2Ca_0.3} [Sn_0.3Fe_1.7](Fe₃)0₁₂ (R=Y, Sm, Eu, Ho and Er), we observe well resolved spectra with no change in the hyperfine field with substitution of rare earth. This is consistant with the dominance of a-d interaction in these systems.     

Magnetic ordering in Mg−Zn ferrites

The magnetic ordering of a series of magnesium-zinc ferrite, Zn_0.3Mg _x Fe_2.7?x O_4±δ (0.5≤x≤1.1; 0≤δ≤0.2) has been investigated using Mössbauer measurements in the temperature range 295–620 K. The samples were found to be magnetic at room temperature with a hyperfine field at each site which increases with iron content. The Curie temperature was also observed to increase in a similar manner. The slope of this increase forB _hf andT _c is steeper forx≤0.6 thanx≥0.7. It has also been observed that Mg²⁺ substitution by Zn²⁺ in MgFe₂O₄ affects the magnetic ordering and the internal hyperfine field. The Curie temperature decreases by ～200 K andB _hf by ～20%.     

Magnetism influenced by structural disorder in melt-spun DyMn6 − x Ge6 − x Fe x Al x (x = 2.5, 3)

Different chemical and/or geometrical orders were found in melt-spun DyMn_6???x Ge_6???x Fe _x Al _x with x = 2.5 and 3 having fully amorphous and mixed (crystalline and amorphous) structure, respectively. Thermal variations in magnetization M from liquid helium up to room temperature for both samples are similar. Magnetization value at zero field cooled curve reaches about 0.1 μ_B per formula unit at 2 K and then increases. Two maxima are visible, the first at 50 K (a sharp effect) and the second very broad ranging from 150 to 200 K. ⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer spectrometry investigation revealed a remaining magnetic component in addition to a prevailing quadrupolar feature. Application of a weak external magnetic field causes an increase in the mean hyperfine magnetic field B _hyp and the volume fraction of magnetic component. This observation was confirmed by results of M(T), M(H) and AC magnetic susceptibility measurements. In short-range ordered crystallographic zones characteristic of melt-spun DyMn_6???x Ge_6???x Fe _x Al _x (x = 2.5, 3) alloys, the related magnetic ordering, called the mictomagnetism or the cluster spin glass appears.     

Mössbauer study of hydrided amorhous Fe−M−Zr (M=Co,Cr) alloys

Mössbauer spectra of hydrided amorphous Fe₉₀?_xCo_xZr₁₀ (A_x) and Fe₉₀?_yCr_yZr₁₀ (B_y) (x=4, 10, 20; y=0, 4, 7, 13, 16, 20) are studied. For low hydriding time values (t), the average hyperfine field \(\left( {\bar B_{hf} } \right)\) and isomer shift δ_is show a drastic increase which can mainly be associated with the volume effect. For higher (t) values, an electron transfer effect can be responsible for the hyperfine parameter variation. The influence of hydrogenation on magnetic anisotropy is also discussed.     

Mössbauer study of the spinel system GexCu1−xFe2O4

The magnetic properties of the spinel series Ge_xCu_1?xFe₂O₄ (X = 0 to 0.8) have been investigated by means of Mössbauer spectroscopy. Mössbauer spectra for X = 0.0 to 0.6 suggest the existence of two hyperfine fields, one due to the Fe³⁺ tetrahedral ions (A-sites) and the other due to Fe³⁺ octahedral ions (B-sites), while for X = 0.8 it shows the superposition of hyperfine field split spectra from A- and B-site ions and a broad central line spectrum. For 0.2 ? X ? 0.4, fast electron exchange among octahedral iron ions occurs as in Fe₃O₄. The variations of nuclear magnetic fields at the A- and B-sites are explained on the basis of AB and BB supertransferred hyperfine interactions.     

Magnetic phase diagram of amorphous (FexNil-x)75P16B6Al3 alloys

We have studied the temperature dependence of the magnetic response of amorphous (Fe_xNi_l-x)₇₅P₁₆B₆A$\text{l}$₃ ribbons to a small low frequency applied field. For x ? 0.16 we identify a paramagnet-spin glass transition. With 0.17 ? x ? 0.4 a paramagnet-ferromagnet transition is observed which is followed at lower T by a spin freezing phenomenon. A magnetic phase diagram is proposed and discussed in terms of recent theories.     

The magnetic properties of the MgZn ferrite system by Mössbauer spectroscopy

Samples of the magnetism-zinc ferrite series Zn_xMg_1?xFe₂O₄ (x = 0.0 to 1.0) have been studied by the Mössbauer effect technique at 77 K. Mössbauer spectra for x = 0.0 to 0.6 suggest the existence of two hyperfine fields, one due to the Fe³⁺ tetrahedral ions (A-sites) and the other due to the Fe³⁺ octachedral ions (B-sites), while for x=0.7 it shows relaxation behaviour and for x?0.8 it exhibits a paramagnetic quadrupole doublet. The variation of nuclear magnetic fields at the A and B sites is explained on the basis of the AB and BB supertransferred hyperfine interactions. Analysis of the average Mössbauer line width as a function of zinc concentration suggests that the relaxation spectrum observed at x=0.7 (77 K) is possibly due to domain wall oscillations.     

Magnetic ordering above room temperature in the sigma-phase of Fe66V34

Magnetic properties of four sigma-phase Fe_100−xV_x samples with 34.4?x?55.1 were investigated by Mössbauer spectroscopy and magnetic measurements in the temperature interval 4.2-300 K. Four magnetic quantities, viz. hyperfine field, Curie temperature, magnetic moment and susceptibility, were determined. The sample containing 34.4 at% V was revealed to exhibit the largest values found up to now for the sigma-phase for average hyperfine field, 〈B〉=12.1 T, average magnetic moment per Fe atom, 〈μ〉=0.89 μ_B, and Curie temperature, T_C=315.3 K. The quantities were shown to be strongly correlated with each other. In particular, T_C is linearly correlated with 〈μ〉 with a slope of 406.5 K/μ_B, as well as 〈B〉 is so correlated with 〈μ〉, yielding 14.3 T/μ_B for the hyperfine coupling constant.     

Magnetic properties of the ternary alloy system (FexNi1−x)11Se8 for 0.042<x<0.23

The ternary alloy system (Fe_xNi_1?x)₁₁Se₈ for 0.04257Fe Mössbauer experiments at 4.2 K. A preliminary analysis of the spectra reveals that all samples are magnetically ordered at 4.2 K and the magnetic hyperfine field increases with increasing iron concentration. Temperature dependent Mössbauer spectra measured for x=0.22 indicate that the transition temperature is about 108±2 K. The results are discussed in terms of the magnetic and structural properties of the system.     

A Mössbauer effect study of the magnetic ordering in the Y6(FexMn1−x)23 solid solutions

The ternary alloys, Y₆ (Fe_xMn_1–2)₂₃, exhibit interesting magnetic behavior over a range of solid solutions of iron and manganese. The transition metal atoms occupy four crystallographically different sites. For x less than ca. 0.27, the transition metal atoms couple ferromagnetically, whereas for greater values of x they couple antiferromagnetically. By using the iron populations for each site, obtained from neutron diffraction studies, it is possible to determine the Mössbauer effect hyperfine parameter fields for each site. As x increases, the ordering temperature decreases dramatically. At 1.3K in Y₆Fe₂₃, the four hyperfine fields range from 372kOe to 250kOe, whereas in Y₆(Fe_0.52Mn_0.48)₂₃ they decrease to values between 100kOe and 10kOe. This decrease apparently results from the increasing frustration of the ferromagnetic iron-iron coupling as additional manganese, which would prefer antiferromagnetic coupling, is introduced into the alloys.