石墨烯材料与蛋白质的相互作用

石墨烯材料凭借其优异的物理化学性质在生物化学以及生物医学领域备受关注,展现出了广阔的应用前景。值得注意的是,石墨烯材料在应用于载药、医学检测与诊断及生物成像等诸多领域时,会不可避免地与生物体内的各种蛋白质分子产生相互作用,进而改变石墨烯材料自身的理化性质并影响蛋白质的构象及生物学功能。因此研究石墨烯材料与蛋白质分子之间的相互作用,对于理解和评估其生物学效应,开发新型生物化学技术,具有至关重要的意义。本文综述了近年来针对石墨烯材料与蛋白质分子相互作用开展的代表性的科学研究,分类介绍了石墨烯家族中的各种材料与蛋白质相互作用的分子机制与规律,并介绍了基于蛋白质分子与石墨烯材料相互作用开发的新型应用技术,最后对这一领域未来的热点研究方向进行了分析和展望。     

光响应智能生物粘附材料的设计与应用

智能生物粘附材料是一类通过生物粘附作用粘附于组织表面,且对外界刺激具有特定响应的新型粘合剂.因其止血快、生物相容性好、生物粘附性强且具有智能响应效果而在外科临床应用领域受到了极大的关注.其中,光响应生物粘附材料因具有无接触、时空调节、严格剪裁和远程控制等独特优势,被广泛用于伤口止血及组织修复等领域.除了广泛应用的紫外光,可见光和近红外光因其优异的组织穿透深度、高稳定性和低能量特性而在这类光响应生物粘附材料中受到广泛关注.本文总结了智能响应粘附材料的响应类型,重点介绍了近年来光响应生物粘附材料的研究进展,包括分类、性能及其在生物医学领域的具体应用等.     

蛋白质基生物材料的生物医学应用进展

尽管合成生物材料具有巨大的潜力和多样性,但其生物医学应用仍然受到生物相容性、生物降解性及生物再吸收性等问题的限制.天然高分子尤其是蛋白质基生物材料能够较好地解决合成材料存在的问题,在药物递送、组织工程、伤口修复和生物传感器等生物医学领域有着广泛应用.本文重点综述了动物、植物来源的蛋白质基材料在生物医学领域的已有和潜在临...     

基于氧化铁纳米材料特性的生物分离和生物检测

氧化铁纳米粒子是一种新型的磁功能材料,被广泛应用于生物、材料以及环境等众多领域.本文介绍了超顺磁氧化铁纳米粒子的制备方法,比较了各种方法的优缺点;评述了磁性氧化铁纳米粒子在细胞、蛋白质和核酸分离及生物检测中的应用,对多功能复合磁性氧化铁纳米粒子的构建, 在生物医学领域中的应用具有的指导意义.     

抗蛋白质非特异性吸附材料及其在生物医学领域中的应用

生物材料是用于人体组织和器官的诊断、修复或增进其功能的一类高技术材料,但由于蛋白质非特异性吸附现象的普遍存在,对这些材料造成污染,有时甚至危及生命安全。因此,研究具有抗蛋白质非特异性吸附性能的材料已成为生物医用材料领域的研究热点。本文首先介绍了蛋白质的吸附过程及材料抗蛋白质吸附的机理,重点综述了生物医学领域中广受关注的抗蛋白质吸附材料及其在生物医学领域中的应用,并对未来的发展趋势做了展望。     

纳米材料在蛋白质分离中的应用

蛋白质的分离技术不仅在药物检测和制药工程中具有重要意义,而且还是生化工程和蛋白质分析的一个研究热点.纳米材料具有许多与众不同的特性,广泛应用于化工、生物、医药、航天等多个领域,被认为是21世纪最有前途的材料.本文作者从非金属氧化物纳米材料、非金属单质纳米材料、金属氧化物纳米材料、金属单质纳米材料、纳米聚合物、纳米复合材料等方面综述了纳米材料在蛋白质分离方面的应用现状,总结了其在蛋白质分离中的优缺点,并就其在蛋白质固定和分离领域的应用前景进行了展望.     

壳聚糖/海藻酸盐作为新型止血材料的研究进展

有效止血是减轻患者痛苦,降低死亡率的关键,止血材料必须具备良好的止血性、生物相容性、可生物降解、无毒副作用等优点。天然海洋多糖高分子化合物壳聚糖、海藻酸盐作为性能卓越的生物材料已广泛的应用在医学领域。尤其是它们具有良好的生物相容性、生物可降解性、突出的止血效果和抗菌性等特性,对于伤口的愈合有促进作用,是极好的止血材料。本文主要针对这两种海洋高分子化合物作为止血材料的研究进展进行了综述,并对今后的研究重点进行展望。     

介孔沸石材料

介孔沸石材料是含有丰富介孔的结晶沸石,不仅保留了沸石材料优良的酸性和水热稳定性,而且由于介孔的引入改善了其对大分子的吸附和扩散性能,在催化领域特别是涉及大分子的催化反应中是极有应用前景的材料。本文综述了介孔沸石材料的制备方法并进行了比较分析,概述了近年来介孔沸石材料在不同催化反应中的应用,探讨了介孔沸石材料今后的研究方向。     

稀土/L型沸石主-客体发光功能材料的研究进展

沸石微孔晶体材料作为客体功能物种的主体材料在主-客体组装化学中发挥着越来越重要的作用,在微型激光器、非线性光学、生物成像、光放大及光显示等高技术领域已显示出广阔、诱人的发展前景.本文介绍国内外,特别是河北工业大学在稀土/L型沸石主-客体杂化功能材料的组装、结构及其发光性能的研究工作,具体包括：稀土有机配合物在L沸石孔道内的组装、L型沸石-有机高分子透明杂化发光材料的制备及稀土有机配合物诱导控制的L型沸石自组装等.此外,本文对稀土/L型沸石主-客体杂化发光功能材料的研究进行了展望.     

生物材料表界面与蛋白质及细胞的相互作用的研究进展

材料接触生物环境首先是通过其界面,这种材料界面与生物环境中的生物分子及细胞之间的相互作用决定着材料生物功能的实现。因此,调控材料与生物体的界面相互作用几乎是所有生物材料的研究及应用首先和必然面对的关键共性问题。本文综述了近年来我们课题组在生物表界面领域的研究及其最新进展。从分子层面上设计生物功能表面入手,建立了一系列普适、高效、简单易行的表面功能化新方法用于改变材料表面的物理化学性质,进而调控材料表面与蛋白质或细胞/细菌之间的相互作用。     

分子筛在医学领域的应用及作用机制

沸石分子筛由于其特殊的结构特点, 优异的生物活性、生物稳定性及生物相容性, 研究人员对其进行了大量临床应用方面的研究. 研究表明, 分子筛可用作抗肿瘤治疗的佐剂、抗微生物治疗、药物的载体、快速凝血剂、防止血栓制剂等. 本文将阐述分子筛在医学领域的应用进展及发挥作用的相关机制.     

等级孔分子筛的可控合成、扩散研究及催化应用

等级孔分子筛是一类具有两种或多种以特定形式排布的孔结构的分子筛材料. 多层等级的孔结构使得分子筛孔道内的分子扩散得到显著改善, 进而提升了其在吸附和非均相催化等领域的应用性能. 等级孔分子筛的制备策略通常有两种, 即“自上而下”后处理法(如对母样分子筛进行脱铝、 脱硅产生介孔)和“自下而上”合成法(如软模板、 硬模板法). 本文主要对近20年来等级孔分子筛的合成方法进行了梳理, 并着重介绍了具有较高应用潜力的“自上而下”制备法. 鉴于合成等级孔分子筛的主要目的是提高分子的晶内扩散, 对近年来客体分子在等级孔分子筛内扩散的实验研究也进行了简要综述. 此外, 本文还综合评述了等级孔分子筛与传统分子筛在催化应用中的对比, 以展示前者在提升催化性能方面(如活性、 选择性等)的独特优势.     

Graphene-based hemostatic sponge

Graphene-based sponge is a novel hemostatic material prepared by chemical cross-link of graphene oxide. It has a fast fluid absorption capacity to quickly absorb blood from wounds, activate clotting pathways, and achieve rapid hemostasis. In addition, graphene-based sponge is also a good platform carrier.It can be prepared by organic cross-linking, compounding with inorganic clay, and adding bioactive factors to enhance coagulation stimulation. By these methods, the hemostatic performance of the...     

Hierarchical zeolites: enhanced utilisation of microporous crystals in catalysis by advances in materials design

The introduction of synthetic zeolites has led to a paradigm shift in catalysis, separations, and adsorption processes, due to their unique properties such as crystallinity, high-surface area, acidity, ion-exchange capacity, and shape-selective character. However, the sole presence of micropores in these materials often imposes intracrystalline diffusion limitations, rendering low utilisation of the zeolite active volume in catalysed reactions. This critical review examines recent advances in the rapidly evolving area of zeolites with improved accessibility and molecular transport. Strategies to enhance catalyst effectiveness essentially comprise the synthesis of zeolites with wide pores and/or with short diffusion length. Available approaches are reviewed according to the principle, versatility, effectiveness, and degree of reality for practical implementation, establishing a firm link between the properties of the resulting materials and the catalytic function. We particularly dwell on the exciting field of hierarchical zeolites, which couple in a single material the catalytic power of micropores and the facilitated access and improved transport consequence of a complementary mesopore network. The carbon templating and desilication routes as examples of bottom-up and top-down methods, respectively, are reviewed in more detail to illustrate the benefits of hierarchical zeolites. Despite encircling the zeolite field, this review stimulates intuition into the design of related porous solids (116 references).     

Needs and trends in rational synthesis of zeolitic materials

Zeolites are an important class of materials which are widely used in industry as catalysts, adsorbents and ion-exchangers. Their superior properties are closely related to their unique porous framework structure, as well as composition and morphology. The ever-growing needs for zeolitic materials in applications inspire us to think of the rational synthesis of zeolites with desired structures and properties. However, rationalization of zeolitic materials remains one of the most challenging issues in the zeolite research field due to their unclear formation mechanism. Despite this, many efforts have been devoted to synthesize zeolites in a more rational way. In this tutorial review, first, we demonstrate how the geometrical characteristics of zeolite frameworks affect the catalytic performances of the resulting materials; then, we present recent advances in synthetic innovations to target materials, and we further highlight the developments in computer simulations toward ab initio design and synthesis; finally, the future perspective on the rational synthesis of zeolitic materials with desired functions and structures will be described.     

微孔-微孔复合分子筛的结构特征及应用

微孔-微孔复合分子筛是指两种(或多种)微孔分子筛的复合晶体,不仅具备单一分子筛的特性,而且由于复合过程中产生的结构畸变使其具有独特的孔道结构和酸性质,进而体现出优异的催化反应特性,成为当今分子筛领域的研究热点。微孔-微孔复合分子筛可分为共晶分子筛和共生分子筛两种,前者通过两种分子筛晶体的无限成分单元重排,有利于构成新的完整的晶体结构,后者则是两种分子筛共生长过程中得到的两相交错生长的复合体,产生微结构畸变和界面效应。本文对微孔-微孔复合分子筛进行归纳和分类,并系统介绍了微孔-微孔复合分子筛的研究进展,着重阐述了共晶分子筛和共生分子筛的合成与微结构特点以及在催化反应领域中的应用。     

Polysaccharide Based Hemostatic Strategy for Ultrarapid Hemostasis

Bleeding complications usually cause significant morbidity and mortality in civilian and military populations. In clinical application, hemostatic sponges, gauzes, hydrogel, and bandages are widely used as the traditional effective hemostatic products for hemorrhage. However, the traditional hemostatic devices or agents cannot meet the requirement for treatment of massive bleeding. Therefore, the excellent hemostatic performance of hemostatic products are of great significance for saving lives. Natural polysaccharides, as the main chemical component, have been widely used in the preparation of hemostasis due to their perfect biocompatibility and biodegradability. Polysaccharide based hemostatic products are available in variety of forms, such as, hydrogel, sponges, gauze and microspheres. The purpose of the present review is to report the research progress on polysaccharide hemostatic products and technology.     

Dynamics Studies on Molecular Diffusion in Zeolites

1 INTRODUCTION Zeolites have attracted much attention in both scientific and industrial areas for their special characteristics and multiple uses. Zeolites are composed of TO4 (T = Si, Al, Ga, P, etc.) tetrahedra which are connected with each other by sharing oxygen atoms to produce a complex and repetitive three-dimensional atom network with regular molecular dimension cavities joined by channels. Shape selectivity is the most important property of zeolites. Combined with the possib…     

Evaluation of a new force field for describing the adsorption behavior of alkanes in various pure silica zeolites

The recently proposed united atom force field by Dubbeldam et al. (Phys. Rev. Lett. 2004, 93, 088302) for the adsorption of alkanes in MFI-type zeolites was extended to other zeolites in this work. Its applicability to FER-type zeolites was evaluated in detail, for which the Henry coefficients, the isosteric heat of adsorption, the adsorption isotherms, as well as the locations of alkanes in the FER-type zeolites were computed and compared to experimental values. The results show that the new force field works well for FER zeolites. Furthermore, its applicability to MWW-, MTW-, CFI-, LTA-, and STF-type zeolites was investigated, and we found that the experimental isotherms could be accurately predicted except for STF-type zeolites. This work shows that the new united atom force field proposed by Dubbeldam et al. is applicable to most pure silica zeolites.     

Methanol-to-Olefin Conversion over Zeolite Catalysts: Active Intermediates and Deactivation

Methanol-to-olefin (MTO) conversion over various zeolites with different topologies, Si/Al molar ratios, and crystallite sizes were investigated to verify the effects of pore shape and size, acidity, and external surface area on the catalytic activity, product selectivity, and deactivation. The IR and electron spin resonance (ESR) study of zeolite catalysts used in MTO also proceeded to deduce the active intermediates formed in their cages or pores. The zeolites with 8 membered-ring (MR) pore entrances such as CHA, ERI, LTA, and UFI commonly exhibited high selectivity to lower olefins due to their small entrances, but the CHA catalyst with the smallest cage maintained its activity longer than other 8MR zeolites. The slow condensation of polymethylbenzene (PolyMB) to polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) on MOR zeolite with a high Si/Al molar ratio due to its low concentration of strong acid sites resulted in a slow deactivation. The extremely small crystallites of H-SAPO-34 and H-ZSM-5 less than 100 nm showed an adverse effect in MTO; while the large crystallites above 1,000 nm also exhibited poor catalytic performance because of their small external surface. The study of IR regarding the adsorbed and occluded materials on zeolites demonstrated the effect of pore shape and size on the active intermediates: the zeolites with larger pores and cages allowed the formation of alkylbenzenes with long alkyl groups which preferred to be condensated to PAH. The well-resolved hyperfine splitting of ESR spectra observed on H-SAPO-34 used in MTO clearly illustrated the presence of hexamethylbenzenium radical cations. The small intersections of phosphorous-modified H-ZSM-5 allowed the formation of tetramethylbenzenium radical cations in MTO. The formation of PolyMB radical cations, their role as active intermediates and the effect of topology, acidity, and crystallite size of zeolites on their deactivation were discussed.