含N-乙酰化肝素寡糖的制备及序列分析

建立了含N-乙酰化肝素寡糖的分离提纯及其序列结构分析方法.首先应用肝素酶Ⅰ深度酶解低分子量肝素来富集含N-乙酰化结构寡糖,通过Bio-Gel P10凝胶色谱法分离制备了包括二糖至十四糖的系列肝素寡糖粗样品,ProPac PA-1强阴离子高效液相色谱(SAX-HPLC)等方法对粗样品进一步分离,提纯得到4种六糖和3种八糖片段.其次应用肝素酶Ⅰ,Ⅱ和Ⅲ复合酶解与HPLC法分析各纯化寡糖的二糖组分,并结合肝素酶Ⅰ底物特异性,初步推断4种六糖和3种八糖的序列结构.在寡糖的糖链两端均含有N-硫酸化二糖,而N-乙酰化二糖分布在糖链当中.应用电喷雾离子阱-飞行时间质谱(ESI-IT-TOF-MS)在负离子模式下进一步表征寡糖并分析其裂解规律.结果表明,各寡糖中均出现大量因SO32-丢失形成的碎片离子峰,六糖中主要有双电荷和三电荷碎片离子峰;在八糖中出现了一系列从双电荷至五电荷的离子峰.各寡糖的双电荷离子峰质荷比进一步确定了上述寡糖的序列结构.六糖的裂解规律表明,裂解主要存在于糖苷键,N-乙酰葡糖胺和糖醛酸上的裂解方式分别为0,2X和0,2Z.本研究提供了切实有效的分离、分析未知结构肝素寡糖序列的新方法.     

卟啉镍分子的激发态和反饱和吸收

用INDO/CI方法研究了卟啉镍分子的电子结构、紫外光谱、激发态,并从理论上指出卟啉镍分子存在反饱和吸收的微观机制.     

低抗凝肝素寡糖的制备、结构表征及免疫活性评价

以猪肠黏膜来源低抗凝肝素为原料,采用苄酯碱水解法制备了寡糖.通过聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(PAGE)、高效凝胶渗透色谱(HPGPC)-多角激光光散射法(MALLs)联用、核磁共振波谱(NMR)和液相色谱-质谱(LC-MS)联用技术对所制备寡糖的分子量分布及化学结构进行了表征.以该寡糖对活化X因子(FXa)及人凝血酶(FⅡa)活性的抑制作用评价了其抗凝血活性,并通过测定其对RAW264.7巨噬细胞吞噬能力及NO释放量的影响评价其免疫活性.结果表明,所制备寡糖的聚合度分布于2~22之间,平均分子质量为5300,无明显的抗凝血活性,但具有显著的免疫增强活性.     

结构描述符正交化及典型相关分析在饱和醇、醚质谱分类中的应用

结构描述符正交化及典型相关分析在饱和醇、醚质谱分类中的应用;饱和醇醚;模式识别;质谱分类变量;块变量;典型相关分析     

几种光引发剂在微乳液体系中的紫外吸收

光引发剂在微乳液体系中所处的位置是微乳液光引发聚合反应引发机理研究的关键之一．利用紫外吸收光谱对不同环境中的光引发剂进行考察,但由于其吸收光谱没有明显的变化,因而未能获得较确切的结论［１,２］．本工作研究了光引发剂α－羟基－α,α－二甲基－（对－羟乙...     

注射成型掺酞菁铟反饱和吸收材料的研究

反饱和吸收是指介质的吸收系数随输入光强的增加而增大的一种现象。反饱和吸收材料在全光开关、光计算与通信以及光限幅和光稳幅等光电子领域中都有着广泛的应用前景。酞菁类化合物以其较大的非共振三阶极化率、内在的快速响应和良好的化学和热稳定性倍受关注。目前所研究的反饱和吸收材料多是溶液和薄膜样品，在实用化方面存在较大困难，并且一些反饱和吸收性能好的酞菁化合物在溶剂中易于分解，给薄膜制备和溶液的稳定带来了困难。本文采用注射成型方法将酞菁铟掺杂到聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）中，研究了样品的反饱和吸收性能，国内外鲜见相关报道。     

溶剂萃取法制备的纳米CeF3紫外吸收性能研究

利用Cyanex 923萃取法制备了纳米级CeF3微粉,并研究了分散剂、 CeF3量、 CeF3预处理灼烧温度和微粉粒径分布等因素对CeF3紫外吸收行为的影响. 结果表明,CeF3在255 nm附近有特征吸收峰;分散剂的极性强弱、 分散物浓度的改变都会影响吸收峰的强弱;随着粒径的减小,紫外吸收峰发生明显的红移. 此外还研究了TiO2包覆CeF3的紫外吸收性质,复合材料在250～400 nm区间内同时出现了TiO2和CeF3的特征吸收峰,复合材料的吸光域范围扩展.     

基于非分散紫外吸收法二氧化硫超低量程烟气分析仪的研制及其应用

基于非分散紫外吸收法(NDUV)具有检出限低,灵敏度高,在低浓度条件下能运行稳定,抗干扰能力强等特点,研制开发SO_2测量范围为0~200 mg/m~3的超低量程烟气分析仪。参考HJ/T 76–2007的技术要求,在实验室和污染源现场对超低量程烟气分析仪进行相关性能测试。该超低量程烟气分析仪技术指标:响应时间为90 s,检出限为1%FS,24 h漂移为2.5%FS,线性误差为4%,干扰影响为1%。在超低排放污染源现场与非分散红外吸收法进行比对测试,结果显示非分散紫外吸收法具有较高的测量精度和长期运行稳定性,研制的烟气分析仪适用于超低限连续排放监测系统中SO_2的监测。     

紫外吸收光谱法研究Asp44在稳定肌红蛋白结构中的作用

为了了解肌红蛋白Mb表面44位天冬氨酸(Asp)残基对稳定蛋白结构的影响,用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)定点突变的技术将Mb基因上的第44位天冬氨酸的密码子GAT突变成赖氨酸的密码子AAA,获得突变体D44K。突变体蛋白在大肠杆菌BL21-DE3中成功表达并且得到纯化。用紫外-可见光谱研究野生型肌红蛋白及其突变体D44K的耐热、耐酸的变性过程。结果表明,用碱性氨基酸赖氨酸(Lys)取代酸性氨基酸Asp44残基,增强了肌红蛋白耐热、耐酸能力,说明Asp44具有稳定肌红蛋白结构的作用。为进一步研究蛋白表面氨基酸对蛋白质结构、功能的影响提供重要的试验依据。     

现场紫外-可见吸收光谱研究电解二氧化锰的还原过程

应用现场紫外 可见吸收光谱研究碱性溶液中电解MnO2(EMD)放电机理.结果表明,对EMD电极的放电还原,包括两个单电子过程,其第1电子还原又分为3步:①还原MnO2颗粒表面和阳离子空位附近的Mn4+离子,②还原斜方锰矿中的Mn4+离子,③还原软锰矿中的Mn4+离子.第2电子还原是将溶解的Mn3+还原成Mn2+,进一步转化成Mn(OH)2和Mn3O4.     

葛根素在酸碱溶液中的紫外光谱特性及应用

葛根素在酸碱溶液中具有不同的紫外吸收光谱特性。以葛根素碱溶液为测定液,以等浓度的葛根素水溶液为参比液,用差示法测定其吸光度。结果表明:在337 nm处,当葛根素浓度为1.0×10-5~1.0×10-4mol/L时,吸光度与浓度之间存在良好的线性关系,据此建立了测定葛根素的差示紫外光谱法。用此法直接测定了葛根和葛根素注射液中葛根素的含量,平均回收率分别为99.5%(RSD=1.66%)、99.7%(RSD=0.85%)。本法结果与高效液相色谱(HPLC)法对照,对同一样品进行对照测定,结果令人满意。     

Electrochemical Studies on the Interaction of Heparin with Phenosafranine and Its Analytical Application

The interaction of phenosafranine (PSF) with a glycosaminoglycan of heparin (Hep) in aqueous solution was characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) in this paper and further used for Hep detection. In pH 1.5 Britton‐Robinson (B‐R) buffer solution PSF had a well‐defined voltammetric reductive peak at ?0.256 V (vs SCE), and the electrochemical response was faded by the addition of Hep. Cyclic voltammetric experiments indicated that the electrochemical behaviors of free PSF didn't change no matter whether Hep was presented in PSF solution or not. Based on the decrease of the peak current, a second order derivative linear sweep voltammetry was used to establish a sensitive electroanalytical method for Hep. The peak current was proportional to the concentration of Hep in the range of 0.7～20.0 mg L^?1, demonstrating that this method was suitable for routine Hep detection. Under optimal conditions, the linear regression equation for the Hep determination was ΔIp”(nA) = 46.30 C (mg L^?1) + 343.31 (n = 11, γ = 0.991) with a detection limit of 0.08 mg L^?1 (3σ). The established method was further successfully applied to heparin sodium injection samples determination. The interaction mechanism was discussed based on the electrostatic attraction of the negatively charged Hep with the positively charged PSF, and the stoichiometry of Hep‐PSF was calculated by the voltammetric method.     

Collisional Activation Mass Spectrometry—A New Probe for Determining the Structure of Ions in the Gas Phase

Organic ions with high translational energy colliding inelastically with neutral atoms or molecules become excited electronically at the expense of their translational energy. The excitation energy enables a wide range of dissociation reactions to occur and the intensity relationships yield information about the structure of the ions concerned and also permit conclusions to be drawn about the mechanism of their formation.     

CHIH-DFT Determination of the Molecular Structure and Infrared and Ultraviolet Spectra of Azathiophenes

In this work, we make use of a new model chemistry within Density Functional Theory, which is called CHIH-DFT (Chihuahua Heterocycles-Density Functional Theory), to calculate the molecular structure of the azathiophenes, as well to predict their infrared and ultraviolet spectra. The calculated values are compared with the experimental data available for these molecules as a mean of validation of our proposed chemistry model. The predicted results are in excellent agreement with the experimental ones.     

基于离子液体基质的大豆中寡糖成分基质辅助激光解吸电离-质谱成像分析

将离子液体2,5-二羟基苯甲酸丁胺用于改进基质辅助激光解吸电离质谱分析寡糖的定量重复性,并进一步用于大豆和豆叶中寡糖的质谱成像研究.实验中设定正电荷检测模式、激光能量为70%,采用将离子液体2,5-二羟基苯甲酸丁胺甲醇溶液(20%,V/V)直接覆盖样品的简单加基质方法,分析寡糖样品及大豆和豆叶寡糖分布的质谱成像.结果表明,离子液体2,5-二羟基苯甲酸丁胺作为基质,用基质辅助激光解吸电离化质谱分析蔗糖、棉子糖、水苏糖3种寡糖样品,点内重复性RSD<3%,点间重复性RSD<4%,在0.062~1.00 mg/mL 范围内测定的线性相关系数R2≥ 0.996,显示出较好的定量分析潜力.将此基质用于基质辅助激光解吸电离质谱成像分析大豆切片和豆叶表面的二糖、三糖和四糖,得到空间分辨率为150 μm的3种寡糖质谱成像图.3种寡糖在大豆中大致均衡分布,在豆叶的分布均以叶尖为多,并且根据标准曲线和图中的信号强度可以估计其含量.     

气相色谱与原子吸收联用及其在有机锡化合物形态分析中的应用

本文研究适合于有机锡化合物形态分析的气色谱－原子吸收联用技术的接口。在优化、改进的分离测定条件下，成功地实现了一甲基锡、二甲基锡、三甲基锡、一丁基锡、二丁基锡、三丁基锡、四丁基锡化合物的分离，并以内标法测定了湖、海水、工业废水等水样中的丁基锡化合物。     

New extraction procedure to improve the determination of quinolones in poultry muscle by liquid chromatography with ultraviolet and mass spectrometric detection

The present article aims to develop a new extraction procedure to improve the determination of quinolones in chicken muscle. This new determination method was validated using liquid chromatography–ultraviolet detection (LC–UV) and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry detection (LC–MS), which has special bearing on stability studies. The results obtained by using the method were compared with the results obtained with a previous methodology. The new extraction procedure presents a sensitivity low enough to determine concentration of these drugs below the permissible maximum residue limits (MRL) in chicken muscle and is less time consuming than the previous methodology.     

Sequence and three-dimensional structure of cycloreticulins A and B, new cyclooctapeptides from the seeds of Annona reticulata

Two cyclooctapeptides, cycloreticulin A, cyclo(Pro¹-Gly²-Asp³-Ile⁴-Ser⁵-Ile⁶-Tyr⁷-Tyr⁸) (1) and cycloreticulin B, cyclo(Pro¹-Mso²-Tyr³-Gly⁴-Thr⁵-Val⁶-Ala⁷-Val⁸) (2), have been isolated from the methanol extract of the seeds of Annona reticulata L. The sequences were elucidated on the basis of the MS/MS fragmentation using a QTOF mass spectrometer equipped with an ESI source, chemical degradation and extensive 2D-NMR. The solid state conformation of cycloreticulin A, carried out by X-ray study, is characterised by the presence of two β-turns (types II and III) and an inversed γ-turn. Its solution structure appeared quite similar to the crystal one. The cyclic backbone solution structure of cycloreticulin B, close to that of the cyclooctapeptide squamin A, from which its sequence only differs by a Val⁸/Ile⁸ substitution, involves three β-turns, two of type I and one of type III, being similar to the crystal structure of squamin A.     

质谱技术在神经多肽酶结构与功能研究中的应用

分子神经科学是本世纪生命科学中最有挑战性和前瞻性学科之一。信号传导与催化多肽的神经多肽酶有着密切的联系。本文以海兔等软体动物为素材,综述近年来采用质谱和高效液相色谱技术研究中枢神经系统多肽酶结构与功能的进展。     

微型氢化物原子吸收法测锑的研究及冶金样品中微量锑的测定

本文建立了一个微型氢化物发生原子吸收法测定微量锑的方法。用CyDTA 和8-羟基喹啉-草酸分别消除了钴和镍的干扰,采用峰面积测量模式,灵敏度22pg/1％。同时对镍的液相干扰机制做了一些探讨。