高温超导涂层导体——RE123双轴织构技术及其发展状态

本文对高温超导涂层导体及其双轴织构外延生长技术进行了全面的论述。内容分金属基体、缓冲层、超导层三个方面,根据金属基体的不同将缓冲层分成四个类型,即辊扎双轴织构金属基带(RABiTS)上外延缓冲层、自氧化外延(SOE)NiO缓冲层、离子束辅助沉积(IBAD)缓冲层和衬底倾斜沉积(ISD)缓冲层。总结了超导层沉积工艺和人工磁通钉扎中心的最新研究成果,评述和展望了高温超导涂层导体的当前国际状态和发展前景。     

高温超导涂层导体——RE123双轴织构技术及其发展状态

本文对高温超导涂层导体及其双轴织构外延生长技术进行了全面的论述。内容分金属基体、缓冲层、超导层三个方面,根据金属基体的不同将缓冲层分成四个类型,即辊扎双轴织构金属基带(RABiTS)上外延缓冲层、自氧化外延(SOE)NiO缓冲层、离子束辅助沉积(IBAD)缓冲层和衬底倾斜沉积(ISD)缓冲层。总结了超导层沉积工艺和人工磁通钉扎中心的最新研究成果,评述和展望了高温超导涂层导体的当前国际状态和发展前景。     

高温热处理气氛对低氟MOD法制备YBCO超导薄膜的影响研究

金属有机物沉积法(MOD)制备YBa2Cu3O7-x(YBCO)涂层导体是最具有商业前景的方法之一.本文使用环烷酸铜代替三氟乙酸铜,降低了前驱液中大约50%的氟含量.然后在带有缓冲层(Y2O3/YSZ/CeO2)的Ni-5at.%W基带上采用MOD法制备了YBCO薄膜并系统研究了高温热处理过程中气体流速和氧分压对YBC...     

不同气氛下LaMnO_3缓冲层后退火效应研究北大核心CSCD

在第二代高温涂层导体离子束辅助沉积技术(IBAD)路线中,LaMnO_3(LMO)作为超导层的生长面,直接影响到YBCO的性能,为改善LMO的织构、形貌等,对磁控溅射法制备的LMO薄膜进行了后退火处理,本实验系统研究了后退火处理对LMO物相、织构、表面形貌等的影响,并进一步研究了后退火效应对超导层的影响.结果表明后退火处理有助于改善LMO表面形貌,优化LMO微结构,在潮湿Ar-5%H2气氛下,LMO缓冲层改善率最高,在经湿Ar-5%H2后退火处理的LMO缓冲层上制备的超导层具有最佳的性能,在77K自场下,临界电流密度达到1.2 MA/cm^2.     

不同气氛下LaMnO_3缓冲层后退火效应研究

在第二代高温涂层导体离子束辅助沉积技术(IBAD)路线中,LaMnO_3(LMO)作为超导层的生长面,直接影响到YBCO的性能,为改善LMO的织构、形貌等,对磁控溅射法制备的LMO薄膜进行了后退火处理,本实验系统研究了后退火处理对LMO物相、织构、表面形貌等的影响,并进一步研究了后退火效应对超导层的影响.结果表明后退火处理有助于改善LMO表面形貌,优化LMO微结构,在潮湿Ar-5%H2气氛下,LMO缓冲层改善率最高,在经湿Ar-5%H2后退火处理的LMO缓冲层上制备的超导层具有最佳的性能,在77K自场下,临界电流密度达到1.2 MA/cm~2.     

电化学法涂层导体CeO_2缓冲层外延生长研究

电化学沉积法制备高温超导YBa2Cu3O7-δ涂层导体缓冲层具有工艺简单、设备要求低、易于连续化批量制备等优点。采用电化学沉积法,在双轴织构的Ni-5at.%W(Ni-5W)金属基带上成功制备出了具有良好c轴取向的CeO2缓冲层薄膜。利用X射线衍射、极图、扫描电子显微镜和原子力显微镜等对上述氧化物薄膜的织构、表面形貌等进行表征。重点研究了薄膜厚度、退火温度、退火时间等工艺对薄膜外延生长及其表面形貌的影响,结果表明:电化学沉积方法制备的CeO2缓冲层具有很好的双轴织构、表面平整、均一,粗糙度低,表现出良好的缓冲层性质。结合金属有机化学溶液超导层的制备技术,本工作展示了一条全化学法制备第二代高温超导带材的技术路线,具有很好的应用前景。     

低激光能流沉积高质量的NdB2Cu3O7-x/YBa2Cu3O7-y高温超导薄膜

采用脉冲激光方法,先在YSZ（yttria stablized zirconia)衬底上制备（YBa2Cu3O7-y)/YSZ高温超导薄膜,再用较低的激光能流密度（1.2-1.0Jcm^-2)沉积一层NBCO（NdB2Cu3O7-x)薄膜,形成NBCO／YBCO／YSZ双层超导薄膜。在制备完当时,存放40天和存放400天后分别对薄膜进行了X射线衍射分析和电阻－温度曲线测量。结果表明,NBCO／YBCO／YSZ双层膜的转变温度、结晶度和表面稳定性及光滑度都优于YBCO／YSZ薄膜的。在YBCO／YSZ上使用较低的激光能量可以制备出优质的c轴取向NBCO高温超导薄膜。     

第二代高温超导带材涂层导体的研究

第二代高温超导带材YBCO涂层导体的研究,广受世人重视.本文介绍国内外涂层导体的研究工作进展,讨论了涂层导体的重点科学问题,包括金属基带材料和涂层工艺技术.     

Tl系超导薄膜金属涂层的生长与特性研究

我们研究了Tl-2212超导薄膜在带有YSZ/CeO2缓冲层和带有CeO2/YSZ/CeO2缓冲层的Ni金属RABiTS基带上的生长情况.基带上的缓冲层是采用PLD方法制备的,Tl-2212薄膜的制备采用了磁控溅射和后热处理两步方法.XRD 实验结果表明,Tl-2212薄膜都具有很好的C轴垂直于膜面的织构,并具有双向外延生长特性.在CeO2/YSZ/CeO2/Ni基带上制作的Tl-2212薄膜的Tc达到102.8 K,Jc(77 K,0 T)达到2.6 MA/cm2;在YSZ/CeO2/Ni基带上薄膜Tc可达97.7 K,Jc(77 K,0 T)也可以达到0.45 MA/cm2.     

在RABiTS基带上制备Tl-2212超导薄膜

我们研究了Tl-2212超导薄膜在带有YSZ/CeO2缓冲层和带有CeO2/YSZ/CeO2缓冲层的Ni金属RABiTS基带上的生长情况.基带上的缓冲层是采用PLD方法制备的,Tl-2212薄膜的制备采用了磁控溅射和后热处理两步方法.XRD 实验结果表明,Tl-2212薄膜都具有很好的c轴垂直于膜面的织构,并具有双向外延生长特性.在CeO2/YSZ/CeO2/Ni基带上制作的Tl-2212薄膜的Tc达到102.8 K,Jc(77K,0T)达到2.6 MA/cm2;在YSZ/CeO2/Ni基带上薄膜的Tc可达97.7K,Jc (77K,0T)也可以达到0.45MA/cm2.     

Degradation characteristics of YBCO coated conductors due to fault-current in power cable applications

In high temperature superconductor applications used in electric power devices, YBCO coated conductors may be subjected to short-circuit fault-currents that are 10–30 times the normal operating current. These over-currents cause heat generation, resulting in I_c degradation of the YBCO coated conductor. Therefore, it is necessary to fully investigate the degradation characteristics of YBCO coated conductors. We previously conducted preliminary experiments on the degradation of YBCO sample tapes resulting from the over-current pulse drive.     

改进YBCO薄膜高场性能的研究进展

YBCO涂层超导材料是一种有着广泛应用前景和巨大潜在商业价值的高温超导材料之一.要真正实现其实用化,不仅要提高涂层超导自场下的载流能力,而且要求它在较高的外加磁场下也具有较大的载流能力,所以提高薄膜的场性能成为涂层超导研究的热点.本文详细地总结了目前常用的三种改进YBCO高场性能的方法,即:1)纳米颗粒掺杂;2)改变过渡层的表面粗糙度;3)制备夹层结构薄膜的方法,并从制备工艺对性能的影响、存在的优缺点以及未来的发展趋势等方面介绍了提高YBCO涂层超导场性能这一领域的国内外最新研究进展.     

一种新型YBCO高温超导带材临界电流特性测试方法

针对YBCO高温超导带材临界电流特性,文中基于四引线法,构造了一个集成有背景磁场发生装置的减压降温的低温测量装置。该装置包括一个提供背景磁场的双"E"形铁心线圈磁体;一个可以旋转0—360°的超导带材样本架以及一套可实现减压降温功能的低温测试系统。通过对低温杜瓦内温度、YBCO带材所处背景磁场大小、背景磁场与YBCO带材表面夹角的控制,实现了YBCO超导带材在不同温区、不同磁场及磁场方向下的临界电流特性的测量。这种新颖的测量方法和装置,综合考虑了环境温度、背景磁场和磁场方向变化的具体影响,能够获得较全面的YBCO高温超导带材临界电流性能参数。     

A simple MOD method to grow a single buffer layer of Ce0.8Gd0.2O1.9 (CGO) for coated conductors

A single Ce_0.8Gd_0.2O_1.9 (CGO) buffer layer was successfully grown on the home-made textured Ni–5 at.%W (Ni–5W) substrates for YBCO coated conductors by a simple metal–organic deposition (MOD) technique. The precursor solution was prepared using a newly developed process and only contained common metal–organic salts of both Ce and Gd dissolved into a propionic acid solvent. The precursor solution at 0.4 M concentration was spin coated on short samples of Ni–5W substrates and heat-treated at 1100 °C in a mixture gas of 5% H₂ in Ar for an hour. X-ray studies indicated that the CGO films had good out-of-plane and in-plane textures with full-width-half-maximum values of 4.18° and 6.19°, respectively. Atomic force microscope (AFM) investigations of the CGO films revealed that most of the grain boundary grooves on the Ni–5W surface were found to be well covered by CGO layers, which had a fairly dense and smooth microstructure without cracks and porosity. These results indicate that our MOD technique is very promising for further development of single buffer layer architecture for YBCO coated conductors, due to its low cost and simple process.     

Superior properties of SmBCO coated conductors at high magnetic fields and elevated temperatures

In addition to the well investigated YBa₂Cu₃O_7?δ (Y-123, YBCO) compound, many other rare earth-123 compounds are candidate materials for the production of coated conductors. Sm-123 seems to be an excellent alternative because of its higher transition temperature (T_c) and higher critical current densities (J_c) in external magnetic fields. Because of the fast decrease of J_c in YBCO at elevated temperatures, especially around the boiling point of liquid nitrogen, the slightly higher T_c can be an important advantage. Recently, significant progress has been made in the production of long length Sm-123 based coated conductors. We report here on transport measurements on these conductors in the liquid nitrogen temperature range. The critical current densities were determined as a function of the applied field and the crystallographic orientation under maximum Lorentz force configuration. A shift of the c-axis (～7°) from the tape normal was found. The conductor properties were compared to those of commercially available YBCO coated conductors. The critical current densities as well as the irreversibility fields are higher in the SmBCO tapes, thus demonstrating the superior properties of the Sm-123 compound.     

Transport and AC loss properties of the repaired multifilamentary REBCO superconducting tapes

For near-future applications of REBa₂Cu₃O₇ (REBCO) coated conductors to electric power cables, transformers and Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES), the long taped wires with high performance in the transport properties have been designed and fabricated. Moreover, in order to drastically reduce AC losses in perpendicular field configuration, advanced multifilament YBCO coated conductors (MFYCCs) fabricated with technique of a laser scribing process have been also developed. In the present study, from engineering viewpoints to utilize such advanced conductors, we evaluated the transport and AC loss properties of short MFYCCs with a repaired part or a joint by a diffusion joint technique with the saddle-shaped pickup coil method.     

改进型前驱液对化学溶液法制备YBCO薄膜的影响

传统全三氟乙酸前驱液对涂敷环境湿度、低温预分解过程中的升温速率和水汽分压等因素具有敏感性,采用改进型前驱液可以降低其敏感性,从而有利于涂层导体的连续制备.我们提出的改进型前驱液中,三氟乙酸钇、三氟乙酸钡和苯甲酸铜是前驱体,甲醇和丙酸的为溶剂.采用化学溶液法在铝酸镧单晶衬底上制备YBCO,低温分解阶段以1～5℃/min快速升温,可以获得低温后的前驱膜光滑完整,无裂纹.通过X衍射分析和扫描电镜分析了薄膜的织构和表面微结构,四引线法测试薄膜超导电性.采用改进型前驱液制备的薄膜超导转变温度(Tc)为90K,在77K、自场下临界电流密度(Jc)为1MA/cm2.     

Critical current degradation behaviors of ReBCO coated conductor tapes under pressurized liquid nitrogen

In the case of 2G coated conductor (CC) tapes, it has been reported that thin–thick CC tapes with IBAD substrate showed a superior electromechanical property even at smaller bending radius compared with the cases of 1G BSCCO tapes. Considering the application of CC tapes it is significant to evaluate the transport property under operating environment, because CC tapes might experience a change in operating pressure that can affect its current carrying capacity due to temperature variation and deformation. This study was focused on the I_c degradation behavior in bent CC tapes under pressurized liquid nitrogen. Differently processed YBCO and SmBCO CC tapes with IBAD substrate are used as samples. The bending strain characteristics at elevated pressure levels were evaluated by using the ρ-shaped sample holder which can induce different bending strain values at pressured state. Depressurization and thermal cycling were performed to check the reversibility of I_c in CC tapes. Vacuuming tests were also carried out to investigate the characteristics of I_c at different LN₂ temperature levels.