基于双偏振分束器的量子密钥分发系统

提出了利用两个偏振分束器的量子密钥分发系统，有效地解决了相位调制器的偏振依赖性问题. 以1310nm波长在通信距离为25km的光纤中实现了高密钥生成率，干涉对比度99.4%. 有效密钥生成率大于0.6kbit/s, 误码率0.5%. 关键词： 量子密钥分发 偏振分束器 单光子干涉     

基于实时优化单光子干涉可视度的相位编码量子密钥分发

在相位编码量子密钥分发系统中,单光子干涉可视度决定了系统的成码率。本文提出一种优化单光子干涉可视度的方法,即利用遗传算法和四通道偏振控制器实时补偿单光子偏振漂移,同时利用时分复用参考光连续无复位地补偿单光子相位漂移,最终在25km光纤中实时优化的单光子干涉可视度达到98.6%,相位编码量子密钥分发系统成码率为2.2kbit/s。     

单光子探测器性能对量子密钥分发系统的影响

根据量子密钥分发协议的原理和单光子探测器的工作模式系统分析了单光子探测器性能对量子密钥分发系统影响的物理模型,给出了单光子探测器暗计数和量子效率对系统筛选码率和量子误码率等指标产生影响的计算公式,并通过对各类量子密钥分发系统的比较,推导出了适用于一般量子密钥分发系统的普适结果。结果表明,在同等条件下采用较少的探测时间门可以提高量子密钥分发系统的性能。     

单光子探测器性能对量子密钥分发系统的影响

根据量子密钥分发协议的原理和单光子探测器的工作模式系统分析了单光子探测器性能对量子密钥分发系统影响的物理模型,给出了单光子探测器暗计数和量子效率对系统筛选码率和量子误码率等指标产生影响的计算公式,并通过对各类量子密钥分发系统的比较,推导出了适用于一般量子密钥分发系统的普适结果。结果表明,在同等条件下采用较少的探测时间门可以提高量子密钥分发系统的性能。     

量子密钥分发实验中偏振分束器的研究

量子密钥分发是量子信息论中发展最快、最接近实用化的领域,偏振分束器是量子密钥分发系统中重要的组成部分,对分束器的经典分析和量子分析得出了完全一致的结果.     

连续变量量子密钥分发系统中调制器驱动设计

相位调制器与振幅调制器是连续变量量子密钥分发中不可缺少的光调制器件.本文以量子安全通信系统的硬件为平台,设计了LiNbO3相位调制器的驱动电路,性能测试电路,同时给出了振幅调制器的性能监控电路.从理论与实验上对方案的可行性与可靠性进行了验证.     

长距离长期稳定的量子密钥分发系统

介绍了最近完成的长距离长期稳定的量子密钥分发系统.该系统利用往返光路补偿光纤偏振 抖动和相位漂移的原理,采用结电容平衡魔T网络耦合的单光子探测技术,在506km单模 光纤中实现了长时间（大于12h）稳定的量子密钥分发实验.单脉冲平均光子数为007, 误码率为4%,其中单光子探测器的探测效率大于5%,单脉冲暗计数低于29×10^{-6. 关键词： 量子保密通信 量子密钥分发 单光子探测}     

量子密钥分发中Cascade协议的一种改进方案

密钥协商是量子密钥分发(QKD)中的重要组成部分.Cascade协议是实际中使用最广泛的量子密钥协商协议.本文基于[6]的工作提出一种对Cascade协议的改进方案.计算机仿真显示我们的方案比原始Cascade和一些其它改进方案有更高的效率.     

复合量子密钥分发系统双速协议及其安全性分析

基于真空光速c是极限信号速度这一基本假设,提出了复合量子密钥分发(QKD)系统和双速协议,并证明双速协议的安全性与原BB84协议的安全性相同.结果表明,双速协议在将量子密钥生成效率从50%提高到100%的同时,还降低了窃听者Eve可能得到的信息量.双速协议由于打破了公开讨论之前Bob和Eve的对等地位,使QKD在概念上有了明显的改进,使协议基的选择空间有了本质性的扩充.具体给出了三个双速协议的实例,并详细分析了它们在截取重发攻击下的安全性 关键词： 量子密码 光纤量子密钥分发 双速协议     

大学本科量子密钥分发实验课程探索

量子信息技术因其卓越的特性而受到高度重视,被认为是未来信息技术发展的必然趋势,而具备量子物理背景的专业人才培养就显得极为重要.但是,由于量子信息技术具有抽象性、交叉性、前沿性和复杂性等特点,针对本科生开展相关实验教学具有一定挑战.中山大学从2018年开始在该方面进行了初步探索,针对高年级本科生开设了量子密钥分发等实验课程.本文基于笔者的教学工作,对量子密钥分发实验课程进行了介绍,探讨了其中的难点以及解决方案,希望通过本文探讨,能够对量子信息技术的教学工作有一定帮助.     

基于相位调制偏振态QKD系统的量子信道校正发送方案

提出了一种基于相位调制偏振态QKD系统的量子信道校正发送的新方案—采用波导型相位调制器研制成电控连续可调光学相移器,它可随相位调制器输入电压的连续改变而产生连续的相移,从而控制输出的偏振态;在其前放置一个半波片,即可校正接收端偏振态量子态在信道中所发生的改变,从而保证信道传送密钥的可用性.通过理论推导和实验研究验证了基于相位调制偏振态QKD系统的量子信道校正发送方案的核心部件的可行性.由于本方案能实现高速调制（GHz）,为解决光纤传输的偏振编码QKD系统中偏振态漂移问题提供了一种新的途径.     

An Efficient Routing Protocol for Quantum Key Distribution Networks

Quantum key distribution (QKD) can provide point-to-point information-theoretic secure key services for two connected users. In fact, the development of QKD networks needs more focus from the scientific community in order to broaden the service scale of QKD technology to deliver end-to-end secure key services. Of course, some recent efforts have been made to develop secure communication protocols based on QKD. However, due to the limited key generation capability of QKD devices, high quantum secure key utilization is the major concern for QKD networks. Since traditional routing techniques do not account for the state of quantum secure keys on links, applying them in QKD networks directly will result in underutilization of quantum secure keys. Therefore, an efficient routing protocol for QKD networks, especially for large-scale QKD networks, is desperately needed. In this study, an efficient routing protocol based on optimized link-state routing, namely QOLSR, is proposed for QKD networks. QOLSR considerably improves quantum key utilization in QKD networks through link-state awareness and path optimization. Simulation results demonstrate the validity and efficiency of the proposed QOLSR routing protocol. Most importantly, with the growth of communication traffic, the benefit becomes even more apparent.     

基于预报单光子源的相位匹配被动诱骗态量子密钥分配

基于预报单光子源,提出了一种相位匹配被动诱骗态量子密钥分配方案.在此方案中,通信双方仅需各产生单个强度的信号.根据通信双方本地探测器的响应情况,第三方的探测结果被分为四个集合,既起到信号态和诱骗态的作用,又共同参与参数估计和密钥生成,降低了系统实现的难度并改善了方案性能.仿真结果表明:相位匹配被动诱骗态方案的最大安全传...     

Advances in Chip-Based Quantum Key Distribution

Quantum key distribution (QKD), guaranteed by the principles of quantum mechanics, is one of the most promising solutions for the future of secure communication. Integrated quantum photonics provides a stable, compact, and robust platform for the implementation of complex photonic circuits amenable to mass manufacture, and also allows for the generation, detection, and processing of quantum states of light at a growing system’s scale, functionality, and complexity. Integrated quantum photonics provides a compelling technology for the integration of QKD systems. In this review, we summarize the advances in integrated QKD systems, including integrated photon sources, detectors, and encoding and decoding components for QKD implements. Complete demonstrations of various QKD schemes based on integrated photonic chips are also discussed.     

一种稳定的自由空间量子密钥分配实验系统

基于量子密钥分配的基本原理,采用B92方案,以单光子作为信息载体,使用极化编码,搭建了一个简单易行的实验装置,实现了自由空间传输的量子密钥分配,平均每脉冲光子数为0．1,粗码率12．7kbits／s,误码率4％左右。     

对称噪声信道下利用多纠缠态实现量子密钥分配

研究了对称噪声信道下的量子密钥分配(Quantum Key Distribution,QKD)过程，并得到了其误码率和信道保真度的关系式。基于量子态的局域区分原理，我们提出了使用“多纠缠态”进行噪声信道下的密钥分配的新方案。应用这个新方案，我们可以获得和在理想无噪声信道下使用最大纠缠态(四个Bell态之一)进行QKD一样好的结果。     

APR-QKDN: A Quantum Key Distribution Network Routing Scheme Based on Application Priority Ranking

As the foundation of quantum secure communication, the quantum key distribution (QKD) network is impossible to construct by using the operation mechanism of traditional networks. In the meantime, most of the existing QKD network routing schemes do not fit some specific quantum key practicality scenarios. Aiming at the special scenario of high concurrency and large differences in application requirements, we propose a new quantum key distribution network routing scheme based on application priority ranking (APR-QKDN). Firstly, the proposed APR-QKDN scheme comprehensively uses the application’s priority, the total amount of key requirements, and the key update rate for prioritizing a large number of concurrent requests. The resource utilization and service efficiency of the network are improved by adjusting the processing order of requests. Secondly, the queuing strategy of the request comprehensively considers the current network resource situation. This means the same key request may adopt different evaluation strategies based on different network resource environments. Finally, the performance of the APR-QKDN routing scheme is compared with the existing schemes through simulation experiments. The results show that the success rate of application key requests of the APR-QKDN routing scheme is improved by at least 5% in the scenario of high concurrency.     

Quantum Key Distribution Based on Coherent States

Ｏｎｅｏｆｔｈｅｍｏｓｔｉｎｔｒｉｇｕｉｎｇａｎｄｅｘｃｉｔｉｎｇｒｅｃｅｎｔｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔｓｉｎｑｕａｎｔｕｍｍｅｃｈａｎｉｃｓｉｓｔｈｅｐｒｅｄｉｃｔｉｏｎａｎｄｄｅｍｏｎｓｔｒａｔｉｏｎｏｆａｃｒｙｐｔｏｇｒａｐｈｉｃｋｅｙｄｉｓｔｒｉ...     

Quantum Hacking on an Integrated Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution System via Power Analysis

In quantum key distribution (QKD), there are some security loopholes opened by the gaps between the theoretical model and the practical system, and they may be exploited by eavesdroppers (Eve) to obtain secret key information without being detected. This is an effective quantum hacking strategy that seriously threatens the security of practical QKD systems. In this paper, we propose a new quantum hacking attack on an integrated silicon photonic continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) system, which is known as a power analysis attack. This attack can be implemented by analyzing the power originating from the integrated electrical control circuit in state preparation with the help of machine learning, where the state preparation is assumed to be perfect in initial security proofs. Specifically, we describe a possible power model and show a complete attack based on a support vector regression (SVR) algorithm. The simulation results show that the secret key information decreases with the increase of the accuracy of the attack, especially in a situation with less excess noise. In particular, Eve does not have to intrude into the transmitter chip (Alice), and may perform a similar attack in practical chip-based discrete-variable quantum key distribution (DVQKD) systems. To resist this attack, the electrical control circuit should be improved to randomize the corresponding power. In addition, the power can be reduced by utilizing the dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) technology.