MgO高温高压特性及相变的第一性原理研究

应用第一性原理密度泛函理论计算了MgO在零温(0K)下和0~200GPa静水压范围内的晶体结构和弹性模量,以及B1、B4和B8相结构的MgO的声速随压力的变化。利用准简谐近似下的Debye模型,通过拟合三阶Birch-Murnaghan物态方程模拟了高温效应并对三个相在高温高压下的相稳定性做了研究。本工作的计算结果与前人的理论和实验结果符合较好,说明第一性原理结合准简谐Debye模型能够比较准确的模拟矿物如MgO在高温高压下的热力学性质。     

BeO高压相变和声子谱的第一性原理计算

采用第一性原理方法计算了BeO在零温时的高压相变和三种结构在零温零压时的声子谱.相变的计算表明,在122GPa左右的压力下BeO会发生从纤锌矿(B4)结构到氯化钠(B1)结构的相变,而闪锌矿(B3)结构在零温零压下是一种可能的亚稳态结构.采用冷声子方法计算了这三种结构的BeO在零温零压下的声子谱.计算结果表明:B1结构在零温零压下是一种不稳定的结构;尽管B4结构和B3结构具有明显的相似性,仍然可以通过声子谱来很好的区分.最后根据准简谐近似理论计算得到了BeO的高温高压相图.     

Ce-La-Th合金高压相变的第一性原理计算

采用第一性原理计算对Ce_(0.8)La_(0.1)Th_(0.1)在高压下fcc-bct的结构相变、弹性性质及热力学性质进行了研究讨论.通过对计算结果的分析,发现了合金在压力下的相变规律,压强升高到31.6 GPa附近时fcc相开始向bct相转变,到34.9 GPa时bct相趋于稳定.对弹性模量的计算结果从另一角度反映了结构相变的信息.最后,利用准谐德拜模型对两种结构的高温高压热力学性质进行了理论预测.     

NiTi形状记忆合金马氏体相变的第一性原理研究

为了理解NiTi形状记忆合金马氏体相变的机理，基于密度泛函的第一性原理研究了温度和应力对电子结构的稳定性的影响.通过对态密度的分析，发现随着温度的降低和变形的增加，B2相的态密度升高，能级兼并性提高，从而导致结构的稳定性降低，促进相变的发生. 关键词： NiTi 电子结构 第一性原理计算 相变     

高压下CaF2结构相变和光学性质的第一性原理计算

利用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法,计算了在压力作用下CaF2的结构相变和光学性质。结果证实了CaF2的压致结构转变的顺序是从氟石结构(空间群Fm3m)转变到PbCl2型结构(空间群Pnma),然后继续转变为Ni2In型结构(空间群P63/mmc)。在Fm3m和Pnma两种结构中,电子带隙随着压力的增加而增加,而在P63/mmc结构中,带隙随着压力的增加开始下降。实验结果显示,直到210 GPa,CaF2没有发生由绝缘体到金属的转变。据此推测,CaF2的金属化压力高于300 GPa。还讨论了压力对CaF2光学性质的影响。     

BaF2高压相变行为的第一性原理研究

通过理论计算研究了BaF₂在高压下的晶体结构及物理性质.结果表明,在3.5和18.3 GPa,BaF₂依次经历了Fm■m-Pnma-P6₃/mmc两次结构相变,相变过程伴随着体积的塌缩,均为一级相变.约15 GP时,Pnma相晶轴压缩性出现异常,表现为随压强增大,晶轴b_o轻微增加,a_o略微减小.对其电子态密度进行分析发现,在16 GPa以后,由于F1原子的p_y+p_z与p_x轨道电子离域,导致其带隙随压强增加而降低.在约20 GPa时,Pnma相完全转变为P6₃/mmc相,相变完成.对BaF₂的拉曼峰位随压强变化进行了计算,为其高压拉曼光谱行为提供了相应的理论依据.计算了P6₃/mmc相在不同压强下的声子色散曲线,揭示了其卸压过程中的滞后机制,计算结果还预测该物相至少可以稳定到80 GPa.     

MgSiO_3钙钛矿高温高压特性的第一性原理研究

本文采用第一性原理方法,计算了MgSiO_3钙钛矿在零温和0～150 GPa静水压范围内的晶体结构和弹性模量,并利用准简谐近似Debye模型,拟合三阶Birch-Murnaghan物态方程得到了其高温高压下的热力学性质.通过与现有的理论和实验的结果数据比较,确认在0～2000 K的温度区间内,第一性原理计算结合Debye模型能够较可靠地模拟在下地幔压力范围内MgSiO_3钙钛矿的热力学性质.     

MgSiO3钙钛矿高温高压特性的第一性原理研究

本文采用第一性原理方法,计算了MgSiO3钙钛矿在零温和0 ~ 150 GPa静水压范围内的晶体结构和弹性模量,并利用准简谐近似Debye模型,拟合三阶Birch-Murnaghan物态方程得到了其高温高压下的热力学性质。通过与现有的理论和实验的结果数据比较,确认在0 ~ 2000 K的温度区间内,第一性原理计算结合Debye模型能够较可靠地模拟在下地幔压力范围内MgSiO3钙钛矿的热力学性质。     

外压条件下TaN及Ta-Si-N结构相变的第一性原理研究

利用基于第一性原理密度泛函理论的赝势平面波方法,对TaN、Ta-Si-N的B1型(NaCl)和B2型(CsCl)复合结构在压力下的的力学常数、体积-能量关系、焓-压关系以及声子色散关系图进行了计算和研究,并分析了他们的相对稳定性.根据计算结果,推断在90—110 GPa左右压力时,TaN薄膜将会发生由B1型向B2型的相变,且材料脆性增加;当压力在190—200GPa的范围内,Ta-Si-N薄膜也将发生B1→B2型的结构转变,由延展性材料压变为脆性材料.     

菱铁矿FeCO3高压相变与性质的第一性原理研究

采用平面波赝势方法对菱铁矿FeCO₃高压下的晶体结构, 电子构型和电子结构进行了第一性原理计算研究. 研究过程中考虑了菱铁矿FeCO₃真实的反铁磁(AFM) 自旋有序态, 模拟静水压环境, 从零压逐步加压到500 GPa. 在40---50 GPa压力范围内, FeCO₃发生了从高自旋(HS) AFM态到低自旋(LS) 非磁性(NM) 态的磁性相变, 伴随着晶胞体积坍塌10.5%. FeCO₃在相变前后均是绝缘体, 但是相变后的LS-NM态的Fe²⁺ 离子的3d电子局域化程度更强, 能隙随着压力的进一步增大而逐步增大, 离化程度更高, 直到500 GPa没有发生金属绝缘体相变.     

First-principles study of A7 to simple cubic phase transformation in As

First-principles plane-wave pseudopotential approaches were used to investigate the structural phase transition of As from the rhombohedral structure to the simple cubic (sc) one under high pressure at the transition pressure of 22 GPa, which is also found to be accompanied by a volume reduction of 0.8%. The detailed structural changes during the phase transition were analyzed.     

The S-D transition and high-pressure phase stability of transition metals

Abstract

The recent discovery of a solid-solid phase change in shock-compressed Mo and the theoretical interpretation suggest valence d-electron density as a major influence on structural stability. The relationship of this experimental result to the transition metal structures and alloy phase diagrams will be discussed. Specific predictions will be presented for the locations and slopes of transition metal and transition metal alloy phase boundaries.     

First-principles study of phase transition and elastic properties of ScSb and YSb compounds

The phase transition of ScSb and YSb from the NaCl-type (B1) structure to the CsCl-type (B2) structure is investigated by the ab initio plane-wave pseudopotential density functional theory method. It is found that the pressures for transition from the B1 structure to the B2 structure obtained from the equal enthalpies are 38.3 and 32.1 GPa for ScSb and YSb, respectively. From the variations of elastic constants with pressure, we find that the B1 phase of ScSb and YSb compounds are unstable when applied pressures are larger than 46.3 and 64.2 GPa, respectively. Moreover, the detailed volume changes during phase transition are analyzed.     

Pressure induced phase transition in mercurous chloride

Pressure induced phase transition in mercurous chloride has been studied by high pressure x-ray diamond anvil cell. The change in diffraction pattern started and ended at a pressure of about 5 kbar and 20 kbar respectively. The patterns recorded at 20 kbar could be indexed basing on an orthorhombic lattice, with lattice parametersa=4.23 Å,b=4.54 Å andc=10.44 Å.     

First-principles study of the Li2TiGeO5 ferroelastic phase transition

The electronic structures of ferroelastic lithium titanium germanate are investigated by first-principles method. The structure changes caused by the phase transition are discussed. It is shown that the orthorhombic structure is more stable than the tetragonal structure. The remarkable ferroelastic property largely originates from the Ge–O hybridization, which is enhanced by the Ti–O hybridization. The effective density and potential shows the changes of atoms bonding accompanying the ferroelastic phase transition.     

Pressure-induced phase transition and structural properties of CrO2

The structural properties and pressure-induced phase transitions of CrO₂ have been investigated using the pseudopotential plane-wave method based on the density functional theory (DFT). The rutile-type (P4₂/mnm), CaCl₂-type (Pnnm), pyrite-type (Pā3), and CaF₂-type (Fm-3m) phases of CrO₂ have been considered. The structural properties such as lattice parameters, bulk moduli and its pressure derivative are consistent with the available experimental data. The second-order phase-transition pressure of CrO₂ from the rutile phase to CaCl₂ phase is 10.9?GPa, which is in good agreement with the experimental result. The sequence of these phases is rutile-type?→?CaCl₂-type?→?pyrite-type?→?CaF₂-type with the phase-transition pressures 10.9, 23.9, and 144.5?GPa, respectively. The equation of state of different phases has also been presented. It is more difficult to compress with the increase of pressure for different phases of CrO₂.