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金属腐蚀是一种典型的界面电化学反应过程,在金属腐蚀过程中形成的阳极和阴极活性区会导致金属和溶液界面微区的离子浓度发生变化,进而影响金属腐蚀过程的进行.扫描电化学显微镜(scanning electrochemical microscopy, SECM)作为一种扫描探针技术,不但能够表征金属微区腐蚀的物理形貌变化,而且可以记录样品微区的电化学腐蚀过程并探究腐蚀机理,因此在金属腐蚀与防护领域起着重要作用.本综述从回顾我国资深科学家在SECM技术引入中国后所做的与金属腐蚀与防护相关的初始性科学研究入手,首先简要描述了SECM的组成和在金属腐蚀与防护研究领域所应用到的工作模式,进而系统总结评述了我国科研人员近5年利用SECM在金属腐蚀与防护研究方面所作的贡献,最后对SECM在金属腐蚀与防护研究领域面临的挑战进行展望. 相似文献
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在电化学研究中,经常需要使用许多由被研究对象制作成的金属电极,而这些电极往往没有成品出售,这就需要研究者自己动手来做一些电极,本文以一种用于电化学腐蚀研究的黄铜电极的制作为例,介绍金属电极的制作方法.本方法的特点是:方法简单、材料便宜易寻且为废物利用,制作出的电极结构小巧,质量上能够很好地满足研究工作的需要. 相似文献
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以“暖宝宝”为情境素材,以实验探究和小组讨论为主要活动方式,设计并实施了“金属的电化学腐蚀与防护”的探究教学.在教学设计中,详述了2个核心探究: “暖宝宝”发热原理的探究和金属电化学防护原理的探究,分析了核心探究活动在培养学生高级思维和创新能力方面的功能价值,反思了教学素材的选取和整合、情境创设的全程性及哲学思想的渗透对激发学生学习兴趣、培养学生的创新动机情感和创造力等方面的重要意义. 相似文献
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基于电化学噪声研究缓蚀剂对AA6063铝合金点蚀的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用电化学噪声(ECN)、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)和极化曲线研究了AA6063 铝合金在3% (w) NaCl 溶液中的亚稳态点蚀萌发和稳态点蚀生长特征, 着重探讨了CeCl3、Na2CrO4、8-羟基喹啉(8-HQ)等三种不同类型缓蚀剂对亚稳态和稳态点蚀的抑制机理. 结果表明: 当铝合金表面阴极相(Al-Si-Fe)周边的Al 基体发生局部溶解后,会导致邻近区域pH值升高(>8.4), 引起Ce(OH)3在蚀点中心区的阴极相表面优先沉积, 从而抑制局部腐蚀的阴极去极化过程. 随着缓蚀剂浓度的提高, 亚稳态噪声峰的平均积分电量(q)随之递减, 但噪声峰的平均寿命几乎没有变化, 表明Ce3+并不能直接加速亚稳态蚀点的修复, 但可降低蚀点内金属Al 的溶解速率. CrO42-不但可加速蚀点修复, 还可降低亚稳态蚀点的形核速率. 8-HQ主要与Al3+、Mg2+等形成不溶性螯合物并沉积在铝合金表面,提高了铝基体的全面抗腐蚀能力, 但并不能显著提高其耐点蚀能力. 相似文献
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交流阻抗法作为一种新型的无标记、全程动态、实时分析方法已在细胞研究中得到了广泛应用。本文综述了基于交流阻抗法进行细胞分析的研究新进展,重点对非法拉第阻抗谱法和法拉第阻抗谱法用于细胞分析的原理及应用进行了总结,主要包括交流阻抗法在细胞形态、细胞生长、细胞增殖、细胞凋亡以及作用于细胞的药效和毒性研究中的应用,并对其发展趋势进行了展望。 相似文献
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通过电化学噪声(ECN)、电化学阻抗(EIS)及极化曲线研究了四乙烯五胺(TEPA)在碳化模拟混凝土孔隙液中对Q345B碳钢点蚀的抑制机理. 结果表明: 通过吸附成膜和隔离Cl-离子对钝化膜的侵蚀, TEPA浓度升高导致碳钢点蚀电位正移. 低浓度的TEPA会造成亚稳态蚀点形核速率略微增加, 但会降低其寿命. 随着TEPA浓度增加, 噪声电阻上升, 而亚稳态蚀点寿命和平均点蚀电量则迅速下降, 表明其明显加速了亚稳态蚀点修复, 当TEPA浓度达0.10 mol·L-1时, 噪声峰消失, 基底电流趋于零, 蚀点全面钝化. TEPA不仅能抑制Cl-离子引起的亚稳态和稳态蚀点生长, 还可吸附于钝化膜表面, 抑制膜的均匀溶解. 形貌观察表明, 亚稳态蚀点主要在稳态蚀点周围形核和生长, 并不断为稳态蚀点所吞并, 造成碳钢表面蚀坑一般沿平面而不是垂直方式扩展. 相似文献
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以2,4-二氯酚(2,4-DCP)和2,6-二氯酚(2,6-DCP)为模型污染物,采用循环伏安法和电化学阻抗谱研究了硼掺杂金刚石(BDD)电极上2种氯酚的电催化氧化过程.结果表明,2,4-DCP和2,6-DCP的氧化电位分别为1.55和1.62 V.等效电路拟合结果表明,当极化电位由开路电位提高至1.5 V时,2种氯酚的电荷转移电阻均有明显下降,反应控制步骤为扩散控制步骤.与2,6-DCP相比,2,4-DCP在BDD电极上更容易发生直接电化学氧化. 相似文献
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《Electroanalysis》2003,15(7):629-634
Electrochemical CV and SWV studies were performed with double stranded DNA from salmon testes (dsDNA) and single stranded DNAs, containing 25 nucleotides (ssDNA) directly adsorbed at polycrystalline Au electrodes. A distinct oxidation peak at +730 mV (SWV, scan rate 0.248 V s?1) or at +730 – +780 mV (CV, scan rate from 0.3 to 1 V s?1) was obtained with DNA‐modified Au electrodes after a time‐dependent prepolarization step at a positive potential value, i.e., at +500 mV (vs. Ag|AgCl), performed with the DNA‐modified Au electrodes dipped in a blank buffer solution. No electrochemical activity was detected when ssDNA, containing no guanines, was used for adsorptive modification of the Au electrodes. Electrochemical impedance measurements registered a possible reorganization of the adsorbed DNA layer in the course of the prepolarization, accompanied by decreasing in‐phase impedance. The results enable us to relate the oxidation process observed at the DNA‐modified Au electrodes with the oxidation of guanine residues in DNA. 相似文献
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Yasmin MohamedHassan Leonardo Massa Claudia Caviglia Stephan SylvestKeller 《Electroanalysis》2019,31(2):256-266
In this study we establish an electrochemical platform based on two dimensional (2D) pyrolytic carbon electrodes for in vitro analysis of osteoblast differentiation. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was used to monitor cell adhesion and proliferation, while an electrochemical assay based on square wave voltammetry (SWV) was applied to measure the activity of the differentiation marker alkaline phosphatase (ALP). 2D pyrolytic carbon electrodes were fabricated and used to monitor Saos‐2 cell differentiation for a period of up to 21 days. With this method it was possible to detect a faster increase of ALP activity for cells cultured in medium supplemented with differentiation factors compared to cells cultured in growth medium. This was confirmed by the results obtained with Alizarin Red staining, showing that cells subjected to osteogenic medium went through the entire differentiation process, from proliferation to mineralization. Finally, for the first time, real‐time monitoring of ALP activity combined with continuous EIS monitoring of the same cell culture was achieved using the pyrolytic carbon electrodes. 相似文献
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Angkoonna Pringkasemchai Faegheh Hoshyargar Benchaporn Lertanantawong Anthony P. O'Mullane 《Electroanalysis》2019,31(11):2095-2102
Gold nanostructures were fabricated on a transparent indium tin oxide (ITO) coated PET substrate by an electrodeposition technique from a potassium gold (III) chloride solution for two different types of applications. It was found that the optical transparency of lightweight ITO electrodes could be maintained by depositing isolated gold nanostructures while opening up the use of these electrodes for inner sphere electron reactions, such as hydroquinone oxidation, which are not possible at ITO electrodes. For practical applications the adhesion of gold to the ITO electrode was improved by modifying the ITO surface with 3‐mercaptopropyl‐trimethoxysilane (MPS). Compared to Au/ITO, the Au/MPS/ITO electrode showed vastly improved electrochemical activity toward various electron transfer reactions when subjected to mechanical stress. The biosensing properties of the Au/MPS/ITO electrode was also investigated by studying the detection of immobilized DNA on the Au/MPS/ITO electrode via electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). 相似文献
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电化学阻抗法研究环氧膜的吸水性能罗小雯,陈月辉,李善君,周伟舫(复旦大学高分子科学系,化学系,上海,200433)关键词电化学阻抗谱,环氧膜,交联密度,吸水性能水在环氧树脂膜中有较强的吸收和扩散能力,例如XD7342/TMAB于195℃固化24h,在... 相似文献