《应用电化学基础》

本书是电化学专业入门学习的基础读物,介绍电化学基础理论以及少量常见的应用电化学知识,包括电化学的定义及研究内容、电化学技术应用、电化学史话等;化学电池、电极与电解质溶液,实用电池与电解的应用,电极电势与电池电动势,平衡态电化学,电极过程动力学;电化学测试的基础术语及常用的电化学测试技术;腐蚀电化学的基本原理与术语、金属腐蚀破坏的形态与金属在自然环境中的腐蚀、防腐蚀技术与腐蚀监测等。     

金属腐蚀与防护简谈

本文简要阐明了为什么金属的腐蚀主要以电化学腐蚀的形式出现,剖析了腐蚀过程电化学动力学参数的物理意义,以及金属腐蚀的防护原理、常用的腐蚀防护方法乃至腐蚀过程的一些特殊应用。     

“钢铁电化学腐蚀原理的再认识”项目式教学

以"钢铁电化学腐蚀原理的再认识"为项目，教师用"项目式教学"的方式引导学生深入地认识钢铁电化学腐蚀原理。详细介绍了教师如何确立项目，如何规划项目，如何实施项目。学生在原有金属腐蚀原理的基础上，又学习了氧浓差电池腐蚀，对原电池的原理有了更加深入的理解。根据氧浓差电池腐蚀的特点，学生提炼了一个合理的简易判据来判断氧浓差电池腐蚀。项目结束之后，学生利用思维导图重新构建了金属腐蚀和防护的知识结构。     

电化学的绿色作用

本文从电化学工业、化学电源、金属腐蚀和防护、水的电化学消毒等方面阐述了电化学在绿色化学中的作用及其前景展望。     

丙炔醇对奥氏体不锈钢应力腐蚀的缓蚀作用

丙炔醇对奥氏体不锈钢应力腐蚀的缓蚀作用牛林＊林海潮曹楚南宋光铃（中国科学院金属腐蚀与防护研究所，金属腐蚀与防护国家重点实验室沈阳１１００１５）关键词丙炔醇，奥氏体不锈钢，应力腐蚀，缓蚀作用１９９７－０５－１３收稿，１９９７－０９－０２修回国家自然科学...     

电化学STM技术在金属腐蚀科学中的应用及研究进展

本文介绍了电化学STM在金属腐蚀电化学研究领域的技术优势.其最大特点是可以在金属腐蚀环境中和原子/分子水平上,实时、原位、三维空间观察,并可以通过电位控制表面电极过程.综述了电化学STM在钝化膜结构、缓蚀剂的自组装膜、金属表面原子的活性溶解等揭示腐蚀缓蚀机理的研究领域中所起的重要作用以及最新研究进展.     

一种用于电化学研究的金属电极的制作方法

在电化学研究中,经常需要使用许多由被研究对象制作成的金属电极,而这些电极往往没有成品出售,这就需要研究者自己动手来做一些电极,本文以一种用于电化学腐蚀研究的黄铜电极的制作为例,介绍金属电极的制作方法.本方法的特点是:方法简单、材料便宜易寻且为废物利用,制作出的电极结构小巧,质量上能够很好地满足研究工作的需要.     

液态金属电极的电化学储能应用

液态金属电极电导率高,电极界面容易构建,在充放电过程中可有效避免电极结构形变、枝晶生长等问题,在储能电池领域具有重要应用价值. 本文主要讨论了液态金属电极在液态金属电池、钠硫电池和ZEBRA电池中的应用进展,重点介绍了液态金属电池关键材料体系、充放电机制及电池构型等,评述了液态金属电极储能应用中涉及的熔盐电解质、固态陶瓷隔膜、多场影响因素等方面的重要研究进展,分析了高温密封、腐蚀防护等关键问题,明确了液态金属电极在储能电池应用中的发展方向.     

铜的腐蚀电化学行为及应用综合实验设计

以纯铜为研究对象,采用开路电位、动电位极化曲线和交流阻抗谱（EIS）等电化学方法和扫描电镜（SEM/EDS）技术研究了铜在模拟海水中的腐蚀电化学行为和机理。本实验涉及电解质溶液、原电池和电解池的相关知识,同时还涉及表面形貌及成分分析等相关知识,并将这些知识应用于金属腐蚀研究中,综合性较强,可作为大学本科生二年级或研究生一年级的综合实验教学内容。     

金属在土壤中的腐蚀

由于土壤的组成及结构的复杂性,其腐蚀远比大气腐蚀复杂得多。本文就金属在土壤中的腐蚀作些探讨,特别较详尽地分析土壤中微生物对金属腐蚀的特点及类型。研究表明,参与金属腐蚀过程的细菌,并非本身使金属腐蚀,而是细菌生命活动的结果间接地对金属电化学腐蚀过程产生的影响。随着现代化城乡建设,地下设施日益增多,当今,研究土壤的腐蚀规律及其控制显得格外有意义。     

Study of the electrochemical behaviour of a carbon steel electrode in sodium sulfate aqueous solutions using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

The study of a plain carbon steel (AISI 1020) in Na₂SO₄ aqueous solutions at different concentrations was carried out by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in order to determine the corrosion mechanism and to obtain representative corrosion rates of the system. EIS was used to measure corrosion current densities at high concentrations in the range 0.1–1 wt% Na₂SO₄, but in the low concentration range, from 0.001 to 0.01 wt%, a scattered Nyquist plot was obtained. Other electrochemical techniques, such as polarization resistance (PR), Tafel plots and electrochemical noise (EN), were also used in this analysis. The charge transfer resistance was determined and compared with the PR and noise resistance. Electronic Publication     

Evaluation of corrosion behaviour of selected metallic samples by electrochemical noise measurements

Electrochemical noise (EN) denotes spontaneous fluctuations in potential and current originating from the corrosion processes. In this work, EN was measured for three model metallic materials of known corrosion properties: Al, Fe and Fe30Al. Corrosion behaviour was assessed in neutral, acidic or alkaline solutions containing 4 wt% NaCl. Correlation between the electrochemical noise and corrosion intensity was established on the basis of appropriate treatment of the recorded numerical data and ex situ examination of the specimen surface. The parameter, referred to as EN resistance, allowed relatively simple and rapid evaluation of the corrosion behaviour of the investigated metallic materials.     

Online Monitoring of the Atmospheric Corrosion of Aluminium Alloys Using Electrochemical Noise Technique

In this work, an electrochemical system based on electrochemical noise (EN) technique for online detection and monitoring of atmospheric corrosion of LY12CZ aluminium alloys has been established. A detecting probe and a monitoring instrument with a software have been developed to perform the electrochemical noise measurements with zero resistance ammeter (ZRA) mode. Experimental results show that the atmospheric corrosion behaviour of aluminium could be effectively detected and monitored by the analysis of the electrochemical potential and current noise, also by the noise resistance variation.     

因次分析法在电化学噪声分析中的应用

采用电化学噪声技术,研究了铝合金2024-T3在NaCl溶液中孔蚀过程的电化学噪声特 征.结果表明:电化学噪声的时域数据通过传统的FFT变换后得到的频域曲线SPD的特征参数(W 、、k和fc)均不能单独正确地刻画材料表面孔蚀的强度和趋势.基于因次分析法的基本原理 和对材料腐蚀过程影响因素的分析,从电化学噪声频域曲线SPD的特征参数出发,导出了能正 确表征材料表面孔蚀强度和趋势的两个参数SE和SG.其中,SE正比于孔蚀的强度IS,而SG的意 义仍在进一步的研究之中.     

Q235碳钢缝隙腐蚀的电化学噪声研究

应用电化学噪声和电化学阻抗技术研究Q235碳钢在NaHCO3+NaCl溶液中的缝隙腐蚀行为.结果显示,缝隙腐蚀过程可以被清楚地划分为3个阶段:孕育期、快速转换期和稳定发展期.电化学噪声的特征和噪声电阻在各阶段有着显著的变化.缝隙外、内表面积比(r)对缝隙腐蚀的孕育和发展有着十分重要的影响:r越大,孕育期越长.但是,在缝隙腐蚀稳定发展期,r较小时,缝隙外电极表面处于活性溶解状态,缝隙内外电位差很小,缝隙内腐蚀速率较小;倘如r很大时,则缝隙外电极表面处于钝态,缝隙内外电位差大,最终将导致严重的缝隙腐蚀.     

Experimental correlation between metallographic evaluation and electrochemical noise in intergranular corrosion tests of aluminium alloys

In the present work, the correlation between the metallographic evaluation and electrochemical noise (EN) in intergranular corrosion (IGC) tests of aluminium alloy 2024‐T3 has been analysed. For this purpose, the influence of temperature and hydrogen peroxide concentration on the IGC attack has been studied. Similar IGC was observed between 20 and 40 °C, showing a low dependence with temperature (at least in this range). Hydrogen peroxide was seen to have a strong effect, leading to IGC activation when raising its concentration. The results of the detailed metallographic evaluation of the samples after the tests were analysed together with the EN measured during the tests. The averaged noise resistance was inversely proportional to the depths of the attacks, whereas the average of the parameter so‐called ‘Statistical Noise Power’ was directly related to the IGC degree. The metallographic evaluation and the EN showed a reasonable experimental correlation. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Detection of SCC of 304 NG stainless steel in an acidic NaCl solution using electrochemical noise based on chaos and wavelet analysis

The stress corrosion crack (SCC) of 304 nuclear grade (NG) stainless steel (SS) in 0.5 mol/L NaCl+1.5 mol/L H₂SO₄ was monitored using electrochemical noise (EN) based on chaos theory, statistics and wavelet analysis. The results indicated that the SCC process was divided into three stages according to the transient features in the EN. In the beginning, compared with the sample without applied stress, the enhanced fluctuation amplitude in the electrochemical current noise (ECN) of the stressed samples was attributed to stress-enhanced pitting corrosion and uniform corrosion; then the fluctuations of ECN for all the samples decreased due to a coverage by the corrosion products; however, the ECN fluctuations of stressed sample were larger than the unstressed sample, suggesting that the stress enhanced the SCC initiation and propagation. Chaos analysis revealed that the correlation dimensions increase from 2.1 to 2.5 during the corrosion process, and the applied stress seems increase the complexity and uncertainty of the ECN signal.     

Analysis of electrochemical noise by means of bispectral technique

Nonlinear processes are often encountered in the practice of electrochemical and corrosion measurements. Especially, activation-controlled processes are inherently nonlinear. Taking into account investigations of electrode reactions, linear approximation is a popular approach. In this introductory paper, the possibility of extension of electrochemical noise (EN) measurements to the nonlinear regime is presented. Natural consequence of focusing on nonlinear processes is application of higher-order spectral techniques. Utilization of bispectral representation enables analysis of stationarity and linearity properties of EN. The authors present algorithm enabling assessment of both quantities and also exemplary analysis of noise generated during cathodic polarization, which is important for corrosion protection. Presented at the 4th Baltic Conference on Electrochemistry, Greifswald, 13–16 March 2005. Presented at the 4th Baltic Conference on Electrochemistry, Greifswald, March 13–16, 2005.     

利用充电曲线数据计算钝态金属的腐蚀速度

对 钝态金 属腐蚀体 系推导了 不含近 似处 理的 充电 曲线 方程 式．提 出 了使 用数 值 微分和线性 回归求 解体系电 化学参数 的计算 机方法．     

Advantage of Fractional Calculus Based Hybrid‐Theoretical‐Computational‐Experimental Approach for Alternating Current Voltammetry

The dynamic electrochemical behavior of electroactive species is believed to be represented better by the fractional calculus, because it can consider the history of mass‐transfers of that species near the electrode surface. The elucidation of mathematical fundamentals of fractional calculus has been recently introduced for batteries, supercapacitors and a few voltammetry studies. The working equations for faradaic fundamental and second‐harmonic (SHac) components of alternating current (ac) for ac voltammetry of an electrochemically reversible redox reaction on an electrode of macroscopic diameter have been derived here by using generalized formulae of the fractional calculus. A computation code is written in Python language with a matrix based algorithm developed based on latest, accurate, efficient and stable Grunwald‐Letnikov‐Improved fractional‐order differentiation equation. That computational code is used to find the concealed faradaic fundamental, SHac components of the total current and other double‐layer parameters of experimentally recorded voltammograms of ruthenium(III/II) redox reaction on gold‐disc electrode by a common electrochemical workstation without having inbuilt Fourier transformation features. The amplitude of the computed faradaic current concealed in the experimental data gets enhanced through this hybrid theoretical‐computational‐experimental approach and thus it keeps scope of application and further improvement in electroanalysis.