LCM-splitting sets in some ring extensions

Let be a saturated multiplicative set of an integral domain . Call an lcm splitting set if and are principal ideals for every and . We show that if is an -stable overring of (that is, if whenever and is principal, it follows that and if is an lcm splitting set of , then the saturation of in is an lcm splitting set in . Consequently, if is Noetherian and is a (nonzero) prime element, then is also a prime element of the integral closure of . Also, if is Noetherian, is generated by prime elements of and if the integral closure of is a UFD, then so is the integral closure of .

     

A global pinching theorem for surfaces with constant mean curvature in

Let be a compact immersed surface in the unit sphere with constant mean curvature . Denote by the linear map from into , , where is the linear map associated to the second fundamental form and is the identity map. Let denote the square of the length of . We prove that if , then is either totally umbilical or an -torus, where is a constant depending only on the mean curvature .

     

Radicals and Plotkin's problem concerning geometrically equivalent groups

If and are groups and is a normal subgroup of , then the -closure of in is the normal subgroup of . In particular, is the -radical of . Plotkin calls two groups and geometrically equivalent, written , if for any free group of finite rank and any normal subgroup of the -closure and the -closure of in are the same. Quasi-identities are formulas of the form for any words in a free group. Generally geometrically equivalent groups satisfy the same quasi-identities. Plotkin showed that nilpotent groups and satisfy the same quasi-identities if and only if and are geometrically equivalent. Hence he conjectured that this might hold for any pair of groups. We provide a counterexample.

     

Index of B-Fredholm operators and generalization of a Weyl theorem

The aim of this paper is to show that if and are commuting B-Fredholm operators acting on a Banach space , then is a B-Fredholm operator and , where means the index. Moreover if is a B-Fredholm operator and is a finite rank operator, then is a B-Fredholm operator and We also show that if is isolated in the spectrum of , then is a B-Fredholm operator of index if and only if is Drazin invertible. In the case of a normal bounded linear operator acting on a Hilbert space , we obtain a generalization of a classical Weyl theorem.     

Exactness of one relator groups

A discrete group is -exact if the reduced crossed product with converts a short exact sequence of --algebras into a short exact sequence of -algebras. A one relator group is a discrete group admitting a presentation where is a countable set and is a single word over . In this short paper we prove that all one relator discrete groups are -exact. Using the Bass-Serre theory we also prove that a countable discrete group acting without inversion on a tree is -exact if the vertex stabilizers of the action are -exact.

     

The f-depth of an ideal on a module

Let be an ideal of a Noetherian local ring and a finitely generated -module. The f-depth of on is the least integer such that the local cohomology module is not Artinian. This paper presents some part of the theory of f-depth including characterizations of f-depth and a relation between f-depth and f-modules.

     

Normal bases for Hopf-Galois algebras

Let be a Hopf algebra over a commutative ring such that is a finitely generated, projective module over , let be a right -comodule algebra, and let be the subalgebra of -coinvariant elements of . If is a Galois extension of and is a local subalgebra of the center of , then is a cleft right -comodule algebra or, equivalently, there is a normal basis for over .

     

Simple algebras of Weyl type, II

Over a field of any characteristic, for a commutative associative algebra , and for a commutative subalgebra of , the vector space which consists of polynomials of elements in with coefficients in and which is regarded as operators on forms naturally an associative algebra. It is proved that, as an associative algebra, is simple if and only if is -simple. Suppose is -simple. Then, (a) is a free left -module; (b) as a Lie algebra, the subquotient is simple (except for one case), where is the center of . The structure of this subquotient is explicitly described. This extends the results obtained by Su and Zhao.

     

Proof of the prime power conjecture for projective planes of order

Let be an abelian collineation group of order of a projective plane of order . We show that must be a prime power, and that the -rank of is at least if for an odd prime .

     

The Hopf conjecture for manifolds with low cohomogeneity or high symmetry rank

We prove that the Euler characteristic of an even-dimensional compact manifold with positive (nonnegative) sectional curvature is positive (nonnegative) provided that the manifold admits an isometric action of a compact Lie group with principal isotropy group and cohomogeneity such that . Moreover, we prove that the Euler characteristic of a compact Riemannian manifold or with positive sectional curvature is positive if admits an effective isometric action of a torus , i.e., if the symmetry rank of is .

     

On the class number of certain imaginary quadratic fields

Theorem. Let 2$"> denote an integer, the square-free part of and the class number of the field . Then except for the case , divides .

     

-Weyl's theorem for operator matrices

If is a upper triangular matrix on the Hilbert space , then -Weyl's theorem for and need not imply -Weyl's theorem for , even when . In this note we explore how -Weyl's theorem and -Browder's theorem survive for operator matrices on the Hilbert space.

     

A uniqueness result for harmonic functions

Let , , and suppose is harmonic in and on the closure of . If the gradient of vanishes continuously on a subset of of positive -dimensional Lebesgue measure and satisfies certain regularity conditions, then must be identically constant.

     

Existence of multiwavelets in

For a -regular Multiresolution Analysis of multiplicity with arbitrary dilation matrix for a general lattice in , we give necessary and sufficient conditions in terms of the mask and the symbol of the vector scaling function in order that an associated wavelet basis exists. We also show that if where is the absolute value of the determinant of , then these conditions are always met, and therefore an associated wavelet basis of -regular functions always exists. This extends known results to the case of multiwavelets in several variables with an arbitrary dilation matrix for a lattice .

     

Invariant ideals of abelian group algebras under the multiplicative action of a field. I

Let be a division ring and let be a finite-dimensional -vector space, viewed multiplicatively. If is the multiplicative group of , then acts on and hence on any group algebra . Our goal is to completely describe the semiprime -stable ideals of . As it turns out, this result follows fairly easily from the corresponding results for the field of rational numbers (due to Brookes and Evans) and for infinite locally-finite fields. Part I of this work is concerned with the latter situation, while Part II deals with arbitrary division rings.

     

The strong radical and finite-dimensional ideals

Let be a semi-prime Banach algebra with strong radical (intersection of its two-sided modular maximal ideals). A minimal left or right ideal of is infinite-dimensional if and only if . Thus all minimal one-sided ideals in are finite-dimensional if is strongly semi-simple.

     

Invariant ideals of abelian group algebras under the multiplicative action of a field. II

Let be a division ring and let be a finite-dimensional right -vector space, viewed multiplicatively. If is the multiplicative group of , then acts on and hence on any group algebra . In this paper, we completely describe the semiprime -stable ideals of , and conclude that these ideals satisfy the ascending chain condition. As it turns out, this result follows fairly easily from the corresponding results for the field of rational numbers (due to Brookes and Evans) and for infinite locally-finite fields (handled in Part I).

     

Metacompact subspaces of products of ordinals

Let be a subspace of the product of finitely many ordinals. is countably metacompact, and is metacompact iff has no closed subset homeomorphic to a stationary subset of a regular uncountable cardinal. A theorem generalizing these two results is: is -metacompact iff has no closed subset homeomorphic to a -stationary set where .

     

The stable signature of a regular cyclic action

Let be an odd prime and a smooth map of order . Suppose that the cyclic action defined by is regular and has fixed point set . If the -signature Sign is a rational integer and , then there exists a choice of orientations such that Sign Sign .     

Relative Brauer groups and -torsion

Let be a field and its Brauer group. If is a field extension, then the relative Brauer group is the kernel of the restriction map . A subgroup of is called an algebraic relative Brauer group if it is of the form for some algebraic extension . In this paper, we consider the -torsion subgroup consisting of the elements of killed by , where is a positive integer, and ask whether it is an algebraic relative Brauer group. The case is already interesting: the answer is yes for squarefree, and we do not know the answer for arbitrary. A counterexample is given with a two-dimensional local field and .