Inequalities for a distribution with monotone hazard rate

Summary LetX be a positive random variable with the survival function and the densityf. LetX have the moments μ=E(X) and μ₂=E(X ²) and put ε=|1-μ₂/2μ²|. Put and . It is proved that the following inequalities hold: , for allx>0, ifq(x) is monotone and that , ifq ₁ (x) is monotone. It is also shown that Brown's inequality which holds wheneverq ₁ (x) is increasing is not valid in general whenq ₁ is decreasing. The Institute of Statistical Mathematics     

On the representation of differentiations by Hamiltonians,operating from an algebra of local observable spin systems

Let and be algebras of local and quasilocal observable spin systems corresponding to the group Zr, be a differentiation invariant with respect to displacements. The question of representation of D in the form of formal Hamiltonian formed by the displacements of an elementx ε is considered. It is shown that such a representation exists if the condition holds, where means an element obtained from the elements [T_kX,a] by some r-multiple process of summation. Translated from Matematicheskii Zametki, Vol. 21, No. 1, pp. 93–98, January, 1977.     

Estimate of fourier transforms with respect to the system of generalized eigenfunctions of the Schrödinger operator with Stummel-type potential

Suppose thatА is a nonnegative self-adjoint extension to { } of the formal differential operator−Δu+q(x)u with potentialq(x) satisfying the condition {

Differential inequalities associated with weighted symmetrization processes on the real line

We consider the differential operator in a symmetric intervalJ ofR, where ϕ is the density function of a finite measure supported inJ satisfying a certain regularizing property. Using as main tools left symmetrization with respect to the weight ϕ, and certain measure preserving transformations, we prove differential inequalities involving the differential operators . As applications, we give comparison results for solutions to non-linear differential equations related to the operator, and with Neumann boundary data, generalizing in different ways results by C. Borell in [Bor 85b]. Research supported in part by a Grant from El Ministerio de Educación y Cultura (Spain) PB97-1081, and from La Junta de Andalucía.     

Factorizations of composition formations

It is proved that, if is a singly generated composition formation, where , then is a composition formation. Translated fromMatematicheskie Zametki, Vol. 65, No. 3, pp. 389–395, March, 1999.     

On the word problem and the conjugacy problem for groups of the formF/V(R)

LetF be a free group with at most countable system of free generators, letR be its normal subgroup recursively enumerable with respect to , and let be a variety of groups that differs from and for which the corresponding verbal subgroupV of the free group of countable rank is recursive. It is proved that the word problem inF/V(R) is solvable if and only if this problem is solvable inF/R, and if , then there exists anR such, that the conjugacy problem inF/R is solvable, but this problem is unsolvable inF/V(R) for any Abelian variety (all algorithmic problems are regarded with respect to the images of under the corresponding natural epimorphisms). Translated fromMatematicheskie Zametki, Vol. 61, No. 1, pp. 3–9, January, 1997. Translated by M. I. Anokhin     

Perturbations of an abstract Euler-Poisson-Darboux equation

The stability of the uniform correctness of the Cauchy problem ,t>0,u(0)=u ₀,u′(0)=0 fork>0 with respect to perturbations of the operator is studied. Translated fromMatematickeskie Zameiki, Vol. 60, No. 3, pp. 363–369, September, 1996.     

An operator model for the oscillation problem of liquids on an elastic bottom

This paper deals with the problem of small oscillations in a liquid layer of finite depth under the assumption that the bottom is an elastic medium. The system of equations corresponding to the problem is written out and explained. The main aim of the paper is to recast these equations in the form

Invariant convex sets and functions in Lie algebras

We say that an invariant convex coneW in a Lie algebras is elliptic if its interior consists of elliptic elements of . If such a cone exists, then has a compactly embedded Cartan subalgebra. The first main result, of this paper is a characterization of those Lie algebras, which contain elliptic invariant cones. If is an invariant domain in such a cone, then we characterize the invariant locally convex functions onD by their restrictions to where is a compactly embedded Cartan subalgebra.     

Analytic solutions of the Borel problem

LetF ⊂ ℂ be a dense-in-itself set that has a nonempty connected interior and contains the origin, and let be the space of infinitely differentiable complex-valued functions onF. For some classes of such setsF, we prove that for an arbitrary sequence of complex numbers there exists a functionf ε withf ⁽ⁿ⁾(0)=d _n,n=0, 1, 2, ..., and study the analyticity properties off. The functionf is constructed in the form of various function series, namely, a power series, a series of simple fractions, and an exponential series. Analytic solutions of the multidimensional Borel problem are also considered. Translated fromMatematicheskie Zametki, Vol. 67, No. 4, pp. 525–538, April, 2000.     

The index of singular integral operators in reflexive Orlicz spaces

We consider the Banach algebra of singular integral operators with matrix piecewise continuous coefficients in the reflexive Orlicz spaceL _M ⁿ (Γ). We assume that Γ belongs to a certain wide subclass of the class of Carleson curves; this subclass includes curves with cusps, as well as curves of the logarithmic spiral type. We obtain an index formula for an arbitrary operator from the algebra in terms of the symbol of this operator. Translated fromMatematicheskie Zametki, Vol. 64, No. 3, pp. 383–396, September, 1998.     

The asymptotic expansion of the Feynman integral

We obtain an expansion of in powers of a small parameter, wherex _t is a random process satisfying the stochastic differential equation .Translated fromTeoriya Sluchaínykh Protsessov, Vol. 14, pp. 28–37, 1986.     

Completion of an additive measure to a σ-additive measure by an extension of the space

For an algebra of subsets of a set X there is constructed a set and an algebra of its subsets so that the mapping is a one-to-one correspondence between and and for each additive measure on the measure on defined by the equation is countably additive.Translated from Matematicheskie Zametki, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 71–76, January, 1968.The author wishes to express his deep appreciation to S. V. Fomin, under whose guidance this paper was written.     

New Proof of the Semmes Inequality for the Derivative of the Rational Function

In the open disk of the complex plane, we consider the following spaces of functions: the Bloch space ; the Hardy--Sobolev space ; and the Hardy--Besov space . It is shown that if all the poles of the rational function R of degree n, , lie in the domain , then , where and depends only on . The second of these inequalities for the case of the half-plane was obtained by Semmes in 1984. The proof given by Semmes was based on the use of Hankel operators, while our proof uses the special integral representation of rational functions.     

Equivariant D-modules attached to nilpotent orbits in a semisimple Lie algebra

Let _u be a compact Lie algebra and let _u be its complexification. Let ζ^−1/2 be the inverse on the set of regular elements of _u of a square root of the discriminant of . Generalizing a result of W. Lichtenstein in the case _u = (n, ℂ) or (nℝ), we prove that ∂(q).ζ^1/2 is non zero for all harmonic polynomialsq ∈S( ) \ {0}. This fact is deduced from results about equivariantD-modules supported on the nilpotent cone of .     

The two sides of a fourier-stieltjes transform and almost idempotent measures

For measuresμ on the circleT the quantities , need not be equal; it is shown, however, that they are continuous with respect to each other whenμ varies on bounded subsets ofM(T), the space of measures onT. It is also shown that measuresμ which areɛ-almost idempotent (i.e. ) are the sum of an idempotent measure and of a measureυ satisfying providedɛ is small enough (as a function of ‖μ‖).     

Sharp Jackson-Stechkin inequality inL2 for multidimensional spheres

In this paper we prove the Jackson-Stechkin inequalityE _n−1(f)<ω _n (f, 2τ _n ,λ),n≥1,m≥5,r≥1, f ∈L2( ),f ≢ const, which is sharp for eachn=2, 3, ...; hereE _n−1 (f) is the best approximation of a functionf by spherical polynomials of degree ≤n−1, ω _n (f, τ) is theτth modulus of continuity off based on the translations ,t ∈ ℝ,x ∈ , , is the measure of the unit Euclidean sphere , , andτ _n ,λ is the first positive zero of the Gegenbauer cosine polynomial (cost). Translated fromMatematicheskie Zametki, Vol. 60, No. 3, pp. 333–355, September, 1996. The present paper was discussed at Ural State University in a seminar headed by Professor Arestov. The author is grateful to Professor Arestov and Associate Professor Popov for useful conversations. This research was supported by the State Commission for Higher Education of the Russian Federation under grant No. 2-16-5-31 and by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research under grant No. 93-011-196.     

Necessary and sufficient conditions for inclusion relations for absolute summability

We obtain a set of necessary and sufficient conditions for to imply for 1 <k ≤ s < ∞. Using this result we establish several inclusion theorems as well as conditions for the equivalence of and .     

Nilpotent shifts on manifolds

On the lattice of manifolds of all algebras L we study the operator of nilpotent closure , where is a nilpotent manifold of -algebras. With a given system of identities defining, we construct a system ^*, giving the manifold It is proved that if does not contain , then the lattice of submanifolds of is the double of the lattice of submanifolds of. We describe the free and subdirect indecomposable manifolds of algebras . Let and A be adense retract of B. We denote by (B) the lattice of congruences on B. The theorem is proved: (B) is a complemented lattice if and only if (A) is a complemented lattice.Translated from Matematicheskie Zametki, Vol. 14, No. 5, pp. 703–712, November, 1973.     

The closure diagram for nilpotent orbits of the split real form of E8

Let and be adjoint nilpotent orbits in a real semisimple Lie algebra. Write ≥ if is contained in the closure of . This defines a partial order on the set of such orbits, known as the closure ordering. We determine this order for the split real form of the simple complex Lie algebra, E ₈. The proof is based on the fact that the Kostant-Sekiguchi correspondence preserves the closure ordering. We also present a comprehensive list of simple representatives of these orbits, and list the irreeducible components of the boundaries and of the intersections .