二氧化锰在低温NH3-SCR催化反应上的形貌效应

利用水热法制备了三种不同形貌的MnO₂催化剂,分别为α-MnO₂纳米棒,γ-MnO₂纳米片和δ-MnO₂纳米薄膜组装的微球,考察了纳米材料的形貌结构对催化剂低温选择性催化还原(SCR)反应性能的影响,并利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、N₂吸附-脱附、H₂程序升温还原(H₂-TPR)、NH₃程序升温脱附(NH₃-TPD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)以及拉曼(Raman)光谱等表征手段对催化剂的结构进行了分析。结果表明,在50-250 ℃的温度范围内,γ-MnO₂纳米片表现出最优的SCR催化性能,不仅NOx转化率最高而且N₂选择性也最好。表征结果表明,比表面积并不是影响MnO₂催化性能的主导因素,纳米材料的晶型结构与表面暴露的活性晶面共同决定着催化剂的SCR性能。γ-MnO₂纳米片表面暴露的(131)晶面上不仅存在着大量的配位不饱和Mn离子,从而形成了较多的强酸性位点;而且还存在着较多的活性氧物种。这些活性位点可以使得NH₃和NO_x的活化过程在较低温度下进行。高浓度的流动性氧以及高价态的Mn₃₊和Mn⁴⁺也使得催化剂的氧化还原反应更易发生。     

薤中新的甾体皂苷类化学成分

从薤(Allium chinense G. Don)的乙醇提取物中分离得到6个新甾体皂苷类化合物, 通过波谱数据及理化性质分析, 鉴定其分别为5α-cholano-22,16-内酯-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→2)-[β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→3)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→4)-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷(1)、 6-酮-5α-cholano-22,16-内酯-3-O-β-D-吡喃木糖基-(1→4)-[α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖基-(1→6)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(2)、 (25R)-26-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-5α-呋喃甾烷-3β,26-二醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→2)-[β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→3)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→4)-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷(3)、 (25R)-6-酮-26-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-5α-呋喃甾烷-3β,22α,26-三醇-3-O-α-L-吡喃木糖基-(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(4)、 (25R)-6-酮-5α-呋喃甾烷-3β,22α,24β,26-四醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃木糖基-(1→4)-[α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖基-(1→6)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(5)和(25R)-5α-呋甾-2α,3β,22α, 26-四醇-26-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(6). 化合物1和2的皂苷元骨架在天然产物中首次分离得到. 选用H₂O₂诱导PC12细胞神经氧化损伤模型, 初步考察了6种新的呋甾型化合物的抗氧化活性, 实验结果表明, 化合物3对由H₂O₂诱导的细胞氧化损伤有显著的保护效果.     

纳米氧化锰负载钛基电催化膜制备及其苯甲醇催化氧化性能

利用乳液法制备出MnO_x纳米颗粒,将其负载于微孔管式钛膜制得MnO_x负载钛基电催化膜(MnO_x/Ti).运用X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、循环伏安法(CV)和计时电流法(CA)等表征方法系统考察了不同焙烧温度下MnO_x晶型结构、MnO_x/Ti催化膜电化学性能以及催化氧化苯甲醇的变化规律.结果表明:随着焙烧温度的升高, MnO_x的晶型由初始的Birnessite-MnO₂逐渐转变为K_0.27MnO₂,再由Mn3O4最终转变为α-MnO₂.所得MnO_x/Ti膜中, α-MnO₂晶粒尺寸小于30 nm,结晶度较高,颗粒分布均匀.同时,由于其含有不饱和配位的锰原子和氧空位以及与基体Ti之间存在键合作用,表现出优异的电化学性能和催化性能.以450 ℃焙烧所得的α-MnO₂/Ti为阳极构建电催化膜反应器催化氧化苯甲醇.在反应温度为25 ℃, 50mmol·L^-1苯甲醇水溶液,电流密度为2 mA·cm^-2,停留时间为15 min的条件下,膜反应器苯甲醇转化率达64%,苯甲醛选择性为79%.     

金属掺杂γ-MnO2在乙醇气相选择氧化和CO氧化中的构效关系(英文)

二氧化锰(MnO₂)因具有制备简单、Mn⁴⁺/Mn⁽³⁺)/Mn⁽²⁺)混合的金属价态、可调变的晶型结构(如α,β,γ,δ等)、丰富的表面氧缺陷和活泼的晶格氧等特点,在多相催化领域被广泛用作需氧氧化催化剂.MnO₂催化气相氧化主要集中在催化燃烧或完全氧化,催化性能最佳的MnO₂晶型因反应底物不同会有所差异.由于其氧化催化活性较高、选择性难于控制, MnO₂这类结构丰富、价廉易得的催化剂在气相选择氧化制高附加值化学品中面临着机遇和挑战.乙醇气相选择氧化制乙醛符合绿色和可持续性化学工业的发展需求,被认为是替代传统高污染、高成本的乙烯瓦克氧化工艺的最佳选择.MnO₂在催化乙醇燃烧中应用广泛,不同晶型MnO₂中α-MnO₂的活性最高.我们已经报道了非变价金属离子掺杂α-MnO₂ (M-OMS-2),特别是具有最强...     

不同晶型MnO2纳米阵列的可控合成及其电催化析氧性能

采用一步水热法,通过改变反应温度和硫酸的用量,在碳纸(CFP)表面可控合成了α?MnO₂纳米线和δ?MnO₂纳米片阵列,研究了MnO₂纳米阵列的电催化析氧反应(OER)性能。结果表明,在碱性介质中,α?MnO₂纳米线阵列的OER活性优于δ?MnO₂纳米片阵列,在电流密度为10 mA·cm^-2时,α?MnO₂纳米线阵列的析氧过电位为444 mV(δ?MnO₂纳米片的过电位为522 mV)。通过X射线光电子能谱的表征分析可知,更高含量的Mn³⁺和表面更丰富的氧空位浓度是α?MnO₂纳米线阵列催化活性更高的原因。     

水溶性阳离子型卟啉对层状磷酸锆插层行为的研究

比较了水溶性卟啉meso-四(4-N-甲基吡啶基)卟啉(TMPyP)对具有不同层间距和结构的层状磷酸锆[α-磷酸锆(α-ZrP)和γ-磷酸锆(γ-ZrP)]的插层行为. 研究发现: 相比α-磷酸锆, γ-磷酸锆虽然具有相对较大的层间距, 但同α-磷酸锆一样, TMPyP不能直接嵌入其中. 为嵌入TMPyP, 用预撑剂正丁胺(BA)处理磷酸锆. TMPyP可以嵌入α-ZrP•BA和α-ZrP•2BA(分别为单层丁胺和双层丁胺嵌入α-磷酸锆而形成的插层化合物), 其中, TMPyP以较短的时间与单层排列的丁胺交换而嵌入磷酸锆; 而卟啉却不能嵌入具有较大层间距的γ-ZrP•2BA(双层丁胺嵌入γ-磷酸锆而形成的一种很稳定的形式), 表明预撑剂在磷酸锆层板间的流动性是影响卟啉嵌入的一个重要因素. 另外, 结合XRD、红外、可见吸收等实验数据和α-磷酸锆层板高电荷密度的特性, 我们可推算出: TMPyP以自由碱的形式呈单层倾斜方式紧密堆积在α-磷酸锆层板间.     

圆二色光谱法研究酸度、槲皮素、锌离子对β-酪蛋白二级结构的影响

采用圆二色光谱(CD)技术研究了酸度、槲皮素(Qct)和锌离子对溶液中β-酪蛋白(β-CN)二级结构的影响. 结果表明, 酸度、Qct和锌离子均能够诱导β-CN二级结构发生改变. 在pH 7.6的条件下, β-CN各种结构分别为32.6% α-螺旋, 53.5% β-折叠, 13.9% (-转角和无规卷曲; Qct使β-CN的α-螺旋含量增加、β-折叠含量减少; 锌离子和Zn-Qct配合物导致β-CN的α-螺旋含量大幅度降低, β-折叠含量略有增加, 同时转角和无规的含量也大幅度增加.     

双功能金属有机骨架材料的制备及催化烯烃环氧化性能

采用转动水热晶化的合成方式, 以ZnO为锌源制备了锌钴金属有机骨架(ZnCo-MOF)双功能催化剂材料; 利用X射线衍射(XRD), 傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR), 扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等手段表征了催化剂的形貌、 结构和组成. 该催化剂材料在微波加热辅助催化α-蒎烯和α-甲基苯乙烯双烯烃的空气环氧化反应中, 在不加任何引发剂或共还原剂条件下, 能够高转化率、 高选择性地得到环氧化物. 使用转动水热晶化法(110 r/min转速)合成的ZnCo-MOF催化剂拥有最佳的催化活性, 在对α-蒎烯和α-甲基苯乙烯进行催化环氧化反应时分别得到86.3%和99.8%(摩尔分数)的转化率, 对应的环氧化物的选择性分别达到93.8%和94.3%.     

原位生长的α-Fe2O3/ZnO异质纳米棒阵列对乙醇气体的高选择性检测

采用两步溶液法在陶瓷管上原位生长了ZnO纳米棒阵列,然后以ZnO纳米棒为载体,通过水热法在其表面负载α-Fe₂O₃纳米粒子,生成异质α-Fe₂O₃/ZnO复合纳米材料。 α-Fe₂O₃/ZnO纳米棒直径30~80 nm,长1 μm左右,交叉排列形成纳米棒阵列,α-Fe₂O₃纳米粒子粒径约10 nm,均匀分布在ZnO纳米棒表面。 将纯ZnO和α-Fe₂O₃/ZnO纳米棒阵列制成气敏元件,测试并对比了2种气敏元件的气敏性能,揭示其气敏机理。 结果表明:α-Fe₂O₃纳米粒子的复合显著提高了ZnO纳米棒阵列对乙醇气体的灵敏度和选择性,在工作温度370 ℃时,对100 μL/L乙醇气体的响应值为85.4,是同条件下ZnO器件对乙醇响应值(9.4)的9.1倍,响应时间7 s,最低检出限为0.01 μL/L。 相关研究可以应用于痕量乙醇的快速、高灵敏度和高选择性检测。     

光化学条件下(β-重氮-α,α-二氟乙基)膦酸酯与羧酸的酯化反应

利用可见光促进的O-H插入反应可以在温和条件下实现羧酸与原位生成的(β-重氮-α,α-二氟乙基)膦酸酯的酯化反应, 以良好的产率得到了含有α,α-二氟甲基膦酸酯的羧酸酯类化合物. 该反应操作简单, 对于不同的官能团具有良好的适应性. 因此, 这一反应为α,α-二氟甲基膦酸酯衍生物的合成提供了一种高效的策略.     

4D-proteomics-based breast cancer progressionEI北大核心CSCD

：The occurrence and development of breast cancer go through multiple processes，and the protein molecular information in its evolution is intricate and complex. The 4D-proteomics technique was used to investigate the tumor progression of MMTV-PyMT transgenic mice. The results of protein identification and differential expression analysis showed that a total of 5819 proteins were identified in 4D-proteomics analysis and 5667 proteins were quantifiable. Compared with 3-week-old tumors，a total of 270 differentially expressed proteins were found in the 5-week-old tumors，while 255 proteins in the 7-week-old tumors. We also detected 23 of proteins （such as，Srpk11 and Tinagl1）with gradual up-regulation and 35 of proteins （such as，Pdgfrb， Col1a2 and Col1a1）with gradual down-regulation during the tumor progression，including 3-，5-and 7-weeks. We also performed bioinformatics analysis，including subcellular localization，GO function analysis and pathway enrichment analysis. The results showed that the biological processes（immune regulation and lipid metabolism） and enrichment pathways （metabolic pathway）involved in differentially expressed proteins remained the same during the tumor progression，but some cellular components and molecular functions changed，such as，protein locations were extracellular region and membrane in 5-weeks-old tumors as well as cytoplasm in 7-weeks-old tumors. And important protein functions were protein binding functions in 5-weeks-old tumors as well as nucleotide binding in 7-weeks-old tumors. The acquired protein biomarkers and pathways could help with the accurate exploration of molecular mechanisms of tumor progression，screening of molecular targets of breast cancer，and evaluation of personalized treatment programs. © 2023, Youke Publishing Co.,Ltd. All rights reserved.     

氯离子加速的铜基芬顿反应用于对多巴胺的比色检测EI北大核心CSCD

基于氯离子加速的铜基芬顿反应构建了一种便捷、快速、无标记的比色分析方法并将其应用于多巴胺(DA)的快速检测。Cl^(-)可以加速Cu^(2+)催化过氧化氢(H_(2)O_(2))产生羟基自由基,进而氧化3,3′,5,5′-四甲基联苯胺(TMB)显色,而DA可以与Cu^(2+)配位,使反应速率减慢。基于此,可以利用检测液的颜色及TMB^(2+)在452 nm处吸光度的变化来实现对DA的检测。DA的浓度在0~10μmol/L及10~50μmol/L范围内与TMB^(2+)在452 nm处的吸光度呈线性相关,检出限为0.5μmol/L。本方法已用于实际样品的检测。     

超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱法测定化妆品中秋水仙碱、秋水仙胺和秋水仙碱苷EI北大核心CSCD

建立了一种同时测定化妆品中秋水仙碱、秋水仙胺和秋水仙碱苷的超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱分析方法。试样经正己烷饱和的甲醇-乙腈(1∶1,V/V)混合溶剂超声提取,蜡基类样品经正己烷溶解分散后提取,膏霜类样品在提取液中加入乙酸铵以改善样品乳化情况,提取液离心过滤后,以5 mmol/L乙酸铵(含0.1%甲酸)-甲醇作为流动相梯度洗脱,经ACQUITY UPLC BEH C_(18)色谱柱分离后,采用超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱在电喷雾正离子电离模式和多反应监测(MRM)模式检测。3种化合物在0.5~10μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数大于0.995,检出限为3.0μg/kg,定量限为10.0μg/kg,在10.0,20.0,100μg/kg 3个加标水平下的平均回收率为81.5%~109.2%,相对标准偏差为0.5%~8.7%。该方法适用于化妆品中秋水仙碱、秋水仙胺和秋水仙碱苷的测定。     

Effect of metal ions on enantioseparation of five amino acids by ligand exchange capillary zone electrophoresisEI北大核心CSCD

Enantioseparation of five amino acids was conducted by chiral ligand exchange capillary zone electrophoresis (CLE-CZE). L-His and different metal ions in a certain proportion were used to form chiral recognition complexes. The enantiomers were exchanged with L-His ligands in the complex. Then, the separation of enantiomers was obtained according to the different ligand exchange ability. Effects of the valence and the electron layers of metal ions on the resolution were investigated systemically. Baseline separation of D, L-Phe, D, L-Tyr and D, L-Trp was obtained within 12 min when 4 mmol/L Co(Ⅱ) and 8 mmol/L L-His were added to the phosphate buffer solution (20 mmol/L, pH 8.0). The resolutions of D, L-Phe, D, L-Tyr and D, L-Trp were 1.53, 2.04, and 1.58, respectively. Partial chiral separation of D, L-Ser and D, L-Val was achieved under the same conditions. When Co(II) was used as the central ion, the resolution was better than that of Cu(II) and Zn(II), although they had the same number of electron layers and valence. The resolution of amino acids with Ag(I) as the central ion was not as good as that of divalent metal ions. Metal ions with three electron layers had better separation results than that with four electron layers. © 2023, Youke Publishing Co.,Ltd. All rights reserved.     

Cascaded strand displacement for non-enzymatic target recycling amplification electrochemical detection of SARS-CoV-2EI北大核心CSCD

An electrochemical biosensor for low cost and highly sensitive and selective detection of SARS-CoV-2 target nucleic acid was developed based on two cascaded toehold-mediated strand displacement reactions (TSDRs). Driven by thermodynamic entropy, the target nucleic acid bound to the first toehold region of the probes, leading to the first TSDR and the second toehold region exposed. Subsequently, the methylene blue (MB)-modified signal probe triggered the second TSDR and led to cyclic reuse of the target nucleic acid. Based on cascaded TSDRs, a large number of signal probes were combined on the sensor surface to produce significantly enhanced square wave voltammetry (SWV)electrochemical signals. The results showed that the SWV signal intensity was proportional to the logarithm of the target nucleic acid concentration, and had a good linear relationship in the range of 5×10-14-5×10-10 mol/L with a detection limit of 1.8×10-14 mol/L. Moreover, the sensor could be employed to monitor SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid in 10% serum samples. © 2023, Youke Publishing Co.,Ltd. All rights reserved.     

Pd nanoparticles on boron doped graphene catalyst for electrochemical detection of hydrogen peroxide prepared by electroless deposition methodEI北大核心CSCD

Taking advantage of large conjugated structure and reductivity of boron-doped graphenethe palladium nanoparticles/boron-doped graphene catalyst was prepared by electroless deposition method using boron-doped graphene as reductant and stabilizer. The average size of palladium nanoparticles highly dispersed on the surface of boron-doped graphene was about 6.5 nm. The electrochemical sensor was prepared by modifying the as-formed catalyst on the surface of glassy carbon electrode. The obtained electrochemical sensor exhibited an excellent electrochemical catalytic activity for H2 O2 . It exhibited high sensitivity with the detection limit as low as 830 nmol/L and good linearity in the range of 2.5-300 μµmol/L for detection of H2 O2 . It could be utilized for the determination of H2 O2 in milk samples. © 2022, Youke Publishing Co.,Ltd. All rights reserved.     

Determination of 15 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in lotus root by QuEChERS-high performance liquid chromatographyEI北大核心CSCD

A method for the determination of 15 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbonsPAHsin lotus root by QuEChERS technique combined with high performance liquid chromatography HPLC was established. Lotus root samples were extracted by acetonitrilefiltrated after salting out and purified by C18 and primary secondary aminePSAsorbent. Then the 15 kinds of PAHs were analyzed by HPLC with diode array detector or fluorescence detector after being separated by Athena PAHs column. When the 15 kinds of PAHs were analyzed by diode array detectorthe linear relationships were good between 0.02 and 1.0 mg/L with the correlation coefficients above 0.99 for all the 15 kinds of PAHs. The limits of quantitation were 0.02 mg/kg for allthe average recoveries of the 15 kinds of PAHs were 84.7%-117.1%and the relative standard deviations were 0.73%-11%. When the 14 kinds of PAHsexcept for acenaphthyleneanalyzed by fluorescence detectorthe linear relationships were good between 0.001 and 1.0 mg/L with the correlation coefficients above 0.99 for all the 14 kinds of PAHs except for acenaphthylene. The limits of quantitation were 5 μµg/kg for allthe average recoveries of the 14 kinds of PAHsexcept for acenaphthylenewere 69.1%-111.8%and the relative standard deviations were 0.18%-9.7%. Diode array detector and fluorescence detector are complementary. Diode array detector can analyze all the PAHsbut its sensitivity is relatively low. Fluorescence detector is not suitable for acenaphthylene with weak fluorescence signalbut its sensitivity is much higher than that of diode array detector. This method is suitable for simultaneously and quickly determination of 15 kinds of PAHs in lotus root. © 2022, Youke Publishing Co.,Ltd. All rights reserved.     

高效液相色谱-紫外检测法测定水产品中氨苯砜及其代谢物残留量EI北大核心CSCD

建立了水产品中氨苯砜及其代谢产物N-乙酰氨苯砜残留量同时测定的高效液相色谱-紫外检测法(HPLC-UV)。样品经1%氨化乙腈提取,正己烷去脂,MCX阳离子固相萃取柱富集净化,氮吹浓缩,定容过膜后测定。以甲醇和水为流动相,ZORBAX SB-C_(18)色谱柱梯度洗脱分离,采用保留时间定性,外标法定量。在最佳检测条件下,目标化合物质量浓度在5~200 ng/mL范围内线性关系良好(R^(2)> 0.999),检出限(LOD)为10.0μg/kg,定量限(LOQ)为20.0μg/kg。以不同类型的水产品为空白基质,在20,50,100μg/kg加标水平下,氨苯砜的回收率为70.1%~81.7%,N-乙酰氨苯砜的回收率为84.2%~109.5%,相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于10%。该方法能够实现大批量水产品中氨苯砜及其代谢物残留量的检测。     

An electrochemical aptasensor based on cu2+-induced signal amplification strategy for the detection of ochratoxin aEI北大核心CSCD

A novel electrochemical aptasensor based on a Cu2+-induced signal amplification strategy was constructed for the rapid, sensitive and specific detection of ochratoxin A （OTA）. The OTA aptamer with poly （T） was hybridized with the captured DNA probe on the electrode surface. In the presence of Cu2+ and ascorbic acid, the end of poly（T） was used as a template to in situ grow copper nanoclusters （Cu NCs）. In the absence of targeted OTA, the gold electrodes after decorating Cu NCs were immersed into an acidic environment to release Cu2+. After enriching Cu2+ at a potential of − 1.6 V, the strongest current value of copper was recorded by measuring differential pulse voltammetry （DPV）. In the presence of OTA, the OTA aptamer was tightly bound to the target OTA. The OTA aptamer broke away from the electrode to reduce the growth of Cu NCs, resulting in lower DPV current response. This proposed method was employed to detect OTA with linear range from 0.1 to 50.0 ng/mL, and the detection limit was 41.2 pg/mL. The Cu2+-induced electrochemical aptasensor can be further applied in the analysis of target OTA in coffee solution samples. © 2023, Youke Publishing Co.,Ltd. All rights reserved.     

新型低共熔溶剂的制备及其在分散液-液微萃取水样中臧红T和胭脂红的应用EI北大核心CSCD

建立了一种基于低共熔溶剂的旋涡辅助分散液-液微萃取和高效液相色谱连用检测水样中臧红T和胭脂红染料的方法。制备了一类分别由苄基三乙基溴化铵、苄基三丁基溴化铵、苄基三乙基氯化铵或苄基三丁基氯化铵(氢键受体)和正辛酸(氢键供体)组成的新型疏水性低共熔溶剂。最佳萃取条件为:选取苄基三丁基氯化铵和正辛酸(摩尔比为1∶2)制备的低共熔溶剂为萃取剂,萃取剂用量为75μL,萃取时间为1 min,溶液pH=7,NaCl浓度为3 mg/mL。在最优化条件下,检测臧红T和胭脂红的线性范围为4.8~1000 ng/mL;相关系数(R^(2))分别为0.9981和0.9987;检出限分别为1.5和1.8 ng/mL;定量限均为4.8 ng/mL。将该方法应用于实际水样中臧红T和胭脂红的测定,加标回收率为88.5%~113.6%,相对标准偏差均低于8.8%。