多金属氧簇与倍半硅氧烷簇构筑的簇-簇杂化分子的合成及自组装结构

以Wells-Dawson型多金属氧簇(POM)与T₈型倍半硅氧烷簇(POSS)为构筑单元,通过点击化学反应制备了一种由共价键连接形成的、新型的纳米簇-簇杂化分子(POM-2POSS),并采用核磁共振(NMR)、质谱(MS)和红外光谱(IR)对产物化学结构进行了表征. 由于两个POSS簇连接在POM簇的同一侧,分子呈现“V”形. 同时,利用X射线衍射(XRD)及透射电子显微镜(TEM)表征了簇-簇杂化分子在本体中通过自组装过程形成的超分子结构,结果表明该簇-簇杂化分子形成了有序的层状结构,周期仅为5.1 nm. 本研究获得结果对以这类纳米簇为构筑单元构筑新型杂化分子以及通过自组装过程形成的、有序超分子结构的新型杂化材料的设计及制备提供了一个新的思路.     

多金属氧酸盐的合成化学研究新进展

介绍了近几年来多金属氧酸盐(polyoxometalate,缩写为POM)在合成化学研究方面的新进展,内容包括:由水热合成方法得到的Keggin型[SiNb12O40]16-及其与[Ti2O2]4 连接构成的一维链状结构及[H2Si4Nb16O56]14-簇;Silverton型多阴离子[GdMo12O40]9-及三维网络结构;POM和过渡金属簇通过有机π共轭体系形成的杂化材料;一步法自组装合成的四核轮状的多金属钨酸盐;控制合成得到具有蛋白质尺寸的Mo368氧簇和开普勒环形山结构的多钼氧簇;用{P2W12}杂多阴离子作为建筑块合成出的含有20个Cu中心的大轮型POM;用常规方法突破“氧墙”效应,获得的第一例稳定的含有第三过渡金属元素的多金属氧酸盐;通过逐步合成法用[SiW9O34]10-作为建筑单元合成出二聚和四聚的POM化合物;合成带有均匀孔道结构,具有选择性吸附和分离混合低碳脂肪醇和低碳氰分子的三维网络结构等.     

多金属氧酸盐有机-无机杂化材料

本文总结并评述了多金属氧酸盐 (POMs)有机 无机杂化材料领域的研究进展 ,包括POM有机或有机金属衍生杂化材料 ,电荷转移 (CT)盐和有机 无机复合膜。POM有机或有机金属衍生杂化材料分为四类 ,即 ( 1 )配体作抗阳离子 ,( 2 )配体直接与POM骨架配位 ,( 3)配体与杂金属配位 ,和 ( 4)有机金属作配体。此外 ,本文还描述了POMCT杂化材料 ,它们含有不同的有机p 电子给体 ,例如取代酰胺、芳香胺或富含电子的四硫富瓦烯 (TTF)、双 (乙烯二硫基 )四硫富瓦烯 (BEDT TTF或ET)及二茂铁 ;以及POM装法和电化学生长法。最后 ,本文对这些杂化材料的理性合成与潜在应用进行了展望     

透射电镜三维重构确定杂化嵌段共聚物两相空间分布

多金属氧酸盐(POM)簇-聚合物杂化物是一类兼有无机材料催化性能和聚合物可加工性的,具有优异应用前景的杂化材料。POM簇-聚合物杂化物中两相的空间分布对材料的性能有至关重要的影响。但该材料纳米尺度的3D两相空间形貌和结构无法用常规的透射电镜观察和表征。本文利用透射电镜的三维重构技术,选择合适的参数和方法进行二维图像的采集、图像匹配对中及重构,并完成立体模型的构建,从而通过构建的模型对三种杂化共聚物的两相空间分布进行了确认和分析。     

多金属氧酸盐杂化催化剂光催化降解有机杀虫剂六氯苯

 通过自组装技术制备了一系列多金属氧酸盐-有机胺-分子筛杂化催化剂K5［M(H2O)PW11O39］-(EtO)3Si(CH2)3NH2-MCM-48,用XRD,ICP-AES,UV/DRS,FT-IR,31P MAS NMR和N2吸附等手段对其组成和结构进行了表征,并以有机杀虫剂六氯苯为探针分子考察了其光催化活性. 结果表明,多金属氧酸盐杂化催化剂的光催化降解活性高于直接光解,能有效地降解污水中的六氯苯,且易分离,可循环使用.     

有机阳离子-无机多阴离子复合物:高分子体系中的组装及其自组装

有机阳离子包覆多金属氧簇无机多阴离子形成的具有确定化学组成、两亲性核壳结构超分子复合物,具有易于调控和集成有机和无机组分结构与功能的特性.以此类复合物为预组装体的自组装和高分子功能杂化材料展现了一类具有多方面构筑超分子组装体的新型构筑基元体系.如何实现预组装体复合物在结构稳定、具有良好加工性基材中的组装和功能化成为这一领域的重要研究内容.本文系统地总结了基于此类超分子复合物的高分子纳米复合材料和溶液中组装方面的研究进展与发展趋势.     

用于氢键组装的星形光电材料的合成与表征

合成了一系列具有光电活性的星状共轭分子, 并在端基上引入了不同个数或不同类型的氢键基团. 包括端基上分别带有1, 2和3个羧酸基团的星状芴分子, 以及结构更为刚性的3个端基均为2,4-二胺基三嗪环的三聚茚分子, 以此形成一个系列的分子结构, 便于进行系统性研究. 同时我们对这些星状分子进行了紫外和荧光光谱的表征, 发现星状核和长烷基侧链能有效地阻止分子间π-π堆积和增大固态薄膜的无定形态. 最终这些功能性分子将有望由氢键诱导在石墨或者金属表面形成有序的自组装结构.     

多金属氧酸盐及其溶液自聚集行为研究进展

多金属氧酸盐(POM)是一类由过渡金属与氧原子桥连而成的阴离子簇合物,由于其特殊的分子结构及优异的物理化学性质,使其在催化、医药、材料科学、表面化学、超分子化学等领域有广泛的应用价值。 POM在稀的水溶液中能够发生自聚集,形成类似两亲分子溶液中的“有序聚集体结构”,赋予其新的结构和性质,以期开发出新型纳米器件及在催化、药物等领域得到应用。 本文介绍了POM的主要结构、性质和近年来的应用,阐述了其在溶液中自聚集行为的研究状况和新进展。     

聚合物与多金属氧酸盐簇杂化发展新型的功能材料

随着学科之间相互交叉渗透的发展,兼有无机材料的功能性和有机材料的可加工型的新型杂化材料显示出了巨大的应用前景。本篇论述介绍本研究组在过去几年里,将多金属氧酸盐簇(Polyoxometalates)与我们熟知的聚合物通过共价键相连接制备杂化物(Polyoxometalate-Polymer Hybrids,PPHs)的研究结果,目的是在保证POMs簇合物特殊功能的前提下,还赋予杂化物良好的可加工性能,开发高附加值的功能杂化材料。通过对含PPHs的合成和超分子聚集体自组装行为的研究工作,将POMs簇合物化学、聚合物化学和超分子科学的相关知识融合在一起,并在这三个传统研究方向的交叉点上开辟了一个新的突破领域,该研究成果为先进功能材料的制备提供了一个新的思路。     

有机-无机多金属氧酸盐[CTMA]_6SiW_(11)NiO_(39)的合成及其光催化性能研究

多金属氧酸盐(POM)是指由多金属杂原子按一定的结构通过氧原子配位桥联而成的一类化合物的总称,按照阴离子结构可将其分为Keggin、Dawson、Anderson、Waugh等多种类型[1].     

Macromolecule-to-Amphiphile Conversion Process of a Polyoxometalate-Polymer Hybrid and Assembled Hybrid Vesicles

We report our findings on the macromolecule-to-amphiphile conversion process of a polyoxometalate-polymer hybrid and the assembled hybrid vesicles formed by aggregation of the hybrid amphiphile. The polyoxometalate-polymer hybrid is composed of a polyoxometalate (POM) cluster, which is covered by five tetrabutylammonium (Bu(4) N(+) ) countercations, and a polystyrene (PS) chain. Through a cation-exchange process the Bu(4) N(+) countercations can be replaced by protons to form a hybrid amphiphile composed of a hydrophilic, protonated POM cluster and a hydrophobic PS chain. By implementing a directed one-dimensional diffusion and analyzing the diffusion data, we confirmed that the diffusion of solvated protons rather than macromolecules or aggregates is the key factor controlling the conversion process. Once the giant hybrid amphiphiles were formed, they immediately assembled into kinetically favored vesicular aggregates. During subsequent annealing these vesicular aggregates were transformed into thermodynamically stable vesicular aggregates with a perfect vesicle structure. The success in the preparation of the POM-containing hybrid vesicles provides us with an opportunity of preparing POM-functionalized vesicles.     

Macromolecule-to-Amphiphile Conversion Process of a Polyoxometalate–Polymer Hybrid and Assembled Hybrid Vesicles

We report our findings on the macromolecule-to-amphiphile conversion process of a polyoxometalate–polymer hybrid and the assembled hybrid vesicles formed by aggregation of the hybrid amphiphile. The polyoxometalate–polymer hybrid is composed of a polyoxometalate (POM) cluster, which is covered by five tetrabutylammonium (Bu₄N⁺) countercations, and a polystyrene (PS) chain. Through a cation-exchange process the Bu₄N⁺ countercations can be replaced by protons to form a hybrid amphiphile composed of a hydrophilic, protonated POM cluster and a hydrophobic PS chain. By implementing a directed one-dimensional diffusion and analyzing the diffusion data, we confirmed that the diffusion of solvated protons rather than macromolecules or aggregates is the key factor controlling the conversion process. Once the giant hybrid amphiphiles were formed, they immediately assembled into kinetically favored vesicular aggregates. During subsequent annealing these vesicular aggregates were transformed into thermodynamically stable vesicular aggregates with a perfect vesicle structure. The success in the preparation of the POM-containing hybrid vesicles provides us with an opportunity of preparing POM-functionalized vesicles.     

Self-assembly of organic-inorganic hybrid amphiphilic surfactants with large polyoxometalates as polar head groups

Mn-Anderson-C6 and Mn-Anderson-C16, A type of inorganic-organic hybrid molecules containing a large anionic polyoxometalate (POM) cluster and two C6 and C16 alkyl chains, respectively, demonstrate amphiphilic surfactant behavior in the mixed solvents of acetonitrile and water. The amphiphilic hybrid molecules can slowly assemble into membrane-like vesicles by using the POM clusters as polar head groups, as studied by laser light scattering and TEM techniques. The hollow vesicles have a typical bilayer structure with the hydrophilic Mn-Anderson cluster facing outside and long hydrophobic alkyl chains staying inside to form the solvent-phobic layer. Due to the rigidity of the POM polar heads, the two alkyl tails have to bend significantly for the vesicle formation, which makes the vesicle formation more difficult compared to some conventional surfactants. This is the first example of using hydrophilic POM macroions as polar head groups for a surfactant system.     

Reinvestigation of liquid crystalline property of dimesogenic compound consisting of cholesterol and cyanobiphenyl

The dimesogenic compound consisting of cholesterol and cyanobiphenyl mesogens interlinked byω-oxyalkanoyl spacer was synthesized.The mesomorphic properties were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),polarizing optical microscopy(POM),and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The experimental results indicated that this compound exhibited mesophase over a much wider temperature range and a new mesophase blue phase(BP).Focal conic domains(FCDs) and droplets texture to the smectic A phase(SA),oily streaks...     

Reversible Light‐Driven Polymerization of Polyoxometalate Tethered with Coumarin Molecules

A new photosensitive polyoxometalate (POM) organic–inorganic hybrid compound has been prepared by covalently tethering coumarin moieties onto a Mn–Anderson cluster. This compound has been fully characterized by ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, FTIR, and UV/Vis spectroscopy, and ESI‐MS. This organic–inorganic hybrid compound can undergo reversible light‐driven polymerization and this process has been characterized in detail.     

Synthesis and Characterization of a Thermoresponsive Polyoxometalate–Polymer Hybrid

We report the synthesis of the first organo‐POM with thermoresponsive properties. Our concept will provide chemists with a new tool to design POMs whose solubility is reversibly controllable through an external stimulus. POM–polymer TBA₇[POM]‐poly(N,N‐diethylacrylamide) (POM–PDEAAm), was prepared by grafting PDEAAm‐NH₂ (obtained by RAFT polymerization) onto the activated Dawson acyl‐POM, α₂‐[P₂W₁₇O₆₁SnCH₂CH₂C(?O)]^6?. Extensive MS analysis was used to monitor the chain‐functionalization steps and to confirm the formation of the hybrid. Aqueous solutions of the (NH₄)₇[POM–PDEAAm] exhibited a LCST of 38 °C. Thus, the solubility/aggregation of the hybrid was reversibly controlled by changing the temperature. Above 38 °C, the solution became cloudy, and cleared again upon cooling. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) revealed the formation of small aggregates in the range 100 nm. We assumed that the charged POM head units prevented the formation of the larger‐scattering aggregates that are usually observed for PDEAAm, and promoted the formation of micelle‐like structures. The conjugate exhibited a temperature transition, which was different from that of the polymer and depended on the counterions associated with the POM. This result demonstrates the potential for merging organic (in this case, polymer) and inorganic structures to afford materials that exhibit new properties.     

Synthesis and characterization of a thermoresponsive polyoxometalate-polymer hybrid

We report the synthesis of the first organo-POM with thermoresponsive properties. Our concept will provide chemists with a new tool to design POMs whose solubility is reversibly controllable through an external stimulus. POM-polymer TBA(7)[POM]-poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide) (POM-PDEAAm), was prepared by grafting PDEAAm-NH(2) (obtained by RAFT polymerization) onto the activated Dawson acyl-POM, α(2)-[P(2)W(17)O(61)SnCH(2)CH(2)C(=O)](6-). Extensive MS analysis was used to monitor the chain-functionalization steps and to confirm the formation of the hybrid. Aqueous solutions of the (NH(4))(7)[POM-PDEAAm] exhibited a LCST of 38 °C. Thus, the solubility/aggregation of the hybrid was reversibly controlled by changing the temperature. Above 38 °C, the solution became cloudy, and cleared again upon cooling. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) revealed the formation of small aggregates in the range 100 nm. We assumed that the charged POM head units prevented the formation of the larger-scattering aggregates that are usually observed for PDEAAm, and promoted the formation of micelle-like structures. The conjugate exhibited a temperature transition, which was different from that of the polymer and depended on the counterions associated with the POM. This result demonstrates the potential for merging organic (in this case, polymer) and inorganic structures to afford materials that exhibit new properties.     

Mechanism of N-octadecyl-N1-maleoyl-L-phenylalanine self-assembled into supramolecular structures

N-Octadecyl-N1-maleoyl-L-phenylalanine （ODMA-L-Phe） was synthesized through the condensation, deprotection and acid- ylation reaction of BOC-L-phenylalanine, octadecylamine and maleic anhydride. ODMA-L-Phe can self-assemble in some organic solvents and turned them into thermally reversible physical supramolecular organogels. The morphology of ODMA-L-Phe aggregates was characterized by polarized optical microscopy （POM） and field emission scanning electron microscope （FE-SEM）. The aggregates of ODMA-L-Phe were needle-like fibrils with diameters of approximately 100-200 nm. The mechanism of ODMA- L-Phe self-assembly in organic solvents was investigated using XH NMR and circular dichroism （CD）. The results indicated that hydrogen bonding was one of the main driving forces for the self-assembly of ODMA-L-Phe.     

Asymmetric Hybrid Polyoxometalates: A Platform for Multifunctional Redox‐Active Nanomaterials

Access to asymmetrically functionalized polyoxometalates is a grand challenge as it could lead to new molecular nanomaterials with multiple or modular functionality. Now, a simple one‐pot synthetic approach to the isolation of an asymmetrically functionalized organic–inorganic hybrid Wells–Dawson polyoxometalate in good yield is presented. The cluster bears two organophosphonate moieties with contrasting physical properties: a chelating metal‐binding group, and a long aliphatic chain that facilitates solvent‐dependent self‐assembly into soft nanostructures. The orthogonal properties of the modular system are effectively demonstrated by controlled assembly of POM‐based redox‐active nanoparticles. This simple, high‐yielding synthetic method is a promising new approach to the preparation of multi‐functional hybrid metal oxide clusters, supermolecular systems, and soft‐nanomaterials.