二氧化钛-石墨烯复合物的制备及其光催化性质

以氧化石墨和商业用二氧化钛为前驱物,在150℃水热条件下制备了二氧化钛-石墨烯复合物,利用XRD、Raman、SEM、TEM和低温N2吸附-脱附测试对复合物的结构和形貌进行了表征。以亚甲基蓝溶液模拟染料废水,研究了二氧化钛-石墨烯复合物在紫外光及可见光下的光催化效果,结果表明,该复合物的光催化性能较之商业用二氧化钛有较大提高。对光催化机理的研究表明,二氧化钛-石墨烯复合物光催化性能提高的原因是其对于染料分子的吸附能力提高、吸光能力增强,并且复合物中电荷分离效率也有很大提高。     

还原氧化石墨烯/TiO2纳米复合物制备及其光催化性能

采用一步水热法制备了还原氧化石墨烯-二氧化钛(RGO-P25)纳米复合物.通过透射电子显微镜(TEM)、傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、X射线衍射(XRD)及紫外-可见漫反射谱(UVVisDRS)对复合材料的结构和光电性能进行了表征.在紫外光照和可见光照条件下,研究了不同复合比例的复合物的光催化降解甲基蓝(MB)的性能.结果表明:在水热过程中氧化石墨烯被还原,通过静电引力相互作用得到了具有较高缺陷的还原氧化石墨烯复合物.随着RGO含量的增加,复合物的禁带宽度由3.00 eV变到2.27eV,复合物的导电性增强.在可见光和紫外光光照条件下, 30 min内1%(w,质量分数)RGO-P25光催化降解甲基蓝的效率都超过了80%.紫外光照条件下, 1%RGO-P25纳米复合物催化降解N3染料, cis-Ru(H₂dcbpy)₂(NCS)₂ (H₂dcbpy = 4, 4'-二羧酸-2, 2'-联吡啶), 30 min内63%(摩尔分数)的染料被降解.与P25(75%锐钛矿, 25%金红石)相比,石墨烯的加入大大提高了光催化效率,有效抑制了电子-空穴对的复合.     

Au/BiOBr/石墨烯复合物的制备及其苯酚降解光催化性能

采用水热法和多巴胺还原法制备了Bi OBr、Bi OBr/石墨烯和Au/Bi OBr/石墨烯光催化剂,并利用扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、光致发光光谱(PL)和紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-vis DRS)等方法表征其形貌、相结构、光谱吸收性质以及组成结构。在可见光照射下,通过对水相中苯酚的降解,考察了Au/Bi OBr/石墨烯复合光催化剂活性。结果表明,由于量子效率的提高、带隙能的降低(2.25 e V)以及Au表面等离子体共振,复合光催化剂表现出比纯Bi OBr更高的光催化活性,Au/Bi OBr/石墨烯复合物在180 min内对苯酚降解率可达到64%。     

TiO2/氧化石墨烯光催化降解亚甲基蓝性能研究

理想的石墨烯具有二维平面结构,其具有良好的机械性能、热导率、高电子迁移率和量子霍尔效应。本文以改进的Hummers法制得氧化石墨烯(Graphene Oxide),超声处理和水热法制备了氧化石墨烯(GO)负载量分别为1.0 wt%、1.5 wt%,2.0 wt%,2.5 wt%的TiO_2/GO复合材料,并通过XRD、TEM等表征手段观察了复合材料的晶相和结构,探讨光催化降解亚甲基蓝性能。结果表明:较之TiO_2,复合材料均具有更大的表面积、更好的亲水性和更强的光催化性能;反应浓度均为2 g·L~(-1)的复合材料,光催化降解10 ppm亚甲基蓝,氧化石墨烯负载量为1.5 wt%的TiO_2/GO复合材料,1 h光催化降解率可达86%,效果最佳。TiO_2/GO复合材料吸附容量大,稳定性良好,能够高效光催化降解偶氮型染料,有望在进一步改良性能后广泛应用于降解工业废水领域。     

CdS/石墨烯纳米复合物的可见光催化效率和抗光腐蚀行为

制备了一系列CdS纳米晶/石墨烯(CdS/GR)复合物,并在可见光照条件下评价了其光催化降解亚甲基蓝的光催化效率和抗光腐蚀行为. 研究表明,石墨烯的引入加速了CdS纳米晶(NCs)光生电子的迁移速率,抑制了其光生电子-空穴的复合,有效改善了其光催化降解有机污染物的性能. CdS/GR复合物中的石墨烯含量显著影响其光催化效率,其中石墨烯含量为4.6%的光催化剂效率最高,其光电流是CdS NCs的2.3倍. 利用光电化学和X射线衍射技术进一步证实,石墨烯的引入抑制了CdS NCs光腐蚀的发生,提高了CdS/GR复合物的光催化稳定性.     

氧化石墨烯/ZnO光催化剂制备及其降解抗生素性能

采用共沉淀法合成氧化石墨烯(GO)/ZnO片层复合光催化剂.通过傅里叶变换红外光谱、X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜及紫外-可见漫反射光谱对复合光催化剂的结构和形貌进行表征.实验结果表明,ZnO颗粒附着在片层GO表面,复合光催化剂在可见光区的吸收强度增大.当可见光照射180 min,GO的加入量为12 mg时,GO/ZnO(...     

纳米片构建的花状ZnO和CdS/ZnO复合物的制备及其光催化性能测试

在乙二醇(EG)和水组成的二元溶剂热体系中,通过Zn(NO_3)_2·6H_2O和尿素的水热反应及其后续的退火处理,制备了纳米片组装的花状ZnO。以花状ZnO为基底,采用直接沉淀法,制备了CdS/ZnO复合物。在可见光照射下,研究了所制备的ZnO和CdS/ZnO复合物降解结晶紫水溶液的光催化性能。结果表明,相对于ZnO,CdS/ZnO复合物在400～700 nm区间产生了新的吸收,对结晶紫可见光降解具有好的催化效果,此外,CdS/ZnO复合物作为光催化剂具有较好的稳定性和重复使用性,可望用于污水处理。     

ZnO/Ag微米球的合成与光催化性能

用微波辅助多元醇法对预先制备的ZnO微米球进行修饰,合成了载银氧化锌微米球（ZnO/Ag）. 利用X射线衍射仪、场发射扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、X射线光电子能谱仪、紫外-可见双光束分光光度计和光致发光光谱仪等对样品的结构、形貌和光学性能进行了表征. 在紫外光照射下,通过亚甲基蓝的降解反应研究了样品的光催化活性. 结果表明,所制备的ZnO/Ag微米球是由面心立方的Ag纳米颗粒附着在纤锌矿结构的ZnO球表面形成;与ZnO相比,ZnO/Ag的紫外-可见光吸收光谱发生明显红移,在紫外和可见光范围均有较强的吸收;随着Ag含量的增加,ZnO/Ag荧光光谱强度先减弱后增强;与ZnO相比,ZnO/Ag的光催化活性明显提高,AgNO₃ 浓度为0.05 mol/L时制得的ZnO/Ag光催化活性最高.     

Fe-CuS/还原氧化石墨烯(RGO)的制备及其光催化性能

以氯化铜(CuCl_2·2H_2O)、硫脲((NH2)2CS,Tu)、1,2-丙二醇(1,2-PG)、氯化铁(FeCl_3·6H_2O)及氧化石墨烯(GO)为原料,通过溶剂热法制备了具有可见光活性的Fe-CuS/RGO复合材料。采用XRD、SEM、TEM、Raman、XPS、TG、UV-Vis等手段对产品进行了表征,并以亚甲基蓝(MB)为目标降解物对其可见光催化活性进行了研究。光催化结果表明:在汞灯(150 W)下照射140 min,CuS、CuS/RGO和Fe-CuS/RGO对MB的脱色率分别为41.2%、81.5%和90.6%。Fe-CuS/RGO对MB的降解效率较CuS/RGO和CuS有较大提升,可能原因是Fe元素有利于电荷在CuS与RGO界面间传输,降低了光生电子-空穴对的复合几率,进而提高了光催化活性。     

Fe-CuS/还原氧化石墨烯(RGO)的制备及其光催化性能

以氯化铜（CuCl₂·2H₂O）、硫脲（（NH₂）₂CS,Tu）、1,2-丙二醇（1,2-PG）、氯化铁（FeCl₃·6H₂O）及氧化石墨烯（GO）为原料,通过溶剂热法制备了具有可见光活性的Fe-CuS/RGO复合材料。采用XRD、SEM、TEM、Raman、XPS、TG、UV-Vis等手段对产品进行了表征,并以亚甲基蓝（MB）为目标降解物对其可见光催化活性进行了研究。光催化结果表明：在汞灯（150 W）下照射140 min,CuS、CuS/RGO和Fe-CuS/RGO对MB的脱色率分别为41.2%、81.5%和90.6%。Fe-CuS/RGO对MB的降解效率较CuS/RGO和CuS有较大提升,可能原因是Fe元素有利于电荷在CuS与RGO界面间传输,降低了光生电子-空穴对的复合几率,进而提高了光催化活性。     

水热合成掺Fe氧化锌复合材料及其光催化活性

以Zn(Ac)2•2H2O、Fe(NO3)3•9H2O和NaOH为原料,采用水热法合成了Fe掺杂ZnO复合材料。并用x射线衍射和扫描电子显微镜技术对合成样品的结构和形貌进行了表征,Fe掺杂ZnO合成产物为直棒状,直径为500 nm,长度为3 µm左右。样品的紫外可见漫反射分析,在300~500 nm紫外可见光区域均有强的吸收。利用Fe掺杂ZnO作为光催化剂降解有机染料,发现对于光催化降解有机染料有较好的降解功能,且光降解性能优于纯ZnO材料。     

ZnO/ZnSe复合纳米结构的制备及可见光光催化性能

通过热水解法, 以氧化锌为模板, 成功制备出形貌均一的ZnO/ZnSe复合纳米结构. 为了对比不同O/Se比对光催化性能的影响, 保持其它反应参数不变, 调节还原剂水合肼的用量, 得到不同硒化程度的ZnO/ZnSe复合纳米结构. 采用场发射扫描电子显微镜、 X射线衍射仪和透射电子显微镜对样品的形貌及结构进行了表征, 通过测试该复合结构对亚甲基蓝的可见光催化降解评估了其光催化效率. 结果表明, 与纯ZnO比, ZnO/ZnSe复合结构在可见光区域和紫外光区域的光吸收范围变宽, 显示出较高的光催化效率. 原因在于ZnSe导带上的电子在扩散势能的作用下迁移到ZnO的导带上, 而空穴仍保留在ZnSe价带, 这样有助于光生电子和空穴对的分离, 降低其复合机率, 从而提高ZnO的光催化效率.     

石墨烯/聚苯胺复合材料的制备及其电化学性能

以苯胺和氧化石墨烯(GO)为原料, 采用电化学方法制备了石墨烯/聚苯胺(GP)复合材料. 利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、拉曼(Raman)光谱、X射线光电子能谱分析(XPS)对其结构、微观形貌进行了表征,并对复合材料电化学性能进行了测试. 结果表明, 复合材料保持了石墨烯的基本形貌, 聚苯胺颗粒均匀地分散在石墨烯表面, 复合材料在500 mA·g^-1的电流密度下比电容达到352 F·g^-1, 1000 mA·g^-1下比电容为315 F·g^-1, 经过1000 次的充放电循环后容量保持率达到90%, 远大于石墨烯和聚苯胺单体的比电容. 复合材料放电效率高, 电解质离子易于在电极中扩散和迁移.     

Preparation, characterization of the Ta-doped ZnO nanoparticles and their photocatalytic activity under visible-light illumination

This paper describes a novel catalyst of the Ta-doped ZnO nanocrystals prepared by a modified polymerizable complex method using the water-soluble tantalum precursor as the sources of Ta. The catalysts were characterized by means of various analytical techniques as a function of Ta content (x=0–4 mol%) systematically. A remarkable advantage of the results was confirmed that dopant Ta enhanced the visible-light absorption of ZnO and the low-solubility tantalum doping could restrain the growth of crystal and minish the particle size. The relationship between the physicochemical property and the photocatalytic performance was discussed, and it was found that the photocatalytic activity in the photochemical degradation of methylene blue under visible-light irradiation (λ420 nm) was dependent on the contents of the dopant, which could affect the particle size, concentration of surface hydroxyl groups and active hydrogen-related defect sites, and the visible-light absorption. The highest photocatalytic activity was obtained for the 1.0 mol% Ta-doped ZnO sample.     

复合Ag/ZnO分级结构微球的制备及其光催化性能研究

采用化学沉淀法制备ZnO微球,利用柠檬酸三钠（TCD）避光还原硝酸银在ZnO表面沉积银粒子制备Ag/ZnO复合材料.利用XRD、SEM、TEM、EDS、FTIR、UV-vis DRS、PL、BET等对Ag/ZnO的结构、组分、形貌及光谱性质进行了表征,通过紫外及可见光照降解甲基橙溶液评价样品的光催化性能.结果表明：ZnO纳米微球是由ZnO纳米片相互交错构筑而成的具有丰富孔道的分级结构,Ag纳米粒子均匀沉积在ZnO纳米片上.Ag的沉积显著增加了ZnO的可见光吸收,猝灭了ZnO荧光,提高了ZnO催化活性.     

Preparation Bi2S3-TiO2 heterojunction/polymer ?ber composites and its photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under Xe lamp irradiation

This paper presented the preparation of Bi₂S₃-TiO₂ heterojunction/polymer ?ber composites and their performance of the degradation of methylene blue using Xe lamp irradiation. The polysulphone (PSU)/styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer (SMA) ?bers were prepared by electrospinning. Bismuth ions were introduced onto the surface of polymer ?ber by the coordinating of carboxyl of SMA, sul?de ions were incorporated to react with bismuth ions under hydrothermal condition. TiO₂ was deposited on the surface of the Bi₂S₃ by the reaction of titanium ions with urea also under hydrothermal condition. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) images revealed that Bi₂S₃-TiO₂ heterojunction was uniformly distributed on the surface of PSU/SMA ?bers. The ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra (UV/VIS) showed that the Bi₂S₃-TiO₂ heterojunction/polymer ?ber composites possess good visible-light response ability. The degradation rate of methylene blue in Bi₂S₃-TiO₂ heterojunction/polymer ?ber composites system was considerably higher than that of Degussa P25 or Bi₂S₃-TiO₂ heterojunction system under Xe lamp irradiation.     

Synthesis and Electrochemical Performance of Co3O4/Graphene

Co3O4/reduced graphene oxide composites were synthesized via a simple electrochemical method from graphene oxide and Co（NO3）2·6H2O as raw materials.Co3O4 nanoparticles with sizes of around 30-50 nm were distributed on the surface of graphene nanosheets confirmed by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.Electrochemical properties of Co3O4/graphene composite were tested by cyclic voltammetry,galvanostatic charge-discharge,and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.The Co3O4/reduced graphene oxide composite was used as the pseudocapacitor electrode in the 2 mol/L NaOH aqueous electrolyte solution.The Co3O4/reduced graphene oxide composite electrode exhibited a specific capacitance of 357 F/g at a current density of 0.5 A/g in a three-electrode system.72％ of capacitance was retained when the current density increased to 3 A/g.The Co3O4/reduced graphene oxide composite prepared electrodes show a high rate capability and excellent long-term stability.After 1000 cycles of charge and discharge,the capacitance is still maintained 87％ at a current density of 1 A/g,indicating that the composite is a oromising alternative electrode material used for supercapacitors.     

n-p异质结型CdS/BiOBr复合光催化剂的制备及性能

采用两步水热法制备了CdS/BiOBr复合光催化剂,并通过X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)等手段对其物相、表面结构、光响应性等性质进行了表征.结果表明,合成的CdS/BiOBr复合材料是n-p型异质结,由CdS颗粒裹附在BiOBr纳米球的表面构成,这种结构不仅具有良好的可见光响应范围,且有利于光生电子的迁移,并有效地抑制光生电子/空穴对的复合.通过光催化降解模拟染料废水和光催化脱除模拟含硫燃料评价了CdS/BiOBr复合材料的可见光催化性能.结果表明,6%(质量分数)CdS/BiOBr降解次甲基蓝的拟一级动力学常数分别为BiOBr和CdS的5.3和9.6倍,脱除噻吩的拟一级动力学常数分别为BiOBr和CdS的1.9和3.2倍.CdS/BiOBr具有良好的光催化稳定性,循环使用5次后,降解率仍能达到90%以上.     

Enhanced photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanoparticles by surface modification with KF using thermal shock method

ZnO nanoparticles were modified with KF using thermal shock method at various temperatures in order to improve the photocatalytic activity of ZnO under both UVA and visible light irradiation. The influences of KF-modification on the crystal structure, morphology, UV–visible absorption, specific surface area as well as surface structure of ZnO were respectively characterized by XRD, FE-SEM, UV–Visible diffuse reflectance, N₂ adsorption and XPS spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activity was evaluated via the degradation of methylene blue under UVA irradiation. According to the results, the thermal shock process with KF did not modify the structure, the particle size and the optical properties of ZnO nanoparticles but successfully increase their UVA and visible light induced photocatalytic activity. This enhancement of activity may be attributed to the increase of surface hydroxyl groups and zinc vacancies of modified ZnO samples.