垂直极化平行板有界波电磁脉冲模拟器辐射近场的快速估算方法

为快速估算出垂直极化平行板有界波电磁脉冲(EMP)模拟器的时域近场,将散射传递函数法应用于该类型模拟器近场的时域计算中,即对于给定的脉冲源,先寻找有效频谱范围能覆盖该源的高斯脉冲源,并应用时域有限差分(FDTD)方法计算该高斯脉冲源激励时模拟器中测试点场的时域响应,再利用傅里叶变换、系统的传递函数及傅里叶逆变换计算得到给定脉冲源激励时各测试点场的瞬态响应。所得计算结果与直接使用给定脉冲源激励时FDTD方法的计算结果符合较好。所述方法可用于同一模拟器在不同脉冲源激励时辐射近场的快速估算,能大大减少FDTD模拟计算的次数,尤其对于中大型模拟器能有效减少计算时间和内存。     

任意形状金属腔体内电磁脉冲的三维计算

提出了模拟任意形状腔体中的内电磁脉冲的三维直角坐标系时域有限差分(FDTD)算法。该算法采用FDTD共形网格技术模拟任意形状腔体的边界,可以解决腔体内非对称的边界问题。推导了射线斜入射的差分方程,进行了三维数值计算,并采用直角坐标系FDTD算法和柱坐标系FDTD算法计算了射线斜入射圆柱腔体产生的内电磁脉冲,二者吻合很好,验证了直角坐标系FDTD算法正确性。     

一种适于1维磁等离子体电磁波传输特性的FDTD分析

 提出了一个新的分析各向异性磁等离子体中电磁波传输特性的时域有限差分（FDTD）方法。该方法是将电流密度矢量与电场强度矢量之间的本构方程基于拉普拉斯变换原理转到复频域,然后再逆变换到时域得到它们之间显式的方程,最后再结合指数差分,得到离散时域的显式的FDTD迭代方程,解决了本构方程中电流密度矢量的分量相互耦合而不易直接离散的困难。该方法在数学上具有简单明了和易于计算的特点,同时通过该方法计算各向异性等离子体板的电磁波反射和透射系数,与其解析解进行比较,结果表明了该方法的准确性和有效性。     

粒子模拟中波导激励源的设计与实现

 讨论了粒子模拟中用时域有限差分(FDTD)法设计波导激励源的常见问题,并根据波的传播特性,提出一种模拟波导激励源的新方法,给出通用的计算公式,讨论了几种特殊情况下的算法修正。给出了2维柱坐标系下磁绝缘线振荡器(MILO)计算实例,结果表明：该方法能模拟较为复杂的波导激励源,并有效消除了激励源边界处的虚假反射,与传统波导激励源模拟方法比较,验证了该方法的正确性与优越性。     

粒子模拟中的时偏FDTD算法

给出一种能自动对高频噪声进行过滤的时域有限差分(FDTD)算法,称为时偏FDTD算法.在中心差分FDTD算法的基础上,引入时间偏置和松弛迭代处理,得到该算法的计算公式,并进行稳定性与收敛性分析.通过对相对论磁控管的计算,与中心差分FDTD算法比较,验证了该算法的滤波特性.     

一维等离子体光子晶体的带隙研究

采用时域有限差分方法(FDTD),结合等离子体计算中的分段线性电流密度卷积技术(PLJERC)对一维等离子体光子晶体(1D-PPC)进行了数值模拟,给出了微分高斯脉冲在一维等离子体光子晶体中的传播过程。计算得到的带隙结构与K-P模型方法的结果一致。计算并分析了等离子体频率、介质介电常数、等离子体-介质层的厚度比以及周期厚度对一维等离子体光子晶体带隙结构的影响。     

屏蔽电缆对脉冲X射线响应的数值计算

 结合蒙特卡洛方法和时域有限差分(FDTD)方法,计算了电缆受脉冲X射线辐照时介质层内的运流电流密度,并以此为麦克斯韦方程的源,计算得到了电缆两端接匹配负载时的芯线响应电流。该方法综合考虑了电缆芯线、介质层和屏蔽层的沉积电荷对芯线响应电流的影响。计算结果表明：芯线响应电流大小与电缆受辐照长度成正比,电流由辐照中心向两边流走;源区越靠近中心位置,电流幅度越小,源的中心位置处,电流为零,源区存在静电场;源区外,电流大小相等,方向相反。最后,利用有限差分法计算得到的电场强度反推出了芯线电荷数,与蒙特卡洛方法计算的结果相比,FDTD方法计算的要低20%,该误差可能由将3维问题近似为1维问题所引起。     

用时域有限差分方法研究非惯性坐标系下光子晶体传输特性

将时域有限差分（FDTD）方法用于非惯性坐标系下光子晶体理论研究,给出了非惯性坐标系下的差分方程和理想匹配层（PML）边界条件。设计了一个包含闭合环行腔和定向耦合器的光子晶体结构。定向耦合器的耦合长度为43a,这样的耦合长度既保证了闭合环行腔的高Q值,又保证了必要的频率分辨力。理论计算表明：光子晶体转动时,闭合环行腔里顺时针与逆时针方向传播的光有频差产生,此频差大小与光子晶体的转动角速度有关。     

用FDTD计算各向异性磁化等离子体涂敷二维目标的RCS

采用z变换方法把时域有限差分方法(FDTD)推广应用于二维各向异性色散介质—磁化等离子 体中，该算法同时解决了电磁波在各向异性和频率色散介质中传播的计算问题，给出了各向 异性磁化等离子体中FDTD迭代公式.计算了各向异性磁化等离子体涂敷导体圆柱前后其雷达 散射截面(RCS)的变化情况，分析了等离子体碰撞频率和电子回旋频率对其RCS的影响. 关键词： 时域有限差分方法 各向异性磁化等离子体     

基于紧致差分格式的高效时域有限差分算法

探讨一种基于紧致差分格式的高效时域有限差分算法(high-order compact-FDTD),该方法不仅提高计算精度,而且网格结点少、内存使用率和CPU时间大为降低.利用紧致格式FDTD方法实现无耗波导系统及光子晶体光纤中电磁波传播的数值模拟.通过计算实例验证算法的高效性.     

Numerical Analysis of Induced Phase Modulation between Two Ultrashort Pulses in Silica Fiber by the Extended Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method

We have analyzed the induced phase modulation (IPM) for ultrashort (74 fs) two-pulse propagation in a silica fiber by the extended finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method, considering all exact Sellmeier-fitting values and nonlinear polarization P_NL involving the Raman response function. We show that nonlinear polarization causes several phenomena in spectral characteristics of propagated pulses, such as self-phase modulation (SPM), self-steepening, Raman response and IPM, by the extended FDTD method. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first IPM calculation by the extended FDTD method for the simultaneous propagation of two ultrashort (74 fs) laser pulses in a silica fiber.     

Ultrasonic pulse waves in cancellous bone analyzed by finite-difference time-domain methods

The trabecular frame of cancellous bone has a high degree of porosity, anisotropy and inhomogeneity. The propagation of ultrasonic waves in cancellous bone is significantly affected by the trabecular structure. In this paper, two two-dimensional finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) methods, which were the popular viscoelastic FDTD method for a viscoelastic medium and Biot's FDTD method for a fluid-saturated porous medium, have been applied to numerically analyze the ultrasonic pulse waves propagating through bovine cancellous bone in the directions parallel and perpendicular to the trabecular alignment. The Biot's fast and slow longitudinal waves, which were identified in previous experiments for the propagation parallel to the trabecular orientation, could be analyzed using Biot's FDTD method rather than the viscoelastic FDTD method. For the single wave propagation in the perpendicular direction, on the other hand, the viscoelastic FDTD result was found to be in more good agreement with the experimental result.     

Optical filaments and optical bullets in dispersive nonlinear media

We have investigated the evolution of picosecond and femtosecond optical pulses governed by the amplitude vector equation in the optical and UV domains. We have written this equation in different coordinate frames, namely, in the laboratory frame, the Galilean frame, and the moving-in-time frame and have normalized it for the cases of different and equal transverse and longitudinal sizes of optical pulses or modulated optical waves. For optical pulses with a small transverse size and a large longitudinal size (optical filaments), we obtain the well-known paraxial approximation in all the coordinate frames, while for optical pulses with relatively equal transverse and longitudinal sizes (so-called light bullets), we obtain new non-paraxial nonlinear amplitude equations. In the case of optical fields with low intensity, we have reduced the nonlinear amplitude vector equations governing the light-bullet evolution to the linear amplitude equations. We have solved the linear equations using the method of Fourier transform. An unexpected new result is the relative stability of light bullets and the significant decrease in the diffraction enlargement of light bullets with respect to the case of long pulses in the linear propagation regime.     

Ultra-short pulse propagation in 3D GaAs photonic crystals

We have investigated ultra-short pulse propagation through 3D GaAs photonic crystals with a complete photonic band gap in the optical wavelength region. The pulse propagation was calculated by using the finite-differential time-domain (FDTD) method. This is the first time pulse shape measurements have been made using femtosecond pulses. From the experimental results, the shapes of the ultra-short pulses were found to change when the frequency was above the photonic band-gap after the propagation through the photonic crystal, corresponding to the simulation results.     

Z变换在磁化等离子体电磁脉冲传播时域分析中的应用

 通过Z变换的方法,将与频率有关的磁化等离子体的介电常数由频域变换到Z域,推导了Z变换形式的时域有限差分法计算式,模拟了电磁脉冲在磁化等离子体中的传播。经过离散傅里叶变换,给出了电磁波通过磁化等离子体后的反射系数和透射系数与频率的关系。还给出了模拟结果和理论值的对比。结果表明,Z变换算法的模拟结果比卷积分更接近理论值。     

波导电光调制器结构的全波分析

本文首次用时域有限差分法对波导电光调制器结构进行全波分析。通过引入移动吸收边界条件和自动递归模型,提高了算法的计算精度和效率,获得了调制器结构参数与性能的关系曲线,为实际器件的优化设计提供了重要依据。     

Analysis of femtosecond optical pulse propagation in one-dimensional nonlinear photonic crystals using finite-difference time-domain method

In this paper, we have used the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method to analyze the optical pulse propagation in a nonlinear, one-dimensional photonic crystal (1DPC). Hyperbolic secant pulses with various carrier wavelengths are utilized in this study. In a nonlinear regime, a 1DPC introduces a photonic band-gap whose central wavelength and width depend on the input pulse intensity. In the present work, three different cases are considered. These correspond to the carrier wavelengths of the incident pulses being out of, near to, and partially in the band-gap. For each case, the effect of nonlinearity on pulse propagation is investigated. Also, we have analyzed the two-frequency regime, in which each of the two pulses has a different carrier frequency (wavelength). This kind of study can be done directly with FDTD without any further computational burden but it is somewhat complicated using nonlinear coupled-mode equations (NLCME) and nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE), which require separate treatments for each carrier wavelength.     

Equations for finite-difference, time-domain simulation of sound propagation in moving inhomogeneous media and numerical implementation

Finite-difference, time-domain (FDTD) calculations are typically performed with partial differential equations that are first order in time. Equation sets appropriate for FDTD calculations in a moving inhomogeneous medium (with an emphasis on the atmosphere) are derived and discussed in this paper. Two candidate equation sets, both derived from linearized equations of fluid dynamics, are proposed. The first, which contains three coupled equations for the sound pressure, vector acoustic velocity, and acoustic density, is obtained without any approximations. The second, which contains two coupled equations for the sound pressure and vector acoustic velocity, is derived by ignoring terms proportional to the divergence of the medium velocity and the gradient of the ambient pressure. It is shown that the second set has the same or a wider range of applicability than equations for the sound pressure that have been previously used for analytical and numerical studies of sound propagation in a moving atmosphere. Practical FDTD implementation of the second set of equations is discussed. Results show good agreement with theoretical predictions of the sound pressure due to a point monochromatic source in a uniform, high Mach number flow and with Fast Field Program calculations of sound propagation in a stratified moving atmosphere.     

Three-dimensional FDTD method for optical pulse propagation analysis in microstructured optical fibers

We propose a three-dimensional (3D) finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method to analyze the pulse propagation characteristics in microstructured optical fibers (MOFs). The computation domain size is greatly reduced by adopting the technique of moving problem space. The propagating pulse is virtually held in the buffer cell of the problem space as simulation continues. This method is capable to investigate the temporal evolution of the propagating pulse. Spectral information can be obtained by Fourier analysis. As an example, the influence of the kerr nonlinearity on the optical pulse propagation in a Lorentz dispersive MOF is demonstrated. The model is also used to simulate the nonlinear interactions between the pump spectral broadening and third harmonic generations in a highly nonlinear fused silica nanowire with good agreement with the generalized nonlinear envelop equation (GNEE) model.