农林高校基础化学多层次课程体系和教学内容的改革与实践

以农林高校基础化学课程体系和教学内容改革为抓手,构建了农科特色鲜明的多层次课程体系,优化设计了教学内容,增强了教学的针对性,突出了学生个性的发展,为农科院校创新人才的培养奠定了重要的化学基础。     

以创新人才培养为导向的无机及分析化学实验课程体系建设与实践

以培养创新型人才为出发点,针对一年级本科生在无机及分析化学实验教学中存在的问题,探讨了从“以教为主”转变为“以学为主”的课程体系建设与实施情况。通过优化课程体系、拓展培养模式、强化平台建设等手段,在引导学生主动探究、独立思考、掌握科学研究方法等方面取得了一定的成效。     

依托“一流”学科的高分子创新创业人才培养模式初探*

四川大学高分子科学与工程学院以“一流”学科建设为背景,积极探索了以师资队伍为保障、课程体系为基础、实验教学和高水平实习基地为支撑、人才培养质量为目标的高分子创新创业人才培养模式,具有广泛的示范性和推广性。     

高分子材料与工程专业课程体系持续改进探索与实践

课程体系是专业人才培养目标和毕业要求达成的重要落脚点,采用科学的方法判定其合理性并进行持续改进对人才培养具有指导意义.本文以高分子材料与工程专业为例,从工程教育专业认证的课程标准角度论证了课程体系与毕业要求的关系和设置,采用统计分析法,根据课程目标的直接评价数据和毕业生及用人单位的间接评价数据,分析了课程体系存在的不足...     

以技术要素为主线重组实验教学体系

复旦大学化学系一贯重视实验教学。在实验课程改革方面 ,率先在国内建立仪器分析实验基础课 ,并对物理化学实验内容进行了大幅度改革 ,编写了教材 ,在国内有一定影响。 2 0世纪 80年代末 ,又在对国内外著名大学课程教学体系进行广泛比较研究的基础上 ,进行课程体系改革。到 2 0世纪 90年代中期提出了“以数学和自然科学为基础 ,化学原理为先导 ,有机物和无机物为对象 ,定量分析和结构表征并重”的课程体系 ,并投入教学实践 ,取得了良好效果[1] 。在进行理论课程体系改革的同时 ,我们也在积极进行实验教学课程体系改革的探索和准备。如在 1 9…     

高师"化学教学论"实验课程体系的改革与实践

介绍了高师“化学教学论”实验课程体系改革的指导思想与基本目标,提出了以培养学生探究能力为核心的实验课程体系。并在实践的基础上,取得了阶段性成果,为高师院校全面改革教师教育专业课程体系提供了可借鉴的经验。     

仪器分析综合运用及创新能力的培养——浅谈仪器分析实践教学体系的构建

以数年仪器分析课程教学经验为基础,以培养具有实践能力和创新能力、符合社会需求的复合型应用人才为目标,以专业实际情况为出发点,介绍东北林业大学化学工程与工艺专业仪器分析实践课程体系的构建。     

基于应用型人才培养的应用化学专业实践课程体系改革研究

在应用型人才培养驱动下,探索了应用化学专业实践课程体系的改革,以“精细化学品的合成与表征”和“精细化学品生产工艺”2个方面训练为目标,构建了“专业实验-实训-生产实习”为一体的专业实践课程体系;通过CDIO模式的教学方法改革,践行了专业实践课程对人才培养的要求,提高了学生应用知识解决实际问题的能力,达到了应用型人才培养的目的。     

基于生态教育理念的高中化学校本课程设计

以构建生态教育类高中化学校本课程体系为目标,从课程设计理念、课程目标确立、课程内容组织结构和课程环境设计等方面探讨了生态教育理念下的校本课程设计思路,提出了生态教育类校本课程内容选择的策略,以期为生态教育类化学校本课程的设计和编制提供理论和方法参考。     

无机化学和物理化学课程整合与优化初步探讨——以环境工程专业为例

以提高课堂教学效率,进一步发挥学生的自主学习能力和创新能力为原则,结合本校实际情况分析了环境工程专业无机化学、物理化学课程的现状,提出了二者在课程体系上整合优化的基本内容与需要遵循的基本方法。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.