化学职前教师手持技术TPACK调查研究

设计了《化学职前教师手持技术TPACK量表式问卷》,对223名化学职前教师进行问卷调查,采取探索性因子分析与验证性因子分析检验问卷的信度、效度以及七因子模型的合理性,同时通过结构方程模型构建并讨论化学职前教师手持技术TPACK的发展路径。研究结果表明：(1)问卷具有良好的信效度;(2)TPACK七因子模型具有一定的合理性;(3)化学职前教师手持技术TPACK的发展路径中除CK对PCK无直接影响外,均支持TPACK的变革观点。文末据此对手持技术TPACK基础研究与化学教师发展两方面提出相应的建议。     

我国化学教育类硕士的TPACK现状调查与分析

为在宏观上了解化学教育类硕士是否具有进行有效技术整合所必需的知识,基于TPACK提供的知识框架,对我国230名化学教育类硕士的TPACK水平及影响因素进行调查。结果表明,化学教育类硕士TPACK呈中等偏上水平;学术型硕士的TPACK水平高于专业型硕士;学习经历和实践经历对TPACK各要素有不同程度的影响;学习能力对TPACK的发展无显著影响;TPK、TCK和CK是影响TPACK发展的主要因素。在此基础上,提出了提升TPACK水平的相关策略。     

化学师范生手持技术接受度与TPACK的相关性研究

以技术接受度模型(Technology Acceptance Model, TAM)与TPACK(Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge,整合信息技术、教学法、学科内容的知识结构)理论为基础,以手持技术为技术接受度模型与TPACK中的技术对象,利用结构方程模型调查研究H大学化学师范生的手持技术接受度与TPACK的相关性。研究发现：(1)化学师范生对手持技术的行为意愿、感知易用性、主观规范正向影响TPACK的发展;(2)化学师范生对手持技术的感知有用性与自我效能正向影响行为意愿,并能通过行为意愿间接影响TPACK的发展。最后,基于研究结果,提出发挥示范引领作用、重视优质资源的整合应用等提升化学师范生手持技术TPACK的4条建议。     

化学教师的TPACK结构及建构策略

随着教师职业的不断发展,教师进行有效教学的核心就是发展他们的TPACK,化学教师的TPACK主要包括:扎实科学的化学学科知识、信息技术与化学教学整合目的的统领性观念、信息技术与化学教学整合的课程资源和课程组织知识、关于信息技术与化学教学整合的学生理解和学生误解知识、信息技术与化学教学整合的教学策略和教学表征知识。化学教师TPACK建构的基本策略有:形成TPACK的教学意识、观摩培训、亲自参与教学、提升整合转化能力、多渠道多种方式丰富TPACK资源。     

化学师范生的TPACK与化学认识信念及其关系研究

测查246名化学师范生的TPACK与化学认识信念的结构与水平,并使用结构方程模型进一步探查2者的关系。结果表明,师范生的化学TPACK尚属中等水平,其化学认识信念为建构主义知识观取向,化学认识信念的5个维度对TPACK均有显著的预测作用。     

TPACK知识框架下中学化学体验式教学的研究

以国外整合技术的学科教学法(TPACK)知识框架的相关研究及成果为基础, 选择中学化学学科作为切入点, 由教师进行信息技术与课程整合所需知识为载体, 在对TPACK支持下的体验式学习活动构建的基础上, 以“原电池”一课的实践为例, 从主题选择、软件设计、教学实施、教学反思等方面开展了较为系统的、微观的、实证的研究, 以期为我国TPACK本土实践研究提供一定的借鉴作用。     

职前化学教师TPACK的现状与发展研究

采用自编的职前化学教师TPACK问卷,以902名职前化学教师为调查对象,研究了他们TPACK的发展。结果表明:(1)职前化学教师TPACK存在显著的性别差异,男生的TK、PCK、TPK、TCK、TPCK均值较女生高,而女生的CK、PK均值较高;(2)生源地为城镇的职前化学教师与生源地为农村的职前化学教师在TK、CK 2个维度上存在显著性差异,且农村职前化学教师在CK、PK、PCK、TCK、TPK、TPCK 6个维度的得分均高于城镇职前化学教师;(3)职前化学教师TPACK存在显著的年级差异,随着年级的升高,职前化学教师TPACK呈波浪式持续发展的趋势。     

基于TPACK研究手持技术在中学化学课堂教学的应用现状

为了解中学化学教师对手持技术的应用水平和影响因素。以整合技术的学科教学知识（TPACK）理论为依据,创新性地将境脉（Context）因素引入TPACK调查中进行问卷设计,并对来自于全国16个省直辖市的187位教师进行了网络问卷调查,同时采用SPSS软件对问卷进行信效度评价,采用SPSS AMOS对问卷进行探索性因子分析,并对调查结果进行分析。研究结果显示中学化学教师手持技术TPACK量表结构模型较好,能够用于评价中学化学教师的手持技术应用水平;中学化学教师手持技术应用情况良好,但是与性别、教龄、学校类别有显著关系。针对研究结果,提出提高中学化学教师手持技术应用水平的发展建议,以期提高中学化学教师手持技术在中学化学教学的应用水平。     

TPACK视野下“整合技术的化学教学知识”的案例研究——以“氨”为例

以国外对TPACK进行的相关研究及成果为基础,选择中学化学学科作为切入点,从理论研究的视角提出了"整合技术的化学教学知识(TPCHK)"结构模型,并分析其内涵。同时,以中学一线教学实践为基础,从实践微观的视角,通过对"氨"一课教学实践的案例分析,详细讨论了教师应具备的TPCHK结构,为TPACK在我国本土化学学科中的教学实践研究提供参考。     

化学师范生TPACK影响因素的质性研究

通过开放性问卷、半结构化访谈等数据收集工具,采取质性研究方法对数据进行自下而上的分析,探查化学师范生TPACK的影响因素。结果表明,影响因素可分为客观因素与主观因素,其中客观因素主要包含宏观、中观及微观层面的外在因素,主观因素主要为化学师范生的知识、信念与能力。据此对我国化学师范生培养以及后续研究提供参考。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.