地方高校高分子材料与工程专业应用型人才培养模式的构建

随着我国"加快发展现代职业教育"战略部署的逐步落实和高等教育内部变革的日益深化,大量地方本科高校都面临着向"应用型"大学转型的紧迫任务。本文从专业群建设、培养方案设计、专业思想引导、人才培养平台建设四个方面介绍了闽江学院化工系高分子材料与工程专业应用型人才培养模式构建的实践探索和近年来取得的建设成果,为地方高校高分子材料与工程专业的应用型人才培养提供有益借鉴。     

新工科视域下地方高校化材类应用型人才培养新模式的创建与成效

论述了地方高校化材类应用型人才培养探索与实践的必要性和紧迫性。重点阐述了在人才培养模式更新、特色课程设置、校企合作协同育人机制的创新等多方面的改革。更新了“接地气、近产业”新工科应用型人才培养定位,探索实践了“双四六”应用型人才培养模式,重构了与应用型人才培养相配套的课程体系,实施了“三三制”产学研协同育人机制。最后以丰硕的成果给创建的新模式做了诠释。     

迎面新时代高分子材料与工程专业英语课程教学创新实践

新时代背景下,教育倡导回归本科教育,为应用型创新人才培养和研究生教育打好底样。激发学习兴趣,提高学习能力,具备创新基因,掌握高新技术,做到与国际接轨,是应用型高校本科人才培养的关键。基于本人10年的高分子材料与工程专业教学经历,本文详细介绍了高分子材料与工程专业的专业英语的课程教学模式创新实践经验。主要从课程内容调整、学长榜样力量借鉴、互联网+技术支撑以及学生自主设计期末考题等方面进行了说明和概括。实践说明,创新了课程授课内容和模式,有效激发了学生自主学习的能力和热情,显著提高了专业英语理解和应用能力。     

“能力本位”的地方民族院校应用型人才培养模式改革研究

地方民族高等教育以发展民族地区为已任,能力本位是地方院校主要推行的教育理念之一。地方民族高等教育与能力本位培养模式的有机结合,是培养地区发展所需的理论素养好、执行能力强的应用型人才的重要路径。本文以培养民族地区应用型人才为核心,以能力培养为基础,从人才培养模式、实践教学平台、教学方法改革三个方面对人才培养模式予以改进,构建能力本位主导下的应用型人才培养模式,达到提高民族地区本科教育教学质量之目的。     

有机化学专论实验教学改革研究与探索

实践与创新是应用型人才培养的两大着力点。根据聊城大学应用型地方高校人才培养目标，结合有机专论实验开设情况，以激发学生主动参与实验并自主探索化学科学兴趣为出发点，对专论实验教学过程进行了探索与改革。结合教师科研开设创新实验，以提高化学实验课程教学质量及培养学生科研思维能力和实事求是的科学态度。     

地方应用型高校材料化学专业人才培养体系的构建

论述了应用型地方高校材料化学专业构建稳定的人才培养体系的必要性和紧迫性。结合教学实践重点阐述了在课程体系设置、课堂教学、实验教学、校外实践等教学环节的改革,以及师资素质培养和转型、专业差异化发展、与地方经济融合等方面的有益探索。通过数据展现了在新的培养体系中取得的积极效果。最终通过政策引导,以产教融合为主线,构建稳定的适合地方应用型高校办学实际的专业人才培养体系。     

新兴涉农专业建设探索与实践——以生态修复专业为例

“四新建设”是当前本科教育改革的重要内容,为适应新农科建设,地方本科院校优化整合环境工程和环境科学学科优势,拓展新农科的培养模式和路径、明确新农科复合型人才培养的新目标,适应我国生态文明建设和美丽中国建设的发展需求。本文围绕新兴涉农专业—生态修复专业建设背景,从人才培养目标、优化培养模式和课程结构体系、强化专业特色等方面,对生态修复专业建设进行一系列探索和实践,为地方高等院校服务现代化新农业人才培养和就业提供新思路。     

关于地方高校一流专业建设的几点思考——以云南大学化学专业为例

一流专业建设是振兴本科教育的重要举措,也是高校内涵式发展的重要内容。对地方高校而言,一流专业建设具有极大的挑战性。本文以云南大学化学专业为例,在分析了专业建设的基础与存在的问题和不足后,从人才培养模式、课程体系、课程与教材建设以及第二课堂等方面,就地方高校开展一流本科专业建设提出了几点思考。     

高师本科化学专业分类培养模式下教学质量保障体系的构建与实施

介绍河南师范大学化学化工学院以市场需求为导向,设立师资型、学术型、应用型3类人才培养方向,构建分类培养模式,以及对新培养模式下教学质量保障体系的构建、实施和初步成效等方面进行的有效探索。     

“一托四化”应用技术型本科人才培养模式的探索与实践——以韶关学院化学专业为例

韶关学院自2012年起开始了"一托四化"应用技术型化学本科人才培养模式的探索,提出了以优秀教学团队建设为依托,通过对理论教学"主体化"、实践教学"平台化"、教学资源"精品化"、考评方式"多元化",构建"一托四化"应用技术型人才培养模式,探索了一条地方本科院校应用技术型人才培养的有效途径。     

Ab initio studies of the conformations of ethynyl formate, cyano formate and related ethynyl and cyano compounds

The optimized geometries, relative free energies and related thermodynamic properties, harmonic frequencies, and dipole moments have been calculated at the HF and MP2 levels for ethynyl formate (1a), ethynyl acetate (1b), cyano formate, HCO₂CN (1c), cyano acetate (1d), S-ethynyl thioformate (2a), S-ethynyl thioacetate (2b), S-cyano thioformate (2c), S-cyano thioacetate (2d), N-ethynylformamide (3a), N-ethynylacetamide (3b), N-cyanoformamide (3c), and N-cyanoacetamide (3d) with the gaussian 98 program. For ethynyl formate, the calculation for 25 °C at the MP2/6-311++G(df,pd) level predicts that the Z isomer is more stable by 1.23 kcal/mol. For S-ethynyl thioformate, calculations at the MP2/6-311++G(2d,2p) level predict that the E isomer is favored by 0.71 kcal/mol at 25 °C. The E isomers of N-ethynylformamide and N-ethynylacetamide were found at all levels to be more stable than the Z isomers at 25 °C. For cyano formate and cyano acetate, calculations at the MP2/6-311++G(df,pd) level predict that the Z isomers are more stable at 25 °C by 1.50 and 2.72 kcal/mol, respectively. At this level and temperature, the Z isomers of 2c, 2d, 3c, and 3d are predicted to have free energies of 0.46, −0.07, 1.22, and 2.28 kcal/mol, respectively, relative to the E conformations. Z to E free-energy barriers at 25 °C of 8.63, 10.64, 17.63, 7.39, and 14.03 kcal/mol were calculated for 1a, 2a, 3a, 1c, and 3c at the HF/6-311G(d,p) level, and at the HF/6-311+G(d,p) level, the free-energy barrier for 2c was 7.08 kcal/mol.     

Pyrazolones as Building Blocks in Heterocyclic Synthesis: Synthesis of New Pyrazolopyran,Pyrazolopyridazine and Pyrazole Derivatives of Expected Antifungicidal Activity

A series of new pyrazolone and pyrazole derivatives with expected antifungicidal activity have been prepared through the reactions 3‐phenyl‐1‐H‐pyrazol‐5(4H)‐one ( 3 ) and 4‐(dimethylaminomethylene)‐3‐phenyl‐1H‐pyrazol‐5(4H)‐one ( 5 ) with a variety of electrophilic reagents and nucleophilic reagents. The newly synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR and mass spectral studies.     

Characteristics of Lipids from Individual Organs of Veronica beccabunga

Lipids from various organs of the aquatic plant Veronica beccabunga were studied. It has been demonstrated that neutral and polar lipids are qualitatively typical of higher photosynthetic plants. Lipids in various organs of aquatic veronica were unevenly distributed. The most significant differences were observed in neutral lipids for the accumulation of glycerin esters, free fatty acids, alcohols, and hydrocarbons. The ratio of phospholipids varied considerably in the polar lipids.     

Potentiometric and thermodynamic studies of 2-mercapto-5-(2-hydroxynaphthylideamino)-1,3,4-thiadiazole and its metal complexes

Summary Proton-ligand dissociation constant of 2-mercapto-5-(2-hydroxynaphthylideamino)-1,3,4-thiadiazole (MHT) and the stepwise stability constants of its metal complexes were determined potentiometrically in 40 mass/mass% ethanol-water mixture containing 0.1 M KCl. The stabilities of the complexes follow the order: Cu²⁺>Ni²⁺>Co²⁺>Mn²⁺. The dissociation constant (pK^H) of MHT and the stability constants (logK) of its metal complexes were determined at different temperatures and the corresponding thermodynamic parameters were calculated and discussed. The proton dissociation process is non-spontaneous, endothermic and entropically unfavoured. The formation of the metal complexes was found to be spontaneous, endothermic and entropically favoured.     

溶质迁移研究进展

溶质迁移研究已成为水文地质等领域的一个重要研究课题。综述了溶质迁移研究进展,重点介绍了溶质迁移在地下水污染与防治、土壤盐碱化防治、海水入侵和咸水入侵防治等方面的研究现状,并指出应进一步研究的问题。     

Synthesis and spectral properties of malononitrile-based merocyanine dyes

Di-, tetra-, and hexamethine merocyanines derived from malononitrile and heterocycles with moderate (dyes 1–6), strong (7–9), and weak (10 and 11) electron-releasing ability were synthesized. The electronic structures of merocyanines 10 and 11 are similar to the neutral polyene state, whereas those of 7–9 are similar to the ideal polymethine state. These tendencies become more pronounced with increasing length of the polymethine chain. The merocyanines derived from heterocyclic residues with weak or moderate electron-releasing ability exhibit a positive solvatochromism, whereas those with strong electron-releasing ability show a negative solvatochromism. An increase in the polarity of the solvent makes the former compounds more similar to polymethines, whereas the latter become more similar to polyenes bearing opposite charges on the end groups. The nature of the factors (nonspecific solvation, specific nucleophilic and electrophilic solvation, and vibronic interactions) responsible for the observed characteristic features was analyzed. Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 12, pp. 2726–2735, December, 2005.     

Elucidation of activity of copper and copper oxide nanomaterials for electrocatalytic and photoelectrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide

Copper- and copper oxide–based materials are, in principle, promising components (supports, reactive sites, and visible light–absorbing semiconductors) of electrocatalysts and photocathodes for reduction of carbon dioxide. Electrochemical and photoelectrochemical approaches are generally suitable for the low-temperature CO₂-conversion to carbon-based simple organic fuels or utility chemicals.Different concepts of utilization, including nanostructuring, doping, admixing, preconditioning, modification, or functionalization of various copper- and copper oxide–based systems for catalytic electroreduction and photoelectrochemical reduction of CO₂ are elucidated, as well as important strategies to enhance the systems' overall activity and stability are discussed.     

Studies of some monocyclic and bicyclic arylacetonitriles

The high-resolution (1)H, (13)C, (1)H-(1)H COSY and (1)H-(13)C COSY NMR spectra have been recorded in CDCl(3) for arylacetonitriles 1-12 and analyzed. The arylacetonitriles 3-7 exist in two isomeric forms E (methyl group is anti to cyano group) and Z (the methyl group is syn to cyano group) in solution. Normal chair conformation with equatorial orientations of phenyl rings at C-2 and C-6 for monocyclic nitriles 1 and 2, epimeric chair structure EC (axial configuration of methyl group at C-3) for both the E and Z isomers of arylacetonitrile derivatives (3-7) and a distorted boat form, B(3), for the N-acylacetonitrile derivatives (8-10) have been proposed based on NMR data. The bicyclic nitriles 11 and 12 exist in twin chair conformations in solution. DFT calculations and chemical shifts also support these conformations. Geometry optimizations for 1-12 were carried out according to density functional theory using B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) basis set and for 1 and 8 the theoretical geometrical parameters have been compared with those of single crystal measurements.