高师院校化学（教育）专业实验内容改革探索与实践

分析了高师院校化学（教育）专业实验课程（又称化学教学论实验课程）的教学目标和教学现状,结合教学实际提出了高师院校化学（教育）专业实验课程的内容改革方案：（1）重视基础实验,强化训练实验技能;（2）增加探究实验,培养实验探究能力;（3）加强设计实验,着力培养实验教学能力;（4）拓展课程内容,提高实验创新能力。根据这些实验课程内容改革方案,并进行了相应的教学实践。     

一流课程建设——基础化学实验

从教学团队、课程内容、教学模式、教学条件及考核模式等方面的改革介绍了基础化学实验一流课程建设,即以开展实验教学培训、鼓励交流合作、打破编制壁垒建设实验教学团队;以科研反哺教学、开展实验竞赛、注重教材建设改革课程内容;以“讲一练二考三”“简易混合式”“思想实验”等创新教学模式培养学生创新能力;以更新仪器设备及运用信息技术改进教学条件;并通过评教机制及魅力化学实验课堂机制改革基础实验考核模式。     

化学科研基础与创新实验课程建设的探索与实践

大学生的科研能力训练和创新能力培养是大学本科教学的核心问题之一。化学实验教学是实现全面化学教育最有效的形式,对学生科研素质和创新能力的培养至关重要。课程团队将本院科研与实验教学有机结合,提升了实验教学梯度和深度。本文主要从课程定位与目标、课程团队建设、课程内容建设、课程实施与评价等方面介绍课程建设情况。经过近十年的探索与实践,该课外科研实验课程教学在人才培养、教改和科研等方面均取得了不错的成效,有效地促进了实验课程改革。同时,针对课程中的不足,本文提出进一步的改进方向与措施,并对未来做出展望。     

融合自制微视频的化学教学论实验教学研究

介绍了化学教学论实验的重要性、教学现状以及自制微视频在教学中的优势和作用,基于学习金字塔理论和合作学习理论,阐述融合自制微视频进行化学教学论实验教学的过程,分析实际教学情况。聚焦探讨自制微视频的教学方式在高校化学教学论实验课程中的教学促进作用,通过训练学生自制微视频进行实验教学,将信息技术与实验教学整合起来,培养职前教师的实验技能、教学实践能力和信息技术应用能力。     

应用型本科院校化学实验课程体系优化与教学模式改革

根据应用型本科院校人才培养要求,结合本校实际和多年教学经验,从化学基础实验课程内容设置、教学方法和成绩评定等3方面提出对实验课程体系进行优化设计,同时探索新型的实验教学模式,构建“4课一体、3个阶段、4个层次”的实验课程新体系,并将“可视化”教学模式引进实验教学中,同时制定“多元加权”的“过程质量评价”体系。     

化学教育专业硕士课程群建设研究

培养目标决定了课程内容的选取与设置,为了进一步提高课程质量,全方位提升化学教育专业硕士的培养水平,迫切需要对原课程内容多、繁、杂等问题进行整改。本文重新整合与构建了5个课程群,包括教育理论、学科知识、教学技能、教学研究、教学实践等,并以案例教学为核心。     

"演示-评课-实验"教学模式在实验课程教学中的应用与优化策略——以高师化学专业教学论实验课程为例

"学生演示-集体评课-全班实验"三环节教学模式是高师教学论实验课程的主要形式,我们对化学专业教学论实验课程教学现状进行了教学观察和调研,从教学内容的选择、教学组织形式、教学管理形式、课程评价方式等方面进行优化,取得明显的教学效果。这对促进高师院校的化学实验教学改革、培养创新型实验教学能力的师范生有一定的参考价值。     

基于PBL导学案的实验化学翻转课堂教学研究与实践

结合问题机制旨向高阶思维的导学案设计,探讨了翻转课堂教学模式在实验化学课程中的教学实施。为了确保实验化学课程的教学改革具有科学性和有效性,开展了问卷调查和分析。结果显示,基于PBL导学案的实验化学翻转课堂教学能够显著培养学生的主动学习能力,促进知识技能、过程方法与情感态度三维目标的整合,有利于提高实验教学质量。     

基于应用型人才培养的实验课程体系改革

为适应应用型人才培养,针对本校化学实验课程实际,探讨化学实验课程设置、课程内容及课程实施的改革思路,设置基础实验、综合实验和专业实验,加强实验内容与实践的联系,坚持导师制与实验教学的结合。     

高分子化学教学改革探索

高分子化学是高分子材料专业最重要的专业基础课之一,课程内容包含基础理论和实验教学,对后续其他专业课程的学习有直接的影响。任课教师积极探索高分子化学的教学改革,对提高教学质量和教学效果具有很重要的意义。本文结合近年来对高分子化学课程教学各环节的探索与思考,从课程建设目标、教学思路、实验与实践教学、考核方式等几个方面进行了探讨,并通过在教学实践中加以应用,调动学生的学习积极性,有效提高了教学效果和学生的综合素质。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.