纳米晶复合永磁材料的交换耦合相互作用和磁性能

本介绍了纳米磁性材料晶粒交换耦合相互作用的有关理论。采用不同模型讨论了晶粒交换耦合相互作用对纳米单相软磁材料、永磁材料及双相复合永磁材料磁性能的影响。简述了用δM（H）曲线和不可逆磁导率的变化研究晶粒交换耦合相互作用及反磁化过程的方法。讨论了合金分配比、添加元素、制备及热处理工艺对磁体硬磁性能的影响。从理论和实验两方面分析、研究了纳米复合永磁材料的反磁化过程和矫顽力机制。     

纳米复合永磁材料的有效各向异性与矫顽力

研究了纳米Nd2Fe14B/α-Fe复合永磁材料中晶粒交换耦合相互作用对有效各向异性的影响和变化规律.结果表明：晶粒之间的交换耦合作用使材料的有效各向异性Keff随晶粒尺寸的减小而下降、随软磁性相成分的增加而降低. 当晶粒尺寸 减小到4nm时，Keff值减小为其各自通常各向异性常数值的1/3—1/4.有效各向异性的变化特点与矫顽力的变化规律基本相同.纳米复合永磁材料矫顽力的降低主要由于有效各向异性的减小而引起. 关键词： 纳米复合永磁材料 交换耦合相互作用 有效各向异性 矫顽力     

纳米晶复合永磁材料的交换耦合相互作用和磁性能

本文介绍了纳米磁性材料晶粒交换耦合相互作用的有关理论。采用不同模型讨论了晶粒交换耦合相互作用对纳米单相软磁材料、永磁材料及双相复合永磁材料磁性能的影响。简述了用δM(H)曲线和不可逆磁导率的变化研究晶粒交换耦合相互作用及反磁化过程的方法。讨论了合金成分配比、添加元素、制备及热处理工艺对磁体硬磁性能的影响。从理论和实验两方面分析、研究了纳米复合永磁材料的反磁化过程和矫顽力机制。     

交换耦合相互作用对纳米晶粒各向异性的影响

研究纳米磁性材料晶粒间的交换耦合相互作用,提出适合各种耦合条件晶粒界面及表面处各向异性的表达式.结果表明:软、硬磁性相晶粒间的交换耦合相互作用降低了硬磁性相晶粒的各向异性,提高了软磁性相晶粒的各向异性.软硬磁性晶粒的平均各向异性先增加后减小,在某个晶粒尺寸值达到最大值,这种变化趋势与相关的理论及实验结果一致.硬硬磁性晶粒的平均各向异性随晶粒尺寸的变化趋势与相关的实验结果也一致.     

铁基纳米复合永磁材料的相成分与磁性

纳米复合永磁材料由于具有高剩磁，高磁能积，高矫顽力和相对低的稀土含量等优点而有可能成为新一代价格低谦粘结永磁体，文章介绍了纳米复合永磁材料的磁特性，着重讨论了Ｆｅ３Ｂ基纳米材料相成分与磁性的关系，并证明其永磁性并非来源于Ｎｄ２Ｆｅ１４Ｂ永磁相，最后介绍了纳米复合永磁材料的最新进展。     

纳米晶永磁材料晶间交换耦合作用的模拟计算研究

利用微磁学有限元法，模拟计算了单相和复相各向同性纳米晶磁体的起始磁化曲线、退磁曲线和回复曲线.验证了用δm(H)曲线的正峰值来衡量纳米晶磁体晶间交换耦合作用的有效性.计算 结果表明，纳米晶单相和复相磁体的晶间交换耦合作用都随晶粒尺寸的增加而降低，当晶粒尺寸过大时 复相磁体表现出两相行为，其δm(H)曲线出现了两个正峰值.分析表明，外场较小的正峰值是软磁相与硬磁相晶粒之间交换耦合作用的结果，而外场较大的正峰值是硬磁相晶粒之间交换耦合作用的结果. 关键词： 纳米晶永磁 晶间交换耦合 δm(H)曲线     

纳米复合稀土永磁材料：稀土永磁领域的新方向

纳米复合稀土永磁材料是近几年来在稀土永磁材料研究中发展起来的新兴领域，它可能是发展新一代稀土永磁材料的重要途径，文章简要综述了它的理论与实验方面的最新进展。     

纳米复合永磁材料中软磁性相交换硬化的研究

本文就纳米复合永磁材料中软磁相被交换硬化问题,从一维模型和三维模拟计算进行了分析研究. 一维和三维各向异性样品研究表明,在相同微结构下,当硬磁相的各向异性降低时,除矫顽力降低外,在磁矩全部反转之前退磁曲线是一样的. 因此,硬磁相各向异性的降低不会导致最大磁能积(BH)_max增大和剩磁增加. 对于三维各向同性样品的模拟计算表明,降低硬磁相的各向异性会使剩磁和(BH)_max都明显降低. 因此,增强硬磁相的各向异性并增大硬磁相晶粒尺寸是提高 关键词： 纳米复合永磁 矫顽力 剩磁 磁能积     

纳米晶复合SrFe12O19/γ-Fe2O3永磁铁氧体的制备和交换耦合作用

采用sol-gel方法制备M型六角锶铁氧体.利用X射线衍射,透射电子显微镜和VSM对纳米晶样品进行了研究.当焙烧温度小于或等于800℃,样品存在复相.在同样条件下,压成薄片的样品呈现了硬磁与软磁SrFe12O19/γ-Fe2O3的纳米复合相的磁性交换耦合作用.800℃焙烧的薄片样品的比饱和磁化强度σS为75.6A*m2/kg,内禀矫顽力HcJ为478.9kA/m,最大磁能积(BH)max为14.9kJ/m3,而粉末样品相应的分别为75.9 A*m2/kg,509.6 kA/m和12.1 kJ/m3.当焙烧温度大于850℃时,只有单一M相.     

高性能纳米复合永磁材料的模拟计算研究

构造了在软磁相基体中析出规则形状硬磁相的各向同性和各向异性纳米复合永磁材料Pr2Fe14Bα-Fe.利用微磁学的有限元法，模拟计算了样品的磁滞回线.通过对剩磁、矫顽力和最大磁能积与软磁相厚度的关系分析，发现在软磁相厚度为0—12nm的范围内，复合磁体的矫顽力随软磁相厚度的增加而单调下降，而最大磁能积则是在适当的矫顽力和剩磁下达到最高.预计纳米复合Pr2(Fe,Co)14Bα-(Fe,Co)的各向同性磁体的最大磁能积最高可达248kJ/m3，而各向异性磁体则高达784kJ/m3. 关键词： 纳米复合永磁 矫顽力 剩磁 磁能积     

Effective anisotropy and coercivity in nanocrystalline single-phase NdFeB permanent magnetic material

The effect of exchange-coupling interaction on the effective anisotropy and its varying tendency in nanocrystalline single-phase NdFeB permanent magnetic material have been investigated. The results show that the exchange-coupling interaction between grains makes the effective anisotropy of material, Keff, decrease with the reduction of grain size. The variation of Keff is basically the same as that of coercivity. The decrease in effective anisotropy is the main reason of the reduction of coercivity for nanocrystalline single-phase NdFeB permanent magnetic material. In order to get high anisotropy and coercivity in nanocrystalline single-phase NdFeB permanent material, the grain size should be larger than 35 nm.     

Effect of microstructure on the coercivity of HDDR Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetic alloy

The effect of the grain boundary microstructure on the anisotropy and coercivity was investigated in an HDDR Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetic alloy. Considering the special microstructure of its magnetic powder grain, an anisotropic theoretical model influenced simultaneously by the structure defect at the grain boundary and the exchange coupling interaction was put forward. The variations of the structure defect factors based on the nucleation and pinning mechanism with 2r ₀/lex (where r ₀ and lex are the defect thickness and the length of exchange coupling, respectively) were calculated. The results show that the coercivity mechanism of an HDDR Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetic alloy is greatly related to its microstructure defect at the grain boundary. For a fixed lex, when 2r ₀/lex < 1.67, the coercivity is controlled by the pinning mechanism; when 2r ₀/lex > 1.67, it is determined by the nucleation mechanism. The coercivity reaches the maximum when 2r ₀/lex = 1.67. The calculation result is consistent well with the experimental result given by Morimoto et al. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50671055)     

Magnetic anisotropy,exchange coupling and Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction of two-dimensional magnets

The two-dimensional (2D) magnets provide novel opportunities for understanding magnetism and investigating spin related phenomena in several atomic thickness. Multiple features of 2D magnets, such as critical temperatures, magnetoelectric/magneto-optic responses, and spin configurations, depend on the basic magnetic terms that describe various spins interactions and cooperatively determine the spin Hamiltonian of studied systems. In this review, we present a comprehensive survey of three types of basic terms, including magnetic anisotropy that is intimately related with long-range magnetic order, exchange coupling that normally dominates the spin interactions, and Dzyaloshinskii−Moriya interaction (DMI) that favors the noncollinear spin configurations, from the theoretical aspect. We introduce not only the physical features and origin of these crucial terms in 2D magnets but also many correlated phenomena, which may lead to the advance of 2D spintronics.     

烧结Sm2Co17型永磁材料的力学性能及断裂行为的各向异性

对从同一磁体上切取的取向方向不同的三组烧结Sm2Co17试样的抗弯强度进行测定,对其抗弯断口进行宏观观察和扫描电镜观察.对烧结Sm2Co17型永磁材料的力学性能和断裂行为的各向异性进行了研究.研究结果表明:烧结Sm2Co17型永磁材料的抗弯强度和断裂行为具有明显的各向异性,烧结Sm2Co17型永磁材料断裂的微观机制为解理断裂,材料易于沿密排面(0001)面或沿与密排面的夹角大约为60°的晶面解理断裂 关键词： Sm2Co17型永磁 抗弯强度 解理断裂 各向异性     

铁磁共振法测磁各向异性

采用铁磁共振方法,研究了铁磁/反铁磁双层膜系统中,因交换耦合以及磁晶各向异性而产生的有效各向异性场.结果表明:被测系统有无交换偏置场以及其正负号性质等均能在共振谱中得到辨析.结果还显示:沿着不同结晶方向施加外磁场,共振场的行为与磁晶各向异性以及铁磁/反铁磁交换耦合作用而诱发的单向各向异性等密切相关.将共振频率的变化看成外磁场(包括其方向和大小)的函数,研究得到了单向各向异性,立方各向异性等对共振频率的影响,并同实验结果做了很好的比较. 关键词： 铁磁/反铁磁双层膜 交换耦合 铁磁共振 单向各向异性     

Study of the magnetic interaction in nanocrystalline Pr-Fe-Co-Nb-B permanent magnets

The magnetic properties of an isotropic, epoxy resin bonded magnets made from Pr-Fe-Co-Nb-B powder were investigated. The magnetization reversal process and magnetic parameters were examined by measurements of the initial magnetization curve, major and minor hysteresis loops and sets of recoil curves. From the initial magnetization curve and the field dependencies of the reversible and irreversible magnetization components derived from the recoil loops it was found that the magnetization reversal process is the combination of the nucleation of reversed domains and pinning of domain walls at the grain boundaries and the reversible rotation of magnetization vector in single domain grains. The interactions between grains were studied by means of δM plots. The nonlinear behavior of δM curve approve that the short range intergrain exchange coupling interactions are dominant in a field up to the sample coercivity.The interaction domains and fine magnetic structure were revealed as the evidence of exchange coupling between soft α-Fe and hard magnetic Nd₂Fe₁₄B grains.