Molecular organic geochemical peculiarities of lacustrine core sediments in Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, Antarctica

The peculiarities of lipids in lacustrine core sediments from Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, Antarctica, are reported. The origin of high-molecular-weight n-alkanes, alkenes,fatty acids, alcohols is supposed to be related to the abundant moss occurring in the sediments.Abundant iso-and anteiso-fatty acids that occur in the sediments indicate a relatively strong bacterial activity in non-ice-cover zone than in other regions in Antarctica. The C18:2 unsaturated fatty acids mainly originate from autochthonous algae in the sediment pool, and the C18:2/C18:0ratios in the profile are controlled more by paleotemperatures than source assemblies. Long-chain alkenones were identified in freshwater lacustrine sediment in Antarctica for the first time, of which Prymnesiophyceae is assumed to be the source organism. High relative abundance of C37:4honologue in long-chain alkenone well correlates to the severely cold climate in Antarctica.     

Molecular organic geochemical peculiarities of lacustrine core sediments in Fildes Peninsula,King George Island,Antarctica

The peculiarities of lipids in lacustrine core sediments from Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, Antarctica, are reported. The origin of high-molecular-weight n-alkanes, alkenes, fatty acids, alcohols Is supposed to be related to the abundant moss occurring in the sediments. Abundantiso- andanteiso-fatty acids that occur in the sediments indicate a relatively strong bacterial activity in non-ice-cover zone than in other regions in Antarctica. The C_18:2 unsaturated fatty acids mainly originate from autochthonous algae in the sediment pool, and the C_18:2C_18:0 ratios in the profile are controlled more by paleotemperatures than source assemblies. Long-chain alkenones were identified in freshwater lacustrine sediment in Antarctica for the first time, of whichPrymnesiophyceae is assumed to be the source organism. High relative abundance of C_37:4 homologue in long-chain alkenone well correlates to the severely cold climate in Antarctica.

     

琼中古-中元古代变质基性火山岩地球化学特征

琼中斜长角闪(片麻)岩为变质的古-中元古代基性火山岩,属于高铝和低钛的高钾钙碱性玄武岩系.其LILE和LREE明显富集,HFSE相对亏损,具有典型岛弧玄武岩特征.微量元素、Sm-Nd同位素组成还揭示其岩浆源区偏离原始地幔,但未受成熟地壳物质的明显污染,是消减带上部地幔楔与俯冲洋壳析出的流体二元混合物部分熔融的产物.古-中元古宙时期,海南地块可能经历了由拉张到挤压的地球动力学转变,早期拉张阶段形成琼西洋脊型和过渡型拉斑玄武岩,中晚期强烈俯冲作用形成琼中岛弧高钾钙碱性玄武岩,该俯冲期与华南统一地块古-中元古宙板块俯冲时期相对应.     

论南极乔治王岛地理环境的战略意义

作者根据亲自参加中国第五次南极考察的经历,从地理环境尤其是气候对航空、航海的影响方面讨论了中国南极长城站所在地——乔治王岛菲尔德斯半岛区的战略意义。根据对地质基础、金属矿产、火山活动以及冰川侵蚀历史和地貌现象的讨论,指出该区是研究古气候、古环境、大陆漂移和冰川冰缘地貌的极好场所。最后指出,该区种类齐全、数量众多的具有南极特征的动植物和动物间奇特的食物链关系是该区成为重要的生物资源区和受南极条约保护的特别科学兴趣场所的主要原因。     

词汇计量与史诗诸要素的解析--以语料库方法解构格萨尔史诗之《霍岭》

文章利用语料库对格萨尔史诗中的人物、地点、宫殿城堡、武器铠甲、生活用具、氏族部落、诸神祇以及各种动物进行了统计分析。通过统计,一一剥离了史诗的构成要素,勾勒出一个较为清晰的格萨尔史诗的故事结构和生活场景。分析发现,《霍岭》分部的史诗人物超过了1000人,场景或故事地点达800多个,生活用具1000多种,武器铠甲等400多种,甚至战马名称也多达140多个,战神等神祇更是多达400多个,这样庞杂的故事却在史诗里显得那么自然流畅,也从侧面体现了史诗的非同凡响之处。     

南极菲尔德斯半岛湖泊沉积物元素地球化学特征

对南极菲尔德斯半岛西湖沉积岩芯进行中子活化分析,得到沉积物的25个化学元素含量.研究发现西湖沉积物的元素含量由高至低的顺序为:Fe>Ca>Na>Sr>Ba>Zn>Cr>Sc>Ce>Co>Nd>As>Rb>La>Sm>Hf>Yb>Eu>Th>Cs>Tb>U>Lu>Ta>Au;沉积物的化学元素组成与环境风化强度密切相关,在南极岩石风化过程中,元素Fe,Rb,Co,Cr和Ba含量较稳定,而元素Ca,Zn,Na,Ta和U发生不同程度的淋失;元素Na,Hf,Ca和Ta之间,Co,Ce,Fe,Sr,Nd,Sm,Eu,Yb,Lu和Tb之间,Cs,As,La,Sc,Rb,Th和Ba之间共生关系密切,这些元素在沉积层次上的变化具有一致性;西湖沉积物稀土分布模式与安山岩相似.     

Petrology and mineral chemistry of new ureilites found in Grove Mountains, Antarctica

Petrography and mineral chemistry of two new ureilites, GRV 021512 and 022931, from the Grove Mountains, Antarctica, are reported in this paper. GRV 021512 exhibits a typical ureilite texture, and consists of 48.3% olivine, 9.4% pigeonite and 38.1% carbonaceous interstitial material and/or reduction product. GRV 022931 has a cataclastic porphyritic texture, and consists of 19.1% olivine and 14.1% pigeonite embedded in 66.3% carbonaceous interstitial material and/or reduction product. The coarse-grained olivine and pigeonite in both meteorites have homogeneous cores, and they are FeO-rich within the range of the ferroan subgroup （subgroup I） of olivine-pigeonite ureilites. All olivine grains of the meteorites show reduction zones along boundaries and cracks. Abundant diamond coexists with graphite as graphite-rich patches and veins in the carbonaceous interstitial material. Petrogenesis of both meteorites and the origin of diamond are discussed.     

Petrology and mineral chemistry of new ureilites found in Grove Mountains, Antarctica

Petrography and mineral chemistry of two new ureilites, GRV021512 and GRV022931, from the Grove Mountains, Antarctica, are reported in this paper. GRV 021512 exhibits a typical ureilite texture, and consists of 48.3% olivine, 9.4% pigeonite and 38.1% carbonaceous interstitial material and/or reduction product. GRV 022931 has a cataclastic porphyritic texture, and consists of 19.1% olivine and 14.1% pigeonite embedded in 66.3% carbonaceous interstitial material and/or reduction product. The coarse-grained olivine and pigeonite in both meteorites have homogeneous cores, and they are FeO-rich within the range of the ferroan subgroup (subgroup I) of olivine-pigeonite ureilites. All olivine grains of the meteorites show reduction zones along boundaries and cracks. Abundant diamond coexists with graphite as graphite-rich patches and veins in the carbonaceous interstitial material. Petrogenesis of both meteorites and origin of diamond are discussed.     

Decreasing trend of temperature in Princess Elizabeth Land, Antarctica in the past 150 years

A 50-m firn core drilled in Princess Elizabeth Land, Antarctica, during the 1996/1997 Chinese First Antarctic Inland Expedition, has been measured for d 18O and major ions. Based on the high quality of the seasonal variations of major ions, the firn core was dated with errors within ±3 years. The features of the temperature change in the past 150 years in the investigated region have first been studied based on the oxygen isotope in the upper 32.93 m of the firn core. Results show that the temperature decreased nearly by 2℃ in Princess Elizabeth Land in the past 150 years. On the background of the global, especially the Southern Hemispheric warming in the past 150 years, a temperature decline of 2℃ in Princess Elizabeth Land likely reflects the impacts of the unique Southern Hemisphere atmospheric circulation, the Antarctic Circumpolar Wave (ACW) and the special terrain (such as the large drainage basins) on the coastal regions of Antarctica.     

孙悟空的形象塑造与禅宗的关系

通过对孙悟空形象的分析,探讨了《西游助中所蕴含的禅宗重领悟贵言外的宗教哲理。尤其是它注重内心的感悟,擅长畜于哲理的启示,对中国小说创作的丰富和完备起到了重要的作用。     

Type distribution pattern and pairing of ordinary chondrites from Grove Mountains, Antarctica

Twenty-eight meteorites were collected on blue ice in the Grove Mountains region, Antarctica, by the 16th Chinese Antarctic Research Expedition (CHINARE). 26 out of the stones are ordinary chondrites, and their chemical-petrographic types are assigned based on electron probe microanalyses, petrography and mineralogy. 6 of them are unequilibrated L-chondrites, and the other 20 chondrites are equilibrated, including 6 H-group (3 H4, 1 H5 and 2 H6), 9 L-group (3 L4, 1 L5 and 5 L6) and 5 LL-group (2 LL4 and 3 LL5). Detailed comparative study suggests that 10 of them (including other 2 chondrites collected by the 15th CHINARE) could be paired, and represent 5 individual fall events. Hence, all 32 meteorites collected from the Grove Mountains probably belong to 27 fall events, suggestive of meteorite transferring and concentrating processes. The Grove Mountains are likely a new meteorite-enriched region. Distribution patterns of chemical-petrographic type and mass of the Grove Mountains meteorites are significantly distinct from those found in other regions, indicative of their unique sources and/or concentration mechanism. However, more studies are required in order to clarify these differences.     

唐邠王守礼书《大唐王故细人渤海郡高氏墓志之铭》释读

~~唐邠王守礼书《大唐王故细人渤海郡高氏墓志之铭》释读@郭洪涛$偃师市商城博物馆!河南偃师471900~~~~     

海南植物新资料

报道了3种海南新记录植物和1个海南新记录属.新记录属为小金梅草属(HypoxisL.);新记录种分别为狭叶瓶尔小草(Ophioglossum thermale)、闽粤千里光(Senecio stauntonii)及小金梅草(Hypoxis aurea).     

柴达木盆地北缘第三系沉积体系演化模式

基于柴达木盆地北缘第三系的地质背景和构造演化,结合野外露头、岩心、测井解释和地震相特征,研究了沉积相的纵横分布特征并建立了柴北缘第三系沉积体系演化模式。结果表明:盆地边缘的马北、马西和平台地区一带主要以冲积扇和辫状河沉积为主,靠近湖盆中心的南八仙、冷湖Ⅵ号和Ⅶ号、鄂博梁等地区主要发育辫状河三角洲平原或前缘相带。路乐河组(E1+2)冲积扇较为发育,辫状河相对发育;下干柴沟组(E3)主要发育辫状河和辫状河三角洲沉积,下干柴沟组下段(E13)到下干柴沟组上段(E23)是一个辫状河向辫状河三角洲演化的水进沉积序列;上干柴沟组(N1)和油砂山组(N2)发生进一步湖侵,湖盆扩张,为辫状河三角洲前缘与滨浅湖的交互沉积。在此基础上,建立了柴北缘古近纪—新近纪从物源区向盆地中心发育的冲积扇—辫状河—辫状河三角洲—湖泊沉积体系模式,并探讨了沉积体系演化过程及其油气意义。     

Monitoring the concentration of N2O in the Fildes Peninsula, maritime Antarctica

Gases in the marine boundary layer in Fildes Peninsula, maritime Antarctica were sampled and analyzed for the first time. Sampling sites included areas covered by moss and lichen growth, penguin colonies and an area where scientific research stations are located. A total of 211 samples were analyzed for N2O concentrations, with an average of (321.33±3.07) nL/L. This is above the global average value of 314 nL/L. It is found that the N2O concentrations evidently increase during the summer months. Concentrations around the research stations are higher than at remote areas, indicating a potential source from human activities on the island. N2O concentrations at a large penguin colony on Barton Peninsula are the highest among the sampled areas. This may explain why N2O concentrations in Fildes Peninsula are higher than the global average. Our preliminary conclusions are that human activities and emissions from penguin dropping-amended soil and vegetation soil constitute the major sources of N2O in the maritime Antarctic atmosphere.