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1.
Effects of additives and post‐treatment on the thermoelectric performance of vapor‐phase polymerized PEDOT films
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Yanhua Jia Xuejing Li Fengxing Jiang Changcun Li Tongzhou Wang Qinglin Jiang Jian Hou Jingkun Xu 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2017,55(23):1738-1744
Vapor‐phase polymerization (VPP) is an important method for the fabrication of high‐quality conducting polymers, especially poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT). In this work, the effects of additives and post‐treatment solvents on the thermoelectric (TE) performance of VPP‐PEDOT films were systematically investigated. The use of 1‐butyl‐3‐menthylinidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIm][BF4], an ionic liquid) was shown to significantly enhance the electrical conductivity of VPP‐PEDOT films compared with other additives. The VPP‐PEDOT film post‐treated with mixed ethylene glycol (EG)/[BMIm][BF4] solvent displayed the high power factor of 45.3 μW m?1 K?2 which is 122% higher than that prepared without any additive or post‐treatment solvent, along with enhanced electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient. This work highlighted the superior effect of the [BMIm][BF4] additive and the EG/[BMIm][BF4] solvent post‐treatment on the TE performance of the VPP‐PEDOT film. These results should help with developing the VPP method to fabricate high‐performance PEDOT films. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2017 , 55 , 1738–1744 相似文献
2.
Olivier Baslé Dr. Nadine Borduas Pauline Dubois Jean Marc Chapuzet Dr. Tak‐Hang Chan Prof. Jean Lessard Prof. Chao‐Jun Li Prof. 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2010,16(27):8162-8166
The ionic liquid 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [BMIm][BF4] has demonstrated high efficiency when applied as a solvent in the oxidative nitro‐Mannich carbon? carbon bond formation. The copper‐catalyzed cross‐dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) between N‐phenyltetrahydroisoquinoline and nitromethane in [BMIm][BF4] occurred with high yield under the described reaction conditions. Both the ionic liquid and copper catalyst were recycled nine times with almost no lost of activity. The electrochemical behavior of the tertiary amine substrate and β‐nitroamine product was investigated employing [BMIm][BF4] as electrolyte solvent. The potentiostatic electrolysis in ionic liquid afforded the desired product with a high yield. This result and the cyclic voltammetric investigation provide a better understanding of the reaction mechanism, which involves radical and iminium cation intermediates. 相似文献
3.
Titanium dioxide (TiO2 titania) hollow sphere was simply synthesized using various ionic liquids (ILs). The shape and size of TiO2 particles were significantly different with the composition of ILs. This is mainly attributed to the interaction between organic solvent and IL at the interface leading to the formation of sphere. Among the binary ILs, [Bmim][BF4] + [Omim][PF6], [Bmim][BF4] + [Omim][PF6], and [Bmim][PF6] + [Hmim][PF6] were useful to prepare TiO2 nanostructures with high surface area and anatase phase. Especially, [Bmim][BF4] + [Omim][PF6] was the most effective IL to synthesize an anatase TiO2 hollow sphere.
相似文献4.
Mitsuhiro Kanakubo Takafumi Aizawa Hiroshi Nanjo Yasuo Kameda Yuko Amo Takeshi Usuki 《Fluid Phase Equilibria》2010
X-ray diffraction measurements for the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, [BMIM][BF4], mixed with CO2 were carried out at high pressures using our developed polymer cell. The intermolecular distribution functions obtained for [BMIM][BF4]–CO2 mixtures showed that CO2 molecules are preferentially solvated to the [BF4]− anion. The similar preferential solvation was previously observed in analogous 1-btuyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, [BMIM][PF6], with a different anion, which is in harmony with the present results in [BMIM][BF4]–CO2. 相似文献
5.
《Tetrahedron: Asymmetry》2006,17(3):428-433
The enzymatic resolution of (RS)-methyl mandelate with n-butylamine using lipases in organic solvents (n-hexane, tert-butanol, and chloroform) and ionic liquids [BMIm][BF4] and [BMIm][PF6] is reported. The amide configuration is dependent on the organic solvent. When using mixtures of chloroform or tert-butanol/ionic liquids (10:1 v/v) with CAL-B as the catalyst, the amides were obtained in high enantiomeric excess (eep >99% and E >200). 相似文献
6.
Aleksandra Maršavelski Dr. Vilko Smrečki Dr. Robert Vianello Prof. Dr. Mladen Žinić Prof. Dr. Andrea Moguš‐Milanković Dr. Ana Šantić 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2015,21(34):12121-12128
Supramolecular ionogels were prepared by the gelation of room‐temperature ionic liquid 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIm][BF4]) with (S,S)‐bis(leucinol)oxalamide. Remarkably, the ionic conductivity of solutions and ionogels with low gelator concentrations is higher than that of neat [BMIm][BF4]. On the basis of molecular dynamics simulations and quantum mechanical calculations, the origin of this phenomenon is attributed to the higher affinity of gelator molecules towards [BF4]? ions, which reduces the electrostatic attraction between [BMIm]+ and [BF4]? and thus increases their mobility. With increasing gelator concentration, the ionic conductivity decreases due to the formation of a denser gelator matrix, which hinders the pathways for ionic transport. However, even for very dense ionogels, this decrease is less than one order of magnitude relative to neat [BMIm][BF4], and thus they can be classified as highly conductive materials with strong potential for application as functional electrolytes. 相似文献
7.
Yuhuan Chen Suojiang Zhang Xiaoliang Yuan Yanqiang Zhang Xiangping Zhang Ryohei Mori 《Thermochimica Acta》2006,441(1):42-44
The solubility of CO2 in imidazolium ionic liquids (ILs), 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([bmim][BF4]), 1-hexyl-3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([hmim][BF4]) and 1-octyl-3-methyl imidazolium tetrtafluoroborate ([omim][BF4]) was determined at 305-25 K and pressures from 1 to 9 MPa. The influence of chain length of alkyl substituents on the imidazolium cation on the solubility of CO2 was investigated. The differences in solubility with chain length are in the sequence [omim][BF4] > [hmim][BF4] > [bmim][BF4]. The solubility data were correlated by the extended Henry's law, and enthalpy, Gibbs free energy and entropy changes were obtained. 相似文献
8.
Pinyarat Jindaratsamee Yusuke Shimoyama Hironobu Morizaki Akira Ito 《The Journal of chemical thermodynamics》2011,43(3):311-314
The permeability of carbon dioxide (CO2) through imidazolium-based ionic liquid membranes was measured by a sweep gas method. Six species of ionic liquids were studied in this work as follows: [emim][BF4], [bmim][BF4], [bmim][PF6], [bmim][Tf2N], [bmim][OTf], and [bmim][dca]. The ionic liquids were supported with a polyvinylidene fluoride porous membrane. The measurements were performed at T = (303.15 to 343.15) K. The partial pressure difference between feed and permeate sides was 0.121 MPa. The permeability of the CO2 increases with temperature for the all ionic liquid species. Base on solution diffusion theory, it can be explained that the diffusion coefficient of CO2 in an ionic liquid affects the temperature dependence more strongly than the solubility coefficient. The greatest permeability was obtained with the [bmim][Tf2N] membrane. The membrane of [bmim][PF6] presents the lowest permeability.The separation coefficient between CO2 and N2 through the ionic liquid membranes was also investigated at the volume fraction of CO2 at feed side 0.10. The separation coefficient decreases with the increase of temperature for the all ionic liquid species. The membrane of [emim][BF4] and [bmim][BF4] gives the highest separation coefficient at constant temperature. The lowest separation coefficient was obtained from [bmim][Tf2N] membrane which presents the highest permeability of CO2. 相似文献
9.
Chen Hou Rongjun Qu Chunnuan Ji Changmei Sun Chunhua Wang 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2008,46(8):2701-2707
An ionic liquid, 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([C4mim] [BF4]), was first used as the solvent in azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN)‐initiated reverse atom transfer radical polymerization (RATRP) of acrylonitrile with FeCl3/succinic acid (SA) as the catalyst system. The polymerization in [C4mim][BF4] proceeded in a well‐controlled manner as evidenced by kinetic studies. Compared with the polymerization in bulk, the polymerization in [C4mim][BF4] not only showed the best control of molecular weight and its distribution but also provided rather rapid reaction rate with the ratio of [C4mim][BF4] at 200:1:2:4. The polymerization apparent activation energies in [C4mim][BF4] and bulk were calculated to be 48.2 and 55.7 kJ mol?1, respectively. Polyacrylonitrile obtained was successfully used as a macroinitiator to proceed the chain extension polymerization in [C4mim][BF4] via a conventional ATRP process. [C4mim][BF4] and the catalyst system could be easily recycled and reused after simple purification and had no effect on the living nature of polymerization. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 2701–2707, 2008 相似文献
10.
Jin-Woo Lee Kang-Min Lee Young-Hwan Kim Hong-Gyu Park Ji-Hun Lim 《Liquid crystals》2013,40(3):279-284
We studied homogeneous liquid crystal (LC) alignment properties on ion-beam (IB) irradiated TiO2 films deposited by the electron beam evaporation method. Stable homogeneous LC alignment on a TiO2 surface resulted from IB irradiation energy over 1800 eV. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses showed that Ti4+ 2p3/2 and Ti4+ 2p1/2 peaks were increased with increasing IB energy. Assuming that the increased peaks produced anisotropy dipole fields in the direction of the IB exposure process, we confirmed that the increasing IB energy induced strengthened the surface energy for entirely clear and stable LC molecule orientation. The voltage-transmittance characteristics of the twisted-nematic cell on the TiO2 surface indicate that the TiO2 film has potential for use as the LC alignment layer. 相似文献
11.
Michael Wagstaffe Dr. Mark J. Jackman Dr. Karen L. Syres Dr. Alexander Generalov Dr. Andrew G. Thomas 《Chemphyschem》2016,17(21):3430-3434
The interaction of the ionic liquid [C4C1Im][BF4] with anatase TiO2, a model photoanode material, has been studied using a combination of synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy and near‐edge X‐ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy. The system is of interest as a model for fundamental electrolyte–electrode and dye‐sensitized solar cells. The initial interaction involves degradation of the [BF4]? anion, resulting in incorporation of F into O vacancies in the anatase surface. At low coverages, [C4C1Im][BF4] is found to order at the anatase(101) surface via electrostatic attraction, with the imidazolium ring oriented 32±4° from the anatase TiO2 surface. As the coverage of ionic liquid increases, the influence of the oxide surface on the topmost layers is reduced and the ordering is lost. 相似文献
12.
Ricardo M. Campos Alexandre C. P. M. Alves Marco A. L. Lima Artur F. M. Farinha João P. S. Cardoso Prof. Adélio Mendes Dr. José C. S. Costa Prof. Luís M. N. B. F. Santos 《Chemphyschem》2020,21(16):1814-1825
In this study, a homogeneous thin film growth of pentacene onto indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass surfaces is explored using a high-resolution and reproducible vapor deposition methodology. Moreover, vacuum thermal evaporation of ionic liquids (ILs) ([C2C1im][NTf2] and [C2C1im][OTF]) onto ITO, gold/palladium (AuPd) and pentacene surfaces were performed. A greater wettability behavior of ILs is observed for surfaces containing AuPd. Sequential and simultaneous depositions of ILs and pentacene were explored. Simultaneous depositions lead to the formation of nanocomposites films, consisting of IL micro- and nanodroplets covered by pentacene layers. Plasma surface treatment was used to induce the ILs droplets coalescence and explore the dynamics and phase separation of the nanocomposites. The [C2C1im][OTF] droplets were found to be completely covered with pentacene, which suggests a great affinity between cation-anion pairs and the aromatic moiety. Pentacene films and their nanocomposites with ILs exhibit a typical optical band gap of Egap=1.77 eV, indicating that the nanocomposite phase domains are large enough to behavior as the bulk. 相似文献
13.
Bruna F. Soares Daniil R. Nosov Jos M. Pires Andrey A. Tyutyunov Elena I. Lozinskaya Dmitrii Y. Antonov Alexander S. Shaplov Isabel M. Marrucho 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,27(2)
This work aims to explore the gas permeation performance of two newly-designed ionic liquids, [C2mim][CF3BF3] and [C2mim][CF3SO2C(CN)2], in supported ionic liquid membranes (SILM) configuration, as another effort to provide an overall insight on the gas permeation performance of functionalized-ionic liquids with the [C2mim]+ cation. [C2mim][CF3BF3] and [C2mim][CF3SO2C(CN)2] single gas separation performance towards CO2, N2, and CH4 at T = 293 K and T = 308 K were measured using the time-lag method. Assessing the CO2 permeation results, [C2mim][CF3BF3] showed an undermined value of 710 Barrer at 293.15 K and 1 bar of feed pressure when compared to [C2mim][BF4], whereas for the [C2mim][CF3SO2C(CN)2] IL an unexpected CO2 permeability of 1095 Barrer was attained at the same experimental conditions, overcoming the results for the remaining ILs used for comparison. The prepared membranes exhibited diverse permselectivities, varying from 16.9 to 22.2 for CO2/CH4 and 37.0 to 44.4 for CO2/N2 gas pairs. The thermophysical properties of the [C2mim][CF3BF3] and [C2mim][CF3SO2C(CN)2] ILs were also determined in the range of T = 293.15 K up to T = 353.15 K at atmospheric pressure and compared with those for other ILs with the same cation and anion’s with similar chemical moieties. 相似文献
14.
A novel biocomposite film based on hyaluronic acid (HA) and hydrophilic room temperature ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([EMIM][BF4]) was explored. Here, HA was used as a binder to form [EMIM][BF4]-HA composite film and help [EMIM][BF4] to attaching on glass carbon electrode (GCE) surface, while doping [EMIM][BF4] in HA can effectively reduce the electron transfer resistance of HA. The composite film can be readily used as an immobilization matrix to entrap myoglobin (Mb). A pair of well-defined and quasi-reversible redox peaks of Mb was obtained at the Mb-[EMIM][BF4]-HA composite film modified GCE (Mb-[EMIM][BF4]-HA/GCE) through direct electron transfer between Mb and the underlying electrode. The Mb-[EMIM][BF4]-HA/GCE showed an excellent electrocatalytic activity toward the reduction of H2O2. Based on the [EMIM][BF4]-HA biocomposite film, a third-generation reagentless biosensor could be constructed for the determination of H2O2. 相似文献
15.
V. P. Kashparova E. A. Khokhlova K. I. Galkin V. M. Chernyshev V. P. Ananikov 《Russian Chemical Bulletin》2015,64(5):1069-1073
The organic ionic oxidant 4-acetamido-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-oxopiperidinium tetrafluoroborate, [Pip*(O)][BF4], was found to be compatible with both classical organic solvents and the ionic liquids [BMIm][Cl]/[BMIm][BF4] (BMIm is 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium), which are essential in the conversion of cellulose biomass. A unique NMR monitoring procedure developed in our group was used to study the conversion of fructose to 2,5-diformylfuran in ionic liquids. This process can successfully be carried out in a “one-pot” fashion; [Pip*(O)][BF4] efficiently oxidizes intermediate 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. The reaction is highly selective, giving 2,5-diformylfuran in 95% yield. 相似文献
16.
HongJing Liu Yang Jiao Hui Yao Yang Pan Bo Li 《Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology》2016,37(10):1526-1533
Nano-emulsions containing task-special ionic liquid ([NH2ebim][PF6]) were prepared by spontaneous emulsification. The stability of nano-emulsions was investigated by analysis of droplet size. The microstructure of the mixed solvent including the Triton X-100, n-butanol, and [NH2ebim][PF6] was demonstrated based on macular dynamic simulation. The results indicate that nano-emulsions are relatively stable to the droplet growth at static storage, but unstable under high centrifugal force. Simulation results from the macular dynamic calculation show that [NH2ebim][PF6] locates in the hydrophobic layer of Triton X-100 and n-butanol, which is available for enhancing CO2 mass transfer in an absorption process. Nano-emulsions were used as the absorbent to absorb CO2 in absorption experiments, and the absorption rates were investigated. The results show that nano-emulsion containing [NH2ebim][PF6] can enhance CO2 absorption rate compared to the system that pure water was used as the absorbent. The reason is attributed to the reversible chemical reaction between [NH2ebim][PF6] and CO2 on the interface of oil and water, which decreases the concentration of CO2 in the bulk so as to increase the mass transfer driving force between gas and liquid. Therefore, the chemical reaction on the interface of oil and water promotes the absorption process. 相似文献
17.
A novel type of glucose sensor was fabricated based on a glucose oxidase (GOD)-N,N-dimethtylformamide (DMF)-[BMIm][BF4] composites modified three-dimensional ordered macroporous (3DOM) gold film electrode. The immobilized GOD exhibits a pair
of well-defined reversible peaks in 50 mM pH 7.0 phosphate buffer solutions (PBS), which could be attributed to the redox
of flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) in GOD. The research results show that ionic liquid ([BMIm][BF4]), DMF and 3DOM gold film are crucial for GOD to exhibit a pair of stable and reversible peaks. It is believed that the large
active area of 3DOM gold film can increase the amount of immobilized GOD. Simultaneously, the application of IL enhances the
stability of GOD and facilitates the electron transfer between GOD and the electrode. The synergetic effect of DMF can help
the GOD to maintain its bioactivity better. GOD immobilized on the electrode exhibits the favorable electrocatalytic property
to glucose, and the prepared sensor has a linear range from 10 to 125 nM with a detection limit of 3.3 nM at a signal-to-noise
ratio of 3σ. The apparent K
m (Michaelis- Menten constant) for the enzymatic reaction is 0.018 mM. 相似文献
18.
Ulrich Siemeling Sabine Tomm Clemens Bruhn 《Journal of organometallic chemistry》2006,691(23):5056-5059
The pyrazinium salt [FcCH2pyz][BF4] (1) and the quinoxalinium salt [FcCH2quin][BF4] (2) were prepared by the reaction of [FcCH2][BF4] with pyrazine and quinoxaline, respectively and characterised by spectroscopic methods, cyclic voltammetry and by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, which revealed the absence of any π-π-stacking motifs in the crystal structures. 相似文献
19.
Spindle-like TiO2 nanostructures was prepared by a simple one pot solvothermal method followed by calcination at 400 °C for 3 h. The sample was characterized using various techniques such as X-ray diffractometer, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy. The crystal structure of TiO2 nanostructure was measured by X-ray diffractometer. According to the XRD result, the peaks in the sample can be indexed to anatase phase of TiO2. The morphological characterization of TiO2 sample was examined by transmission electron microscopy. The synthesized sample consisted of spindle-like shape with size in the range of 50–70 nm. The band gap value of Spindle-like TiO2 nanostructures is 2.92 eV, which is lower than that of bulk TiO2 of 3.2 eV. The FTIR bands observed at 493, 443 and 428 cm?1 confirms the presence of TiO2. The Spindle-like TiO2 nanostructures showed photodegradation ability for methyl orange and methyl blue dye. The reuse evaluation of the Spindle-like TiO2 nanostructures showed that their photocatalytic activity had good durability. 相似文献
20.
Electrocatalytic and Solar‐Driven CO2 Reduction to CO with a Molecular Manganese Catalyst Immobilized on Mesoporous TiO2
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Timothy E. Rosser Dr. Christopher D. Windle Dr. Erwin Reisner 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2016,55(26):7388-7392
Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to CO was achieved with a novel Mn complex, fac‐[MnBr(4,4′‐bis(phosphonic acid)‐2,2′‐bipyridine)(CO)3] ( MnP ), immobilized on a mesoporous TiO2 electrode. A benchmark turnover number of 112±17 was attained with these TiO2| MnP electrodes after 2 h electrolysis. Post‐catalysis IR spectroscopy demonstrated that the molecular structure of the MnP catalyst was retained. UV/vis spectroscopy confirmed that an active Mn–Mn dimer was formed during catalysis on the TiO2 electrode, showing the dynamic formation of a catalytically active dimer on an electrode surface. Finally, we combined the light‐protected TiO2| MnP cathode with a CdS‐sensitized photoanode to enable solar‐light‐driven CO2 reduction with the light‐sensitive MnP catalyst. 相似文献