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Christoph Brause Arnfried Kemnitz Massimiliano Marangio Anja Pruchnewski Margit Voigt 《Discrete Mathematics》2017,340(11):2633-2640
Let be a simple graph and for every vertex let be a set (list) of available colors. is called -colorable if there is a proper coloring of the vertices with for all . A function is called a choice function of and is said to be -list colorable if is -colorable for every list assignment choice function is defined by and the sum choice number
denotes the minimum size of a choice function of .Sum list colorings were introduced by Isaak in 2002 and got a lot of attention since then.For a generalized
-graph is a simple graph consisting of two vertices and connected by internally vertex disjoint paths of lengths
.In 2014, Carraher et al. determined the sum-paintability of all generalized -graphs which is an online-version of the sum choice number and consequently an upper bound for it.In this paper we obtain sharp upper bounds for the sum choice number of all generalized -graphs with and characterize all generalized -graphs which attain the trivial upper bound . 相似文献
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Ryan Alweiss 《Discrete Mathematics》2018,341(4):981-989
The generalized Ramsey number is the smallest positive integer such that any red–blue coloring of the edges of the complete graph either contains a red copy of or a blue copy of . Let denote a cycle of length and denote a wheel with vertices. In 2014, Zhang, Zhang and Chen determined many of the Ramsey numbers of odd cycles versus larger wheels, leaving open the particular case where is even and . They conjectured that for these values of and , . In 2015, Sanhueza-Matamala confirmed this conjecture asymptotically, showing that . In this paper, we prove the conjecture of Zhang, Zhang and Chen for almost all of the remaining cases. In particular, we prove that if , , and . 相似文献
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Let be a graph with vertex set . A moplex of is both a clique and a module whose neighborhood is a minimal separator in or empty. A moplex ordering of is an ordered partition of for some integer into moplexes which are defined in the successive transitory elimination graphs, i.e., for , is a moplex of the graph induced by and induces a clique. In this paper we prove the terminal vertex by an execution of the lexicographical depth-first search (LexDFS for short) algorithm on belongs to a moplex whose vertices are numbered consecutively and further that the LexDFS algorithm on defines a moplex ordering of , which is similar to the result about the maximum cardinality search (MCS for short) algorithm on chordal graphs [J.R.S. Blair, B.W. Peyton, An introduction to chordal graphs and clique trees, IMA Volumes in Mathematics and its Applications, 56 (1993) pp. 1–30] and the result about the lexicographical breadth-first search (LexBFS for short) algorithm on general graphs [A. Berry, J.-P. Bordat, Separability generalizes Dirac’s theorem, Discrete Appl. Math., 84 (1998) 43–53]. As a corollary, we can obtain a simple algorithm on a chordal graph to generate all minimal separators and all maximal cliques. 相似文献
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Chan-Wei Chang Ma-Lian Chia Cheng-Ju Hsu David Kuo Li-Ling Lai Fu-Hsing Wang 《Discrete Applied Mathematics》2012,160(4-5):479-487
Given a graph , a defensive alliance of is a set of vertices satisfying the condition that for each , at least half of the vertices in the closed neighborhood of are in . A defensive alliance is called global if every vertex in is adjacent to at least one member of the defensive alliance . The global defensive alliance number of , denoted , is the minimum size around all the global defensive alliances of . In this paper, we present an efficient algorithm to determine the global defensive alliance numbers of trees, and further give formulas to decide the global defensive alliance numbers of complete -ary trees for . We also establish upper bounds and lower bounds for and , and show that the bounds are sharp for certain . 相似文献
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Let be a set of at least two vertices in a graph . A subtree of is a -Steiner tree if . Two -Steiner trees and are edge-disjoint (resp. internally vertex-disjoint) if (resp. and ). Let (resp. ) be the maximum number of edge-disjoint (resp. internally vertex-disjoint) -Steiner trees in , and let (resp. ) be the minimum (resp. ) for ranges over all -subset of . Kriesell conjectured that if for any , then . He proved that the conjecture holds for . In this paper, we give a short proof of Kriesell’s Conjecture for , and also show that (resp. ) if (resp. ) in , where . Moreover, we also study the relation between and , where is the line graph of . 相似文献
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Let denote a path in a graph with vertices. A vertex cover set in is a vertex subset such that every in has at least a vertex in . The Vertex Cover problem is to find a vertex cover set of minimum cardinality in a given graph. This problem is NP-hard for any integer . The parameterized version of Vertex Cover problem called -Vertex Cover asks whether there exists a vertex cover set of size at most in the input graph. In this paper, we give two fixed parameter algorithms to solve the -Vertex Cover problem. The first algorithm runs in time in polynomial space and the second algorithm runs in time in exponential space. Both algorithms are faster than previous known fixed-parameter algorithms. 相似文献
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Let be a graph. A set is a restrained dominating set if every vertex not in is adjacent to a vertex in and to a vertex in . The restrained domination number of , denoted by , is the smallest cardinality of a restrained dominating set of . We define the restrained bondage number of a nonempty graph to be the minimum cardinality among all sets of edges for which . Sharp bounds are obtained for , and exact values are determined for several classes of graphs. Also, we show that the decision problem for is NP-complete even for bipartite graphs. 相似文献
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Susan A. van Aardt Christoph Brause Alewyn P. Burger Marietjie Frick Arnfried Kemnitz Ingo Schiermeyer 《Discrete Mathematics》2017,340(11):2673-2677
An edge-coloured graph is called properly connected if any two vertices are connected by a path whose edges are properly coloured. The proper connection number of a connected graph denoted by , is the smallest number of colours that are needed in order to make properly connected. Our main result is the following: Let be a connected graph of order and . If , then except when and where and 相似文献
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Let be a connected graph with vertex set and edge set . For a subset of , the Steiner distance of is the minimum size of a connected subgraph whose vertex set contains . For an integer with , the Steiner-Wiener index is . In this paper, we introduce some transformations for trees that do not increase their Steiner -Wiener index for . Using these transformations, we get a sharp lower bound on Steiner -Wiener index for trees with given diameter, and obtain the corresponding extremal graph as well. 相似文献
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The vertex arboricity of a graph is the minimum number of colors required to color the vertices of such that no cycle is monochromatic. The list vertex arboricity is the list-coloring version of this concept. In this note, we prove that if is a toroidal graph, then ; and if and only if contains as an induced subgraph. 相似文献
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A graph is a vertex stable graph if it contains a after deleting any subset of vertices. We give a characterization of vertex stable graphs with minimum size for . 相似文献