基于西门子Climatix控制器的液体除湿空调控制系统研制

论文主要是以液体除湿空调器为对象研制了一套控制系统,完成其相关的输入输出控制。在控制系统研制过程中充分考虑系统运行的稳定性以及实验操作的简便性,采用先进的人机交互式控制界面,用西门子Cli-matix控制器作为下位机进行现场控制,通过触摸屏输入信号,实现对实验的热源温度、风速、流量等进行精确的调节,还具有实验系统故障报警与诊断等功能。实验证明该系统很好地完成了液体除湿空调系统要求的控制任务。     

蓄能型液体除湿冷却空调系统的建立与实验研究

本文提出了一种蓄能型液体除湿蒸发冷却空调系统的设计方案,并基于此方案搭建了一个制冷量为3 kW的蓄能型液体除湿蒸发冷却空调系统实验台。通过电加热器模拟60~80℃的低品位热源(太阳能、发动机排气余热、工业余热等),以LiCl水溶液作为除湿溶液,主要研究了在系统稳定运行时,各环境参数对此除湿蒸发冷却空调系统性能系数COP的影响情况。     

双级热管转轮除湿空调系统性能研究

转轮除湿空调系统是将转轮除湿机与常用冷却方式相结合实现空调制冷的新型空调系统。为降低转轮除湿空调系统的再生能耗以及提高系统的冷却能力,本文提出双级热管转轮除湿空调系统,系统利用重力热管的冷凝段实现转轮除湿机的再生,蒸发段实现处理空气的冷却。建立了双级热管除湿转轮空调系统传热传湿模型,模拟分析了系统在不同工况下系统的降温除湿特性。研究表明,处理空气进口温度越高,系统的冷却能力越强但系统的除湿能力降低;处理空气湿度越高,系统的除湿能力越强,但系统的冷却能力降低;再生温度越高,系统除湿能力越强,系统热力性能系数越低,但冷却能力降低。综合降温除湿能力及节能要求,双级热管转轮除湿空调系统的再生温度不宜过高,推荐≤80℃。     

液体除湿空调再生性能的实验研究

在对液体除湿和再生机理研究的基础上,建立了太阳能液体除湿空调系统,其中的再生器采用逆流式填料塔,塔体采用不锈钢材质,有效克服了除湿溶液对它们的腐蚀。本实验采用氯化钙作为除湿剂重点研究了再生过程,分析了各种进口参数对再生效果的影响。结果表明:空气流量和含湿量以及除湿溶液的流量和再生温度对再生过程的传热和传质有不同程度的影响。     

单转轮除湿空调系统夏季工况实验研究

介绍了单转轮除湿热泵空调系统,通过实验,对其系统进行了夏季工况除湿性能研究。当除湿区入口干球温度在28℃~40℃之间以温差2℃为一工况增加,温度一定时含湿量在8~20g/kg之间以2g/kg为一工况增加时,新风按20%比例与回风混合,混合风由硅胶转轮除湿后再经过热泵蒸发器冷却降温送入空调区。实验结果表明,从热泵蒸发器处理后的空气温度稳定在20℃左右,满足送风要求;从热泵冷凝器出来的空气温度为60℃左右,满足对转轮再生温度的要求;热泵机组的COP均值为2.7;硅胶转轮除湿率均值为0.32,除湿效率比较明显。     

干风冷水型转轮空调系统全寿命特性研究

干风冷水型转轮空调系统是一种新型的转轮除湿空调系统,它基于吸附除湿和再生式蒸发冷却技术能够在夏季同时输出干空气和较低温度的冷冻水,克服了现有转轮除湿空调显热处理能力的不足。本文采用全寿命周期研究方法,对此种新型转轮空调系统在上海夏季和冬季运行的模式下进行全寿命的能耗分析、全寿命经济分析及碳信用分析,并与传统蒸汽压缩式空调系统进行对比。     

太阳能吸收/压缩复叠双温制冷系统特性研究

根据温湿度独立控制空调系统所需冷量的品位不同,提出了一种冷量梯级利用的太阳能吸收/压缩复叠双温制冷系统,由太阳能溴化锂单效吸收制冷子系统、高温冷水循环子系统和水冷压缩制冷子系统复叠而成。建立了新系统的热力学数学模型,分析太阳能溴化锂单效吸收制冷子系统蒸发温度、发生温度和环境温度对新系统性能影响,并与传统的太阳能溴化锂单效吸收制冷(SSAR)系统和太阳能吸收/压缩复叠制冷(SAC-CR)系统进行性能比较。结果表明,存在最优的发生温度和环境温度使系统所需集热面积最小,新系统所需集热器面积均低于传统SAC-CR和SSAR系统,且新系统功耗显著低于传统SAC-CR系统,为面向温湿度独立控制空调系统应用的吸收/压缩复叠双温制冷机组研制提供理论依据。     

热泵除湿系统的数值模拟及实验研究

新风独立的湿度控制系统可以有效地防止病毒的扩散。热泵除湿是新风独立系统中的一种高效的除湿方式。本文利用分布参数法建立了热泵除湿系统的数学模型,并且建立了热泵除湿实验台,开展实验验证所建立的数学模型。结果表明该模型能够比较精确地预测热泵除湿系统在高温高湿工况下的除湿性能。利用所建立的数学模型研究了空气温度,相对湿度,空气流量变化时,对该系统的除湿能力和COP的影响。模拟结果亦表明热泵除湿系统在高温高湿的条件下的除湿能力和COP都具有很强的鲁棒性。     

干燥剂除湿复合空调热力学特性研究

干燥剂除湿复合空调系统与传统的压缩式制冷空调相比,不仅降低了高品位能源消耗,而且可以实现温湿度单独控制,是一项非常有潜力的制冷技术。传统空调系统蒸发器同时承担显热负荷和潜热负荷,而复合空调系统的蒸发器只承担显热负荷。本文主要研究了潜热、显热分级处理对干燥剂除湿复合空调系统热力学特性的影响。     

内冷型膜式液体除湿系统热力学动态特性研究

本文对内冷型膜式液体除湿系统的动态特性开展研究,通过对除湿器、除湿液箱、再生液箱等关键部件的传热传质过程进行数值建模,从而构建整个系统的热力学动态模型。计算结果表明,在夏季高温高湿环境下内冷型膜除湿系统具有良好的除湿降温性能。系统启动初期,除湿液箱和再生液箱的温度急剧变化,并在大概10分钟后达到稳定,说明系统热响应较快。当系统的除湿和再生过程达到相对平衡后,系统的能效比最大。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

A stereo matching algorithm using multi-peak candidate matches and geometric constraints

Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate.