Thermochemical hole burning on a series of N-substituted morpholinium 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane charge-transfer complexes for data storage

We demonstrate here the thermochemical hole burning (THB) effect on a series of N-substituted morpholinium 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane charge-transfer (C-T) complexes for ultra-high-density data storage. A correlation between the decomposition temperature of the charge-transfer complex and the threshold voltage of hole burning was observed: the higher the decomposition temperature, the larger the writing threshold value, suggesting the possibility of molecular design for optimizing the hole burning performance. The macroscopic decomposition properties of these charge-transfer complexes were studied by thermal gravimetry combined with mass spectrometry. Theoretical estimation of the temperature rise induced by scanning tunneling microscopy current heating was also conducted, which indicated that the maximum temperature certainly exceeds the decomposition temperatures of these C-T complexes. These observations are consistent with the thermochemical hole burning mechanism.     

DEA(TCNQ)2与TEA(TCNQ)2单晶上的STM热化学烧孔性能比较

利用STM隧道电流焦耳热诱导分解气化的热化学烧孔方法,对两种存储材料DEA(TCNQ)2和TEA(TCNQ)2的存储性能作了比较,DEA(TCNQ)2可以得到更高的存储密度、更大的信息孔深/孔径比,有更大的写入阈值电压.由此说明通过对存储材料的设计可以对存储系统的性能进行优化.     

Effect of Fluoride Atoms on the Electrochemical Performance of Tetracyanoquinodimethane(TCNQ) Electrodes in Zinc-ion Batteries

Tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) electrode material has achieved excellent performance in aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs). However, fundamental understanding about effect of substitutes on electrochemical performance of TCNQ remain unknown. In this work, the effects of fluorine (F) as an electron-absorbing group on the structure, morphology and electrochemical performance of TCNQ and storage mechanism of TCNQ in AZIBs are discussed. Theoretical calculation proves that the introduction of fluorine atoms decreases lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy of TCNQ thus affect the redox potential. Electrochemical performance of TCNQ/Fluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (FTCNQ)/2,3,5,6-Tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (F₄TCNQ) is evaluated from 25 °C to −20 °C in AZIBs. Results tend out that with the increasing substituents of F on TCNQ molecular, their stability in AZIBs decrease. Dipole moment calculation further shows that the introduction of fluorine atoms is inconducive to the stability of the electrode material in aqueous solution. Ex-situ characterization demonstrate that electron withdrawing groups do not change the REDOX center of TCNQ electrode materials. Our work provides a new thought for the selection of the electrode material in AZIBs.     

Spectroscopic investigation of the charge-transfer interactions between 1,4,7-trimethyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane and the acceptors iodine, TCNE, TCNQ and chloranil

The interaction of the interesting polynitrogen cyclic base 1,4,7-trimethyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane (TMTACN) with the sigma-acceptor iodine and pi-acceptors tetracyanoethylene (TCNE), 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) and tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone (chloranil) have been studied spectrophotometrically and cyclic voltametrically in chloroform at 20 degrees C. Based on the obtained data, the formed charge-transfer complexes were formulated as [(TMTACN)I](+).I(3)(-), [(TMTACN)(TCNE)(5)], [(TMTACN)(TCNQ)(3)] and [(TMTACN)(chloranil)(3)] where the stoichiometry of the reactions, donor:acceptor molar ratios, were shown to equal 1:2 for iodine complex, 1:3 for chloranil and TCNQ complexes and 1:5 for TCNE complex.     

Preparation of metal-TCNQ charge-transfer complexes on conducting and insulating surfaces by photocrystallization

A generic method for the synthesis of metal-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) charge-transfer complexes on both conducting and nonconducting substrates is achieved by photoexcitation of TCNQ in acetonitrile in the presence of a sacrificial electron donor and the relevant metal cation. The photochemical reaction leads to reduction of TCNQ to the TCNQ(-) monoanion. In the presence of M(x+)(MeCN), reaction with TCNQ(-)(MeCN) leads to deposition of M(x+)[TCNQ]x crystals onto a solid substrate with morphologies that are dependent on the metal cation. Thus, CuTCNQ phase I photocrystallizes as uniform microrods, KTCNQ as microrods with a random size distribution, AgTCNQ as very long nanowires up to 30 mum in length and with diameters of less than 180 nm, and Co[TCNQ](2)(H(2)O)(2) as nanorods and wires. The described charge-transfer complexes have been characterized by optical and scanning electron microscopy and IR and Raman spectroscopy. The CuTCNQ and AgTCNQ complexes are of particular interest for use in memory storage and switching devices. In principle, this simple technique can be employed to generate all classes of metal-TCNQ complexes and opens up the possibility to pattern them in a controlled manner on any type of substrate.     

Anion-Radical Salts of 7,7,8,8-Tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) with Cations Based on Amino-Chloropyridines

Anion-radical salts of 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) with N-methyl-2-amino-5-chloropyridinium and N-methyl-2-chloro-3-aminopyridinium cations of simple and complex compositions were synthesized and studied. The salt (N?CH₃?2?Cl₃NH₂?Py)(TCNQ) is electrically conducting and thermally stable up to 340°C. This enables use of this anion-radical salt in electronics of organic materials.

     

DPA(TCNQ)2的烧孔阈值电压对脉宽的依赖关系

合成了一种新的二元电荷转移复合物DPA(TCNQ)2（二丙胺-7,7,8,8-四氰基对亚甲基苯醌)，并得到了其单晶ab面的STM高分辨图像，表面晶格常数与体相晶格常数的XRD数据完全一致.用STM成功地写入了5×5的信息点阵，并在5.1 μm×5.1 μm的面积上写入更大规模的信息点阵，写入的可靠性和稳定性都很高.实验发现，烧孔阈值电压强烈依赖于脉宽,这一现象不支持场致蒸发的机理.理论分析表明，它支持热化学烧孔的机理.     

Synthesis, spectroscopic and thermal investigations of solid charge-transfer complexes of 1,4,7-trimethyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane and the acceptors iodine, TCNE, TCNQ and chloranil

The solid charge-transfer complexes formed in the reaction of the electron donor 1,4,7-trimethyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane (TMTACN) with the acceptors iodine, tetracyanoethylene (TCNE) and 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) have been isolated. These were characterized through electronic and infrared spectra as well as thermal and elemental analysis. The results show that the formed solid CT-complexes have the formulas [(TMTACN)I]I3, [(TMTACN)(TCNE)5] and [(TMTACN)(TCNQ)3] in full agreement with the known reaction stoichiometries in solution. The chloranil CT-solid complex cannot be isolated in pure form.     

New strong organic acceptors by cycloaddition of TCNE and TCNQ to donor-substituted cyanoalkynes

Donor-substituted 1,1,2,4,4-pentacyanobuta-1,3-dienes and a cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-diylidene-expanded derivative were prepared by a [2 + 2] cycloaddition of tetracyanoethene (TCNE) or 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) to anilino-substituted cyanoalkynes, followed by retro-electrocyclisation; they feature intense bathochromically-shifted intramolecular charge-transfer bands and undergo their first one-electron reductions at potentials similar to those reported for TCNE and TCNQ.     

High pressure Raman studies of 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) and CuTCNQ

The high-pressure Raman studies of 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) single crystals and polycrystalline CuTCNQ are presented in this paper. TCNQ shows a phase transition at 22 kbar, a pressure higher than reported earlier. CuTCNQ undergoes a first order phase transition at 30 kbar, which is characterized by the abrupt disappearance of all the Raman bands.     

界面电子受体分子对硫化镉纳米微粒光学性质的影响

纳米微粒的光学性质是固体微结构、微器件研究中的重要方向。纳米微粒可用于光信息存储、转换及光开关等,影响其光学性质的因素有尺寸、结构、组成及其周围的化学环境等。在结构和成分不变时微粒的光学吸收带边(E_g)可由下式描述:     

A novel reaction of 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ): charge-transfer chromophores by [2 + 2] cycloaddition with alkynes

A series of donor-acceptor molecules, featuring intense low-energy intramolecular charge-transfer bands, was prepared by regioselective [2 + 2] cycloaddition between 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) and N,N-dialkylanilino-substituted (DAA-substituted) alkynes, followed by ring opening of the initially formed cyclobutenes.     

Synthesis,characterization and complexation studies of bis-oxy biphenyl based novel diamides

A series of bis-oxy biphenyl based diamides have been synthesized and characterized from spectral and XRD data. All the diamides form charge-transfer (CT) complex with 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ).     

Wannier spin excitons in charge-transfer complexes

Electron spin resonance in some charge-transfer complexes of 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) with sulphanilamides and antibiotics has been investigated. The ESR spectra are caused by two types of paramagnetic centres: the impurity type and the thermally excited type (Wannier spin excitons).     

Iron pentacarbonyl as a precursor for molecule-based magnets: formation of Fe[TCNE](2) (T(c) = 100 K) and Fe[TCNQ](2) (T(c) = 35 K) magnets

The reaction of tetracyanoethylene (TCNE) and 7,7,8,8-tetracyano-p-quinodimethane (TCNQ) with Fe(CO)(5) leads to formation of magnetically ordered materials of Fe[TCNE](2) (T(c) = 100 K) and Fe[TCNQ](2) (T(c) = 35 K) composition, respectively. In contrast, the reaction with 1,2-dichloro-5,6-dicyanobenzoquinone (DDQ) leads to a paramagnetic material.     

Direct detection by atomic force microscopy of single bond forces associated with the rupture of discrete charge-transfer complexes

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to measure the chemical binding force of discrete electron donor-acceptor complexes formed at the interface between proximal self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). Derivatives of the well-known electron donor N,N,N',N'-tetramethylphenylenediamine (TMPD) and the electron acceptor 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) were immobilized on Au-coated AFM tips and substrates by formation of SAMs of N,N,N'-trimethyl-N'-(10-thiodecyl)-1,4-phenylenediamine (I) and bis(10-(2-((2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-diylidene)dimalonitrile))decyl) disulfide (II), respectively. Pull-off forces between modified tips and substrates were measured under CHCl(3) solvent. The mean pull-off forces associated with TMPD/TCNQ microcontacts were more than an order of magnitude larger than the pull-off forces for TMPD/TMPD and TCNQ/TCNQ microcontacts, consistent with the presence of specific charge-transfer interactions between proximal TMPD donors and TCNQ acceptors. Furthermore, histograms of pull-off forces for TMPD/TCNQ contacts displayed 70 +/- 15 pN periodicity, assigned to the rupture of individual TMPD-TCNQ donor-acceptor (charge-transfer) complexes. Both the mean pull-off force and the 70 pN force quantum compare favorably with a contact mechanics model that incorporates the effects of discrete chemical bonds, solvent surface tensions, and random contact area variations in consecutive pull-offs. From the 70 pN force quantum, we estimate the single bond energy to be approximately 4-5 kJ/mol, in reasonable agreement with thermodynamic data. These experiments establish that binding forces due to discrete chemical bonds can be detected directly in AFM pull-off measurements employing SAM modified probes and substrates. Because SAMs can be prepared with a wide range of exposed functional groups, pull-off measurements between SAM-coated tips and substrates may provide a general strategy for directly measuring binding forces associated with a variety of simple, discrete chemical bonds, e.g., single hydrogen bonds.     

聚电解质中阳离子浓度对7,7,8,8-四氰基苯醌二甲烷现场显微红外光谱的影响

用现场显微红外光谱电化学技术研究了聚电解质中TCNQ在电化学还原过程中二价阴离子与Li~+离子之间形成的离子对.离子对效应随阳离子浓度增加而增大.观察到一个文献中未曾报道的谱带位于2130cm~(-1)附近.     

Positive dendritic effects on the electron-donating potencies of poly(propylene imine) dendrimers

[structure: see text] Two series of poly(propylene imine), PPI, dendrimers terminated with a redox-active donor, 4-dimethylaminobenzyl (4-DMAB), including their respective nondendronized model compounds, are reported. In these two series, a positive dendritic effect was observed for the formation of charge-transfer (CT) complexes between the dendrimers and 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ). However, the nondendronized compounds did not form CT complexes with TCNQ, even though their redox potentials are similar to those of the 4-DMAB units attached to the dendrimers.     

Synthesis,spectroscopic and thermal structural investigations of the charge-transfer complexes formed in the reaction of 1-methylpiperidine with σ- and π-acceptors

The reactions of the electron donor 1-methylpiperidine (1MP) with the π-acceptors 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ), tetracyanoethylene (TCNE), 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-p-benzoquinone (DDQ), 2,3,5,6-tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone (chloranil = CHL) and iodine (I₂) were studied spectrophotometrically in chloroform at room temperature. The electronic and infrared spectra of the formed molecular charge-transfer (CT) complexes were recorded. The obtained results showed that the stoichiometries of the reactions are not fixed and depend on the nature of the acceptor. Based on the obtained data, the formed charge-transfer complexes were formulated as [(1MP)(TCNE)₂], [(1MP)(DDQ)]·H₂O, [(1MP)(CHL)] and [(1MP)I]I₃, while in the case of 1MP–TCNQ reaction, a short-lived CT complex is formed followed by rapid N-substitution by TCNQ forming the final reaction products 7,7,8-tricyano-8-piperidinylquinodimethane (TCPQDM). The five solids products were isolated and have been characterized by electronic spectra, infrared spectra, elemental analysis and thermal analysis.     

(TCNQ)22-基氢键分子磁体表现出非常强的反铁磁偶合作用

合成并表征了一种新的离子对化合物[4-NH2-Py][TCNQ](其中4-NH2-Py+是4-氨基吡啶阳离子,TCNQ-为7,7,8,8-四氰基对苯二醌二甲烷自由基阴离子)。在该离子对化合物晶体中,2个TCNQ-离子形成了面对面堆积的二聚体;阴离子中的氰基分别和阳离子上的氨基、吡啶质子化氮原子之间存在非常强的分子间氢键。通过氢键作用,相邻的TCNQ-二聚体被阳离子连成三维氢键网络。变温磁化率测量表明,在2～400 K温度范围内,该离子对化合物表现为抗磁性。在密度泛函理论框架下,用对称性破损方法计算了化合物晶体中π二聚体内以及通过氢键连接的相邻的TCNQ-离子之间的磁交换常数,发现π二聚体内存在非常强的反铁磁交换作用,与之相比,通过氢键连接的TCNQ-离子之间的磁交换作用可以忽略。π二聚体内强反铁磁交换作用(J/kB≈1805 K)导致了该化合物基本表现为抗磁性。