自组装半导体碳纳米管薄膜的光电特性

采用自组装的方法制备99%高纯度半导体碳纳米管平行阵列条带,以金属钯和钪为非对称接触电极制备碳纳米管（CNT）薄膜晶体管（TFTs）器件. 主要研究不同沟道长度碳纳米管薄膜晶体管器件的电输运特性和红外光电响应特性,分析了其中的载流子输运和光生载流子分离的物理机制. 我们发现薄膜晶体管器件的电学性能和光电性能依赖于器件沟道长度（L）和碳纳米管的平均长度（L_CNT）. 当沟道长度小于碳纳米管的平均长度时,器件开关比最低;当沟道长度超过碳纳米管平均长度时,随着沟道长度的增加,器件开关比增加,光电流减小.相关研究结果为高纯碳纳米管薄膜晶体管器件在红外光探测器方面的进一步应用提供参考依据.     

自组装半导体碳纳米管薄膜的光电特性

采用自组装的方法制备99%高纯度半导体碳纳米管平行阵列条带,以金属钯和钪为非对称接触电极制备碳纳米管(CNT)薄膜晶体管(TFTs)器件.主要研究不同沟道长度碳纳米管薄膜晶体管器件的电输运特性和红外光电响应特性,分析了其中的载流子输运和光生载流子分离的物理机制.我们发现薄膜晶体管器件的电学性能和光电性能依赖于器件沟道长度(L)和碳纳米管的平均长度(LCNT).当沟道长度小于碳纳米管的平均长度时,器件开关比最低;当沟道长度超过碳纳米管平均长度时,随着沟道长度的增加,器件开关比增加,光电流减小.相关研究结果为高纯碳纳米管薄膜晶体管器件在红外光探测器方面的进一步应用提供参考依据.     

层状多核配合物自组装膜中金属离子对光致电子转移性质的影响

本文通过三种金属离子桥联的方式制备了一系列cis-RuL₂(SCN)₂ （L代表4,4’二羧基-2,2’联吡啶）自组装膜，并利用接触角,UV光谱，循环伏安法以及XPS对自组装功能膜进行了表征。通过对其光致电子转移特性的详细研究，得到了最大阳极稳定光电流为1773-1843 nA/cm²，最大量子产率为3.2%。入射光强，偏压以及电子给体对体系性能的影响也进行了研究。研究结果表明不同的金属离子桥联在自组装膜上能显著地改善电子传输特性。桥联金属离子在自组装膜中能同时起到功能和结构的两种作用。这种自组装的成膜方式提供了一种非常好的修饰此类相似体系的新途径。     

卟啉自组装超薄膜的制备及其在光电转换方面的研究*

卟啉及其衍生物的π电子共轭平面结构,使其具有独特的光电性能和良好的热稳定性,在仿生、催化、医学及材料科学等领域得到了广泛的应用。随着自组装技术的不断发展,其在制备功能化超薄膜方面表现出显著的优越性。本文重点介绍了卟啉及其衍生物自组装超薄膜的制备方法,并总结了近年来卟啉自组装膜在光电转换方面的研究进展。     

不同中心离子对自组装三元配合物膜光诱导电子转移性质的影响

在ITO(indium-tin-oxide)透明电极上,按照一种新的自组装策略分别制备了3种以四价金属离子Sn⁴⁺,Zr⁴⁺和Ce⁴⁺为桥连中心离子、以四羧酸为功能染料配体分子、以草酸为连接配体的光电功能自组装膜.用接触角、紫外光谱、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和电化学循环伏安作了表征.并测定了这3种自组装膜体系的光电转换性质及电子给体、 偏压、光强等因素的影响.     

煅烧温度对阳极氧化WO3多孔薄膜的形貌及光电化学性能的影响

采用一步式阶跃电压加压方法,在NH4F/(NH4)2SO4电解质溶液中对W片进行阳极氧化处理制备了WO3多孔薄膜,通过后续热处理温度的控制,制备了性能规律性变化的WO3多孔纳米薄膜材料.用场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)分析等手段考察了热处理温度对氧化钨晶体结构和形貌影响的规律,在450°C以下的煅烧温度下,薄膜保持50-100nm孔径;通过对光电化学性质、光催化降解甲基橙动力学行为的研究,考察了不同热处理温度对WO3多孔薄膜光电转换性能影响的规律.研究表明,450°C煅烧处理后的WO3薄膜在500W氙灯光源照射及1.2V偏压下,光电流密度达到5.11mA·cm-2;340及400nm单色光辐射下光电转换效率(IPCE)值分别达到87.4%及22.1%.电化学交流阻抗谱显示,450°C煅烧处理后的WO3薄膜表现出最佳的导电率及最小的界面电荷转移电阻.实验结果证明,高结晶度的多孔结构是WO3薄膜具有高光电转换效率的主要因素,控制热处理温度是实现薄膜具有高孔隙率、完整结晶度、低电阻的重要手段.     

染料在纳米TiO2薄膜表面吸附性能的研究

采用溶胶－凝胶法制备纳米TiO2薄膜，并通过吸附染料形成染料／TiO2复合薄膜。分析了染料与TiO2薄膜的相互关系，利用紫外可见、比表面等技术研究染料在纳米TiO2薄膜表面的吸附性能，并计算出TiO2薄膜对染料的最大吸附率。研究表明，染料溶液浓度、温度以及TiO2薄膜浸泡时间对染料吸附量有着显著的影响，染料的吸附性能直接影响着太阳能电池的光电转换效率。     

活性粒子吸附对ZnO纳米粒子表面光伏特性的影响

作为一种传统的半导体,氧化锌在压电陶瓷、光电化学、光催化、发光器件以及气体传感器等方面具有广阔的应用前景,特别是氧化锌纳米粒子,由于其比表面积大、表面活性较高和对周围环境的敏感性,使其成为传感器研究领域中最有前途的材料,有关生物氧传感器和激光器的光电功能特性以及其能带结构的研究已有报道,     

不同结构的氧化钛纳米金复合薄膜的光伏特性

具有表面等离子体共振效应的金属和氧化物复合纳米结构被应用在染料敏化太阳能电池（DSSC）中以提高电池的光电转换效率,金属纳米粒子和氧化物薄膜的复合结构对于等离子体共振器件在电池上的效果有巨大的影响. 我们研究了不同氧化钛薄膜和纳米金复合体系（纳米金分别修饰在氧化钛薄膜的表面和下表面）的光电转换效果,其中当纳米金修饰在氧化钛薄膜表面时薄膜的紫外可见吸收增加最大. 然而,经过染料敏化之后,该体系的光电转换效率比未修饰的薄膜有所降低,而纳米金修饰在氧化钛薄膜下表面时,光电转换效率比未修饰时提高了37%,同时入射单色光子-电子转化效率（IPCE）也有相应提高. 为了进一步研究纳米金在复合薄膜中的作用,我们引入了TiO₂-Au-TiO₂的三明治体系,该体系的光电转换效率比未修饰的参比氧化钛薄膜仍有所提高. 上述研究结果表明等离子体共振器件的结构设计对于染料敏化太阳能电池的改善具有重要意义. 同时,我们对于纳米金的等离子体共振效应做了离散偶极子近似（Dipole Discrete Approximation）模拟计算,其结果支持了实验数据. 该研究对于未来太阳能电池中表面等离子体共振器件的设计具有一定指导意义.     

两种C60吡咯环多羧基衍生物自组装膜的制备及其光电转换 …

在ＩＴＯ透明电极和石英基片上,分别制备了两种Ｃ６０吡咯环多羧基衍生物的自组装膜,并用接触角、紫外光谱和和电化学循环伏安进行表征,测定限这两种自装膜体系的光电转换性质,研究了电子受体、偏压和光强等因素对它的影响。     

Photoconductivity in Mesostructured Thin Films

Mesostructured silica films are widely studied due to their different structures, properties and variety of possible applications. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-templated sol-gel silica films possess highly ordered lamellar phase structure. It is expected that molecules and polymer chains line up with these layered structures when incorporated into the films. Mesostructured thin films were doped with Dispersed Red 1 (DR1) and carbazole ((C₆H₄)₂NH)). The films were poled by corona discharge at 120 C. Absorption spectra were recorded as function of the polarization time. Dependence of the absorption coefficient with polarization time was fitted with a Langevin-Debye equation. It shows a saturation level after 60 minutes of polarization. We compare the efficiency of mesostructured thin films with that of amorphous films. The photoconductivity technique was used to determine the charge transport mechanism of these films. From current density versus electrostatic applied field, the parameters for the photovoltaic effect and photoconductivity were determined. Results of the mesostructured thin films are also compared to those of KNbO₃ crystals.     

Novel Roles of Metal Ions in Layered Self-assembled Films of Polynuclear Complexes on Their Photoinduced Electron Transfer Properties

Three metal ion bridged self-assembled(SA)films of cis-di(thiocyanato)-bis(2,2'-bipyridyl-4,4'-dicarboxylate)ruthenium were fabricated and characterized by contact angle,UV spectra,cyclic voltammetry and XPS.Theirphotoinduced electron transfer properties(PETP)were examined.Among the titled systems,the highest steady an-odic photocurrent of 1773—1843 nA/cm~1 and the highest quantum yield of 3.2% were achieved.The effects of in-cident light intensity,bias voltage,and electron donor were also studied.The possible mechanism of electron trans-fer was proposed.The results reveal that different metal ion in SA films could affect significantly the photoinducedelectron transfer property.Our experimental results clearly show that bridging metal ions can play both functionaland structural roles in these self-assembled systems.This method of forming functional films can provide a new ap-proach to regulate the property of similar systems.     

正、叔十二烷基硫醇在铜表面上自组装膜测试

研究了正、叔十二烷基硫醇在铜表面上的自组装及混合自组装成膜情况,并利用交流阻抗和极化曲线电化学方法测试了正、叔十二烷基硫醇在铜表面上自组装膜及混合自组装膜对铜的耐腐蚀性,考察了正十二烷基硫醇自组装膜质量与正十二烷基硫醇溶液的浓度及组装时间的关系。研究结果显示,混合自组装膜的质量及其对铜的耐腐蚀性比仅组装正或叔十二烷基硫醇均有很大的提高。     

Photovoltaic Behaviour of Titanyl Phthalocyanine Thin Films and Titania Bilayer Films

Summary: Titanyl phthalocyanine (TiOPc) thin films were prepared using evaporation and surface polymerization by ion-assisted deposition (SPIAD) in a vacuum deposition system. These films were characterized by means of ultraviolet and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy as well as UV/Vis absorption spectroscopy. Valence band and elemental content indicated that phthalocyanine electronic and chemical structures were largely preserved during SPIAD. Further, bilayer thin films of titania (TiO₂) and SPIAD TiOPc were prepared. TiO₂ film was deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering of TiO₂ target. Study of the structured samples was focused on the optical and electrical properties of the composite films. The films were characterized by non-contact photovoltage measurements and UV-Vis spectroscopy. These results suggest there is a possibility to use these bilayer thin films in photovoltaic solar cells, however further experiments to improve conductivity of the films will be required.     

掺杂Nd对GdFeCo薄膜的磁光性能的影响

制备了三元GdFeCo合金薄膜和四元NdGdFeCo合金薄膜,测量了其磁饱和磁化强度对温度的依赖关系、磁滞回线以及可见光范围内的克尔谱.研究了轻稀土Nd掺杂对GdFeCo磁光薄膜的克尔旋转角的影响,发现在一定掺杂范围内能够有效提高薄膜在短波长下的克尔旋转角.掺入适量的轻稀土Nd可以使GdFeCo薄膜在短波长下的磁光性能提高,更好的适用于作为中心孔探测磁超分辨的短波长磁光读出层材料.     

Morphology,Structure, and Dynamics of Pentacene Thin Films and Their Nanocomposites with [C2C1im][NTf2] and [C2C1im][OTF] Ionic Liquids

In this study, a homogeneous thin film growth of pentacene onto indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass surfaces is explored using a high-resolution and reproducible vapor deposition methodology. Moreover, vacuum thermal evaporation of ionic liquids (ILs) ([C₂C₁im][NTf₂] and [C₂C₁im][OTF]) onto ITO, gold/palladium (AuPd) and pentacene surfaces were performed. A greater wettability behavior of ILs is observed for surfaces containing AuPd. Sequential and simultaneous depositions of ILs and pentacene were explored. Simultaneous depositions lead to the formation of nanocomposites films, consisting of IL micro- and nanodroplets covered by pentacene layers. Plasma surface treatment was used to induce the ILs droplets coalescence and explore the dynamics and phase separation of the nanocomposites. The [C₂C₁im][OTF] droplets were found to be completely covered with pentacene, which suggests a great affinity between cation-anion pairs and the aromatic moiety. Pentacene films and their nanocomposites with ILs exhibit a typical optical band gap of E_gap=1.77 eV, indicating that the nanocomposite phase domains are large enough to behavior as the bulk.     

金属纳米材料表面配体聚集效应

金属纳米材料表面配体不仅可以稳定金属纳米颗粒,辅助合成特定尺寸和形貌的纳米材料,还可用于调控金属纳米颗粒的表面化学性质。由于现有表征技术的局限性,金属纳米材料表面有机配体的结构和功能一直以来并未被深入研究。得益于分子结构明确金属纳米团簇和其他模型纳米材料体系的发展,配体在金属纳米材料表面的精确配位结构及其对催化过程的促进作用正不断被揭示出来。金属表面有机分子配位不仅可以调控表面金属电子结构,还可以分割表面原子周期性结构。表面有机配体的聚集可以进一步在金属表面构筑3D空间结构,改变纳米材料亲疏水性,并影响催化底物和反应中间体与表面的相互作用强弱和吸附构型。此外,有机配体与表面金属所组成的界面还可以构筑新的活性位点,改变催化反应路径,从而提升催化反应活性和选择性。金属纳米材料表面有机配体的聚集效应使得异相纳米材料可以同时表现出均相催化和酶催化的优势。     

Liquid-Phase Quasi-Epitaxial Growth of Highly Stable,Monolithic UiO-66-NH2 MOF thin Films on Solid Substrates

High quality, monolithic UiO-66-NH₂ thin films on diverse solid substrates have been prepared via a low temperature liquid phase epitaxy method. The achievement of continuous films with low defect densities and great stability against high temperatures and hot water is proven, clearly outperforming other reported types of MOF thin films.     

Photoinduced charge property of Ag‐TiO2 films and its relationships with photocatalytic activity under visible illumination

In this article, TiO₂ films were synthesized by traditional spin coating method. To improve their photocatalytic activities, we deposited silver on these films by photodeposition. These films also were characterized by several testing techniques, such as X‐ray diffraction, ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflection spectrum, XPS, Raman spectroscopy (Raman), surface photovoltage spectroscopy, and SEM. The activity of different films was evaluated for degrading rhodamine B solution under visible illumination. The effects of AgNO₃ solution concentration on photoinduced charge property and photocatalytic activity were investigated. The results show that the Ag‐TiO₂ film immersed in 10^?3 mol·L^?1 AgNO₃ solution exhibits higher activity, which is in good agreement with the characterization results. The weaker the surface photovoltage spectroscopy signal, the higher the photocatalytic activity. Moreover, the activity of some films is higher than that of international Degussa P‐25 TiO₂ under visible illumination. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Surface and interface analysis of electrochemically synthesized ferromagnetic/semiconducting Ni/GaAs(001) thin film

Thin film of ferromagnetic (FM) metal (Ni) on a semiconducting substrate (GaAs), i.e. Ni/GaAs(001), has been synthesized using electrochemical method. The structural, chemical and magnetic properties at the surface and interface have been investigated using X‐ray diffraction (XRD)/grazing incidence X‐ray reflectivity (GIXRR), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and magneto‐optical Kerr effect (MOKE) techniques, respectively. A crystalline peak observed at 44.4º in the XRD pattern, corresponding to Ni(111) Bragg peak, confirms the monocrystalline nature of the film. The atomic force microscopy image shows small‐sized spherical crystallites uniformly deposited over the substrate. The fitted GIXRR pattern confirms a smooth Ni/GaAs(001) film surface with roughness of less than ~5 ± 0.4 Å. The micro‐structural parameters, such as film thickness, surface and interface roughness, and electron density, are found to be ~230 ± 5 Å, ~4.5 ± 1 Å, ~0.5 ± 0.02 Å and ~6.38 ± 0.5 (Å^?2), respectively. The chemical nature of the film at the surface and interface, investigated using a depth profile XPS technique, shows no diffusion of metallic Ga and As into Ni layer or vice versa, confirming a sharp FM/semiconducting Ni/GaAs(001) interface. The magnetization behavior investigated using MOKE technique at room temperature shows a soft FM nature of the film with coercivity of ~75 Oe at the film surface. However, coercivity was found to be ~35 Oe at the interface. In addition, the saturation magnetization is also found to decrease at the interface with decreasing Ni layer thickness. The observed magnetization behavior is correlated with structural and chemical changes that occur at the interface of Ni/GaAs(001) film. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.