Transitive bislim geometries of gonality 3, Part II: The group theoretic cases

We consider point-line geometries having three points on every line, having three lines through every point (bislim geometries), and containing triangles. We classify such geometries under the hypothesis of the existence of a collineation group acting transitively on the point set.     

Hyperbolic Structures on the Configuration Space of Six Points in the Projective Line

The oriented configuration space X⁺₆ of six points on the real projective line is a noncompact three-dimensional manifold which admits a unique complete hyperbolic structure of finite volume with ten cusps. On the other hand, it decomposes naturally into 120 cells each of which can be interpreted as the set of equiangular hexagons with unit area. Similar hyperbolic structures can be obtained by considering nonequiangular hexagons so that the standard hyperbolic structure on X⁺₆ is at the center of a five parameter family of hyperbolic structures of finite volume. This paper contributes to investigations of the properties of this family. In particular, we exhibit two real analytic maps from the set of prescribed angles of hexagons into R¹⁰ whose components are the traces of the monodromies at the ten cusps. We show that this map has maximal rank 5 at the center.     

Integrable Equations Arising from Motions of Plane Curves. II

Integrable equations satisfied by the curvature of plane curves or curves on the real line under inextensible motions in some Klein geometries are identified. These include the Euclidean, similarity, and projective geometries on the real line, and restricted conformal, conformal, and projective geometries in the plane. Together with Chou and Qu [Physica D 162 (2002), 9–33], we determine inextensible motions and their associated integrable equations in all Klein geometries in the plane. The relations between several pairs of these geometries provide a natural geometric explanation of the existence of transformations of Miura and Cole-Hopf type.     

Einbettung gewisser Kettengeometrien in projektive Räume

The theory of “chain geometries” as represented in [2] is a generalisation of the concept of Möbius-, Laguerre- and pseudo-euclidean planes over a commutative field K. It is well known that these geometries can be represented as a 2-dimensional variety of the 3-dimensional projective space over K. It will be shown how to embed in a similar way a class of “chain geometries”, which covers these planes. The algebras belonging to these geometries are the kinematic algebras, studied by H.KARZEL, in which x²? Kx+K for each element x of the algebra. If the algebra is of rank n the geometry will be represented on a n-dimensional algebraic variety of the (n+1)-dimensional projective space π, the chains being the intersection of with planes of π having no line but at least two points in common with .     

Finite geometries which contain dual affine planes

Finite geometries in which each plane is projective or dual affine over the field of two elements, or affine over the field of three elements, are studied. It is shown that no connected geometry can mix all three species of planes, and the geometries in which projective and dual affine planes occur are classified.     

Global-Affine Morphisms of Projective Lattice Geometries

The fundamental theorem of projective geometry gives an algebraic representation of isomorphisms between projective geometries of dimension at least 3 over vector spaces and has been generalized in different ways. This note briefly presents some further generalizations which will be proved in the author’s thesis. We introduce the notion of global-affine morphisms between projective lattice geometries. Our investigations result in a general partial representation of global-affine morphisms which yields a complete representation of global-affine homomorphisms between large classes of module-induced projective geometries by semilinear mappings between the underlying modules.     

Projective representations II. generalized chain geometries

In this paper, projective representations of generalized chain geometries are investigated, using the concepts and results of [5]. In particular, we study under which conditions such a projective representation maps the chains of a generalized chain geometry Σ (F, R) to reguli; this mainly depends on how the field F is embedded in the ring R. Moreover, we determine all bijective morphisms of a certain class of generalized chain geometries with the help of projective representations. Dedicated to Walter Benz on the occasion of his 70th birthday. The first author was supported by a Lise Meitner Research Fellowship of the Austrian Science Fund (FWF), projects M529-MAT, M574-MAT..     

Extended dual affine planes

We study a class of diagram geometries, achieve a characterization of extended dual affine planes, and embed extended dual affine planes in extended projective planes. The geometries studied are rank 3 diagram geometries such that the residue of a point is a dual net, and the residue of a plane is linear; the dual of such a geometry has partitions on lines and planes which are reminiscent of parallelism of lines and planes of an affine 3-space. Examples of these geometries (some in dual form) include extended dual affine planes, Laguerre planes, 3-nets, and orthogonal arrays of strength 3. Theorem: Any such finite geometry satisfying Buekenhout's intersection property, and such that any two points are coplanar, is an extended dual affine plane (and has order 2, 4, or 10). Theorem: This geometry may be embedded in an extended projective plane of the same order.This research was partially supported by NSF Grant MCS-8102361.     

Tightness in subset bounds for coherent configurations

Association schemes have many applications to the study of designs, codes, and geometries and are well studied. Coherent configurations are a natural generalization of association schemes, however, analogous applications have yet to be fully explored. Recently, Hobart [Mich. Math. J. 58:231–239, 2009] generalized the linear programming bound for association schemes, showing that a subset Y of a coherent configuration determines positive semidefinite matrices, which can be used to constrain certain properties of the subset. The bounds are tight when one of these matrices is singular, and in this paper we show that this gives information on the relations between Y and any other subset. We apply this result to sets of nonincident points and lines in coherent configurations determined by projective planes (where the points of the subset correspond to a maximal arc) and partial geometries.     

A rational sextic associated with a Desargues configuration

In this paper we consider a Desargues configuration in the projective plane, i.e. ten points and ten lines, on each line we have three of the points and through each point we have three of the lines. We construct a rational curve of order 6 which has a node at each of the ten points. We have never seen this kind of curve in the literature, but it is well known that for anyn there exists a rational curve of ordern which has [(n–1)(n–2)]/2 nodes and ifn=6 we find a sextic with ten nodes. The purpose of this paper is to obtain a sextic of this kind as a locus of points in connection with special projectivities of the plane associated with the Desargues configuration and to find a rational parametric representation of it. A large part of this paper is done with MACSYMA: it is an application of computer algebra in algebraic geometry. Special cases, where we find a quintic, a quartic or a cubic, are given in the last section.     

A construction of integral standard generalized table algebras from parameters of projective geometries

We construct new integral standard generalized table algebras from parameters of projective geometries. The algebras are noncommutative, imprimitive, and six dimensional.     

On the Generation of Some Embeddable GF(2) Geometries

The generating rank is determined for several GF(2)-embeddable geometries and it is demonstrated that their generating and embedding ranks are equal. Specifically, we prove that each of the two generalized hexagons of order (2, 2) has generating rank 14, that the central involution geometry of the Hall-Janko sporadic group has generating rank 28, and that the dual polar space DU(6,2) has generating rank 22. We also include a survey of all instances in which either the generating or embedding rank of an embeddable GF(2) geometry is known.     

Minimum Weight and Dimension Formulas for Some Geometric Codes

The geometric codes are the duals of the codes defined by the designs associated with finite geometries. The latter are generalized Reed–Muller codes, but the geometric codes are, in general, not. We obtain values for the minimum weight of these codes in the binary case, using geometric constructions in the associated geometries, and the BCH bound from coding theory. Using Hamada's formula, we also show that the dimension of the dual of the code of a projective geometry design is a polynomial function in the dimension of the geometry.     

Projective mappings between projective lattice geometries

The concept of projective lattice geometry generalizes the classical synthetic concept of projective geometry, including projective geometry of modules.In this article we introduce and investigate certain structure preserving mappings between projective lattice geometries. Examples of these so-calledprojective mappings are given by isomorphisms and projections; furthermore all linear mappings between modules induce projective mappings between the corresponding projective geometries.     

Surfaces of order three with a peak! I

A surfaceF of order three in the real projective three space is met by every line, not inF, in at most three points. We present a synthetic theory of these surfaces based upon a concept of differentiability. A pointv inF is a peak ifF has a unique tangent atvs and it does not lie inF. We classify theF with a peak by determining the number of lines inF and their configuration. We describe each surface by determining the tangent plane sections ofF at the differentiable points.     

Subspace arrangements as generalized star configurations

In this note, we show that any projective subspace arrangement can be realized as a generalized star configuration variety. This type of interpolation result may be useful in designing linear codes with prescribed codewords of minimum weight, as well as in answering a couple of questions about the number of equations needed to define a generalized star configuration variety.     

On Kähler metrisability of two-dimensional complex projective structures

We derive necessary conditions for a complex projective structure on a complex surface to arise via the Levi-Civita connection of a (pseudo-)Kähler metric. Furthermore we show that the (pseudo-)Kähler metrics defined on some domain in the projective plane which are compatible with the standard complex projective structure are in one-to-one correspondence with the hermitian forms on \(\mathbb {C}^3\) whose rank is at least two. This is achieved by prolonging the relevant finite-type first order linear differential system to closed form. Along the way we derive the complex projective Weyl and Liouville curvature using the language of Cartan geometries.