A novel Dy3+-doped Gd(PO3)3 white-light phosphors under VUV excitation for Hg-free lamps application

Novel Dy³⁺-doped Gd(PO₃)₃ white light phosphors each with an orthorhombic system are successfully synthesized by solid-state reaction. The luminescence properties of white-light Gd_1-x(PO₃)₃:xDy³⁺ (0<x≤ 0.25) under vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) excitation are investigated. The strong absorption at around 147 nm in excitation spectrum energy can be transferred to the energy levels of Dy³⁺ ion from the host absorption. Additionally, the white light phosphor is activated by a single Dy³⁺ ion. Therefore, the luminescence of Gd_1-x(PO₃)₃:xDy (0<x≤ 0.25) under VUV excitation is effective, and it has the promise of being applied to mercury-free lamp.     

Mn4+掺杂对BiFeO3陶瓷微观结构和电学性能的影响研究

利用传统的固相反应法制备了BiFe_1-xMn_xO₃ (x= 0-0.20)陶瓷样品, 研究了不同Mn⁴⁺掺杂量对BiFeO₃陶瓷密度、物相结构、显微形貌、 介电性能和铁电性能的影响.实验结果表明:所制备的BiFe_1-xMn_xO₃ 陶瓷样品的钙钛矿主相均已形成,具有良好的晶体结构, 且在掺杂量x=0.05附近开始出现结构相变.随着Mn⁴⁺添加量的增加, 体系的相结构有从菱方钙钛矿向斜方转变的趋势,且样品电容率大幅度增大, 而介电损耗也略有增加;在测试频率为10⁴ Hz条件下, BiFe_0.85Mn_0.15O₃ (ε_r=1065)的 ε_r是纯BiFeO₃ (ε_r=50.6)的22倍; 掺杂后样品的铁电极化性能均有不同程度的提高,可能是由于Mn⁴⁺稳定性优于 Fe³⁺,高价位Mn⁴⁺进行B位替代改性BiFeO₃陶瓷, 能减少Bi³⁺挥发,抑制Fe³⁺价态波动,从而降低氧空位浓度,减小样品的电导和漏电流.     

Tb1－xDyxFe2－y-Fe掺杂BaTiO3多层膜中的磁电耦合

用溶胶-凝胶法制备了Fe掺杂BaTiO₃粉体，在1350℃下烧结成圆片状多晶样品，并与Tb_1-xDy_xFe_2-y胶合成磁电(ME)双层膜或三层膜.实验分析表明Fe：BaTiO₃依然是四方相钙钛矿结构，但是居里温度及相变潜热均略低于纯净BaTiO₃.研究了Tb_1-xDy_xFe_2-y-Fe∶BaTiO₃双层膜和Tb_1-xDy_xFe_2-y-Fe∶BaTiO₃-Tb_1-xDy_xFe_2-y三层膜的ME效应.在2.8×10⁴A/m的磁场下，两者的横向ME电压系数均达其峰值，分别为6.225和26.25mV·(A·m^-1)^-1·cm^-1.并且，用掺杂BaTiO₃制备的双层膜和三层膜的横向ME电压系数均为相同条件下用纯净BaTiO₃制备的双层膜和三层膜的横向ME电压系数的1.5倍.另外由于不含铅，锆等有害物质，符合环保要求，因此采用掺杂BaTiO₃制备的磁电效应器件具有深入研究和应用价值.     

Nd掺杂对Bi4Ti3O12铁电薄膜的微结构和铁电性能的影响

利用溶胶-凝胶法在Pt/Ti/SiO₂/Si(100)衬底上制备了Nd掺杂Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂(Bi_4-xNd_xTi₃O₁₂, x=0.00,0.30,0.45,0.75,0.85,1.00,1.50)铁电薄膜样品.研究了Nd掺杂对Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂薄膜的微结构和铁电性能的影响.研究结果表明:Nd掺杂未改变Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂薄膜的基本晶体结构.在掺杂量x<0.45时,Nd³⁺只取代类钙钛矿层中的A位Bi³⁺.当x=0.45时,样品剩余极化强度达最大值,在270kV·cm^-1的电场下为32.7μC·cm^-2.掺杂量进一步增加时,结构无序度开始明显增大,Nd³⁺开始进入(Bi₂O₂)²⁺层,削弱其绝缘层和空间电荷库的作用,导致材料剩余极化逐渐下降.当掺杂量x达到1.50时,掺杂离子最终破坏(Bi₂O₂)²⁺层的结构,材料发生铁电-顺电相变.     

Mg2+掺杂Zn2SiO4:Mn2+的溶胶-凝胶法合成及真空紫外发光特性研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法（sol-gel method）于不同气氛条件下成功合成了Zn_1.92-xMg_xSiO₄:0.08Mn²⁺（0≤x≤0.12）系列粉末样品.利用X射线衍射(XRD)、光致发光(PL)谱等分析手段对Zn_1.92-xMg_xSiO₄:0.08Mn²⁺系列     

Multiferroic properties of solben gel derived Bi5Fe1-xCoxTi3O15 thin films

Co-doped Bi₅FeTi₃O₁₅ thin films (BFCT-x, Bi₅Fe_1-xCo_xTi₃O₁₅) were prepared using a sol—gel technique. XRD patterns confirm their single phase Aurivillius structure, and the corresponding powder Rietveld analysis indicates the change of space group around x=0.12. The magnetic hysteresis loops are obtained and ferromagnetism is therefore confirmed in BFCT-x thin films. The remanent magnetization (M_r) first increases and reaches the maximum value of 0.42 emu/cm³ at x=0.12 due to the possible Fe³⁺—O—Co³⁺ ferromagnetic coupling. When x = 0.25, the M_r increases again because of the dominant Fe³⁺—O—Co³⁺ ferromagnetic coupling. The remanent polarization (2P_r) of BFCT-0.25 was measured to be as high as 62 μC/cm², a 75% increase when compared with the non-doped BFCT-0 films. The 2P_r remains almost unchanged after being subjected to 5.2 × 10⁹ read/write cycles. Greatly enhanced ferroelectric properties are considered to be associated with decreased leakage current density.     

Density-functional theory investigation of energy gaps and optical properties of Hg1-xCdxTe and In1-xGaxAs

We use a modified Becke-Johnson exchange plus a local density approximation correlation potential within the density functional theory to investigate the electronic structures of Hg_1-xCd_xTe and In_1-xGa_xAs with x being 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1. For both of the two series, our calculated energy gaps and dielectric functions (real part ε₁ and imaginary part ε₂) are in agreement with the corresponding experimental results with x being between 0 and 1. The calculated zero-frequency refractive index varies greatly with x for Hg_1-xCd_xTe, but changes little with x for In_1-xGa_xAs, which is consistent with the real parts of their dielectric functions. Therefore, this new approach is satisfactory to describe the electronic structures and the optical properties of the semiconductors.     

Si1-xGex合金半导体中CiCs和CiOi缺陷随Ge含量的变化

采用从头计算(ab initio)的方法对Si和Si_1-xGe_x合金半导体材料中C_iC_s缺陷的性质进行探讨，同时也对比调查了C_iO_i缺陷在Si和Si_1-xGe_x合金中的性质. 在不同Ge含量的Si_1-xGe_{x相似文献}   

Gd,Co共掺杂对BiFeO3陶瓷电输运和铁磁特性的影响

采用快速液相烧结法制备BiFeO₃和Bi_0.95Gd_0.05Fe_1-xCo_xO₃ (x= 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2)陶瓷样品,研究Gd, Co共掺杂对BiFeO₃微观结构, 介电性能和铁磁性的影响. X射线衍射谱表明:所有样品的主衍射峰与纯相BiFeO₃相符合且 具有良好的晶体结构,随着Co³⁺掺杂量x的增大, Bi_0.95Gd_0.05Fe_1-xCo_xO₃样品的主衍射峰(104)与(110)逐渐相互重叠, 当x大于0.1时, 样品呈现正方晶系结构; J-V特性显示Gd³⁺, Co³⁺共掺杂有效地降低BiFeO₃陶瓷的漏导电流,其降低幅度为1-2个数量级; 当f=10³ Hz时, Bi_0.95Gd_0.05Fe_0.8Co_0.2O₃的介电常数是BiFeO₃的6倍, 而Bi_0.95Gd_0.05Fe_0.95Co_0.05O₃和 Bi_0.95Gd_0.05Fe_0.85Co_0.15O₃样品的介电损耗最小,均为0.01.室温下, Bi_0.95Gd_0.05Fe_1-xCo_xO₃样品磁性与BiFeO₃相比显著增强. 在磁场为30 kOe的作用下,Bi_0.95Gd_0.05Fe_1-xCo_xO₃ (x= 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2)的剩余磁化强度M_r分别是BiFeO₃的34, 60, 105, 103, 180倍.样品磁性增强的主要原因是Gd, Co掺杂使BiFeO₃的晶格结构发生变化导致BiFeO₃自身储存的磁性能被释放, Gd³⁺的4f电子与Fe³⁺或Co³⁺的3d电子自旋相互作用及样品中存在局域的 Fe-O-Co磁耦合三者共同作用的结果.     

Sr和Ba替代对Eu掺杂Ca2.955Si2O7的结构和发光特性的影响研究

利用固相反应法制备了Sr和Ba替代的Ca_2.955-xM_xSi₂O₇: 0.045Eu²⁺ (M= Sr, Ba, x= 0.1-0.5)系列荧光粉, 利用较大离子半径的Sr和Ba元素替代Eu掺杂Ca_2.955-xM_xSi₂O₇ 中的Ca元素,研究Sr和Ba替代对样品结构和发光特性的影响. X射线衍射测试结果表明,少量Sr和Ba替代不会改变基质的晶体结构, 样品仍然为单斜晶系.未替代前, Ca_2.955Si₂O₇: 0.045Eu²⁺ 样品的发射峰在574 nm左右,随着Sr含量的增加,样品的发射峰发生蓝移; 而Ba含量在x= 0.1-0.4时不会引起发射峰位置的移动, 但x= 0.5样品的发射峰发生蓝移.同等含量的Sr和Ba部分替代样品中的Ca元素, Ba替代样品的光谱强度较强.     

Effects of A-site non-stoichiometry on the structural and electrical properties of 0.96K0.5Na0.5NbO3- 0.04LiSbO3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics

Effects of A-site non-stoichiometry on the structural and electrical properties of 0.96K0.5+xNa0.5+xNbO3- 0.04LiSbO3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics were examined for 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.02. The piezoelectric coefficients exhibited a maximum, d33 = 187 pC/N at x = 0.0075, coinciding with the maximum of the grain size and the apparent density at x = 0.0075. The apparent density and the piezoelectric coefficients decreased with increasing x at higher x which was likely due to the crystal geometrical distortion of 0.96K0.5+xNa0.5+xNbO3-0.04LiSbO3. In addition, super-large grains were found and this may be due to liquid phase sintering. Excess (K++Na+) attracted a sum of space charges to keep the charge neutral, resulting in charge leakage during the course of ceramic polarization, influencing the piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties. These findings are of importance for guiding the design of K0.5Na0.5NbO3-based lead-free ceramics with enhanced electrical properties.     

K0.5Na0.5NbO3-LiSbO3-BiFeO3/CuFe2O4复合陶瓷的制备与磁电性能研究

采用传统的固相法制备了(1-x)(K_0.5Na_0.5NbO₃-LiSbO₃-BiFeO₃)-xCuFe₂O₄ (x=0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4) 磁电复合陶瓷, 并借助X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜和磁电耦合系数测试仪等对复合陶瓷的微结构和性能进行了分析. 结果表明, 复合陶瓷的K_0.5Na_0.5NbO₃-LiSbO₃-BiFeO₃和CuFe₂O₄物相之间发生了一定的离子相互扩散作用, 且两相的颗粒大小匹配性较好. 随着CuFe₂O₄含量增加, 复合陶瓷的压电系数从130 pC/N减小到30 pC/N, 饱和磁致伸缩系数从4.5×10^-6增加到12.4×10^-6左右, 磁电耦合系数表现出先增加后减小, 在x=0.3时获得最大的磁电耦合系数9.4 mV·cm^-1·Oe^-1. 关键词： 0.5Na_0.5NbO₃-LiSbO₃-BiFeO₃')" href="#">K_0.5Na_0.5NbO₃-LiSbO₃-BiFeO₃ 2O₄')" href="#">CuFe₂O₄ 磁电耦合     

Structure, electrical properties and temperature characteristics of?Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3–Bi0.5K0.5TiO3–Bi0.5Li0.5TiO3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics

(1−x−y)Bi_0.5Na_0.5TiO₃–xBi_0.5K_0.5TiO₃– yBi_0.5Li_0.5TiO₃ lead-free piezoelectric ceramics have been prepared by an ordinary sintering technique, and their structure, electrical properties, and temperature characteristics have been studied systematically. The ceramics can be well-sintered at 1050–1150 °C. The increase in K⁺ concentration decreases the grain-growth rate and promotes the formation of grains with a cubic shape, while the addition of Li⁺ decreases greatly the sintering temperature and assists in the densification of BNT-based ceramics. The results of XRD diffraction show that K⁺ and Li⁺ diffuse into the Bi_0.5Na_0.5TiO₃ lattices to form a solid solution with a pure perovskite structure. As x increases from 0.05 to 0.50, the ceramics transform gradually from rhombohedral phase to tetragonal phase and consequently a morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) is formed at 0.15≤x≤0.25. The concentration y of Li⁺ has no obvious influence on the crystal structure of the ceramics. Compared with pure Bi_0.5Na_0.5TiO₃, the partial substitution of K⁺ and Li⁺ for Na⁺ lowers greatly the coercive field E _c and increases the remanent polarization P _r of the ceramics. Because of the MPB, lower E _c and large P _r, the piezoelectricity of the ceramics is improved significantly. For the ceramics with the compositions near the MPB (x=0.15–0.25 and y=0.05–0.10), the piezoelectric properties become optimum: piezoelectric coefficient d ₃₃=147–231 pC/N and planar electromechanical coupling factor k _P=20.2–41.0%. In addition, the ceramics exhibit relaxor characteristic, which probably results from the cation disordering in the 12-fold coordination sites. The depolarization temperature T _d shows a strong dependence on the concentration x of K⁺ and reaches the lowest values at the MPB. The temperature dependences of the ferroelectric and dielectric properties at high temperatures may imply that the ceramics may contain both the polar and non-polar regions at temperatures above T _d.     

Structure, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of?(Bi0.98?xLa0.02Na1?x)0.5BaxTiO3 lead-free ceramics

Lead-free (Bi_0.98−x La_0.02Na_1−x )_0.5Ba _x TiO₃ ceramics have been prepared by an ordinary sintering technique and their structure, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties have been studied. The results of X-ray diffraction show that La²⁺ and Ba²⁺ diffuse into the Bi_0.5Na_0.5TiO₃ lattices to form a new solid solution with a pure perovskite structure, and a morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) exists at 0.04<x<0.10. Compared with pure Bi_0.5Na_0.5TiO₃ ceramics, the (Bi_0.98−x La_0.02Na_1−x )_0.5Ba _x TiO₃ ceramics possess much smaller coercive field E _c and larger remanent polarization P _r. Because of the low E _c (3.38 kV/mm), large P _r (46.2 μC/cm²) and the formation of the MPB of rhombohedral and tetragonal phases, the piezoelectric properties of the ceramics are significantly enhanced at x=0.06: d ₃₃=181 pC/N and k _p=36.3%. The depolarization temperature T _d reaches a minimum value near the MPB. The ceramics exhibit relaxor characteristic, which is probably a result from the cation disordering in the 12-fold coordination sites. The temperature dependences of the ferroelectric and dielectric properties suggest that the ceramics may contain both polar and non-polar regions at the temperatures above T _d.     

La2O3对Yb:Y2O3透明陶瓷光谱性能的影响

研究了La₂O₃对Yb：Y₂O₃透明陶瓷光谱性能的影响，添加适量La₂O₃以后，Yb：Y₂O₃透明陶瓷的吸收峰和发射峰的位置不变，但由于La³⁺的离子半径大于Y³⁺的离子半径，在Y₂O₃中引入La³⁺离子后，导致Y₂O₃晶格常数变大，晶场强度变弱，同时降低了Y₂O₃晶体的有序度，致使发射峰强度有所下降，发射截面变小.过量的La₂O₃（x=0.16）造成Yb³⁺激活离子发射强度明显下降；其荧光寿命在添加La₂O₃后总体增大45%—60%. 关键词： 氧化镧 氧化钇 透明陶瓷 光谱性能     

Relationship between phase structure and electrical properties of (K0.5Na0.5)NbO3-LiTaO3 lead-free ceramics

Lead-free piezoelectric ceramics of (1−x)K_0.5Na_0.5NbO₃-xLiTaO₃ (KNN-LT) system have been investigated in this work. X-ray diffraction, Raman spectra measurements, DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetric), and dielectric constant versus temperature provide direct evidence that the phase transition temperature between tetragonal and orthorhombic shift to lower temperature with the increasing of LT content. The KNN-0.05LT ceramics exhibit the highest high-field d₃₃ up to 220 pm/V. At the same time, we also investigated the relationship between phase structure and electric properties, showing that the orthorhombic phase presents better piezoelectric temperature stabilities than the tetragonal phase. The result may provide a new way for KNN-based lead-free ceramics.     

Non-linear optical properties of (Pb<Subscript>1−<Emphasis Type="Italic">x</Emphasis></Subscript>Sr<Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">x</Emphasis></Subscript>)TiO<Subscript>3</Subscript> thin films

Thin films of (Pb_1−x Sr _x )TiO₃, x=0,0.5,1.0 have been prepared on glass substrates by the chemical-solution method using the spin-coating technique. The optical nonlinearity in the visible spectral region is investigated using short (5 ns) laser pulses at the off-resonant wavelength of 532 nm employing the open aperture z-scan technique. It is found that the third order nonlinear absorption is dependent on the lead content of the films, with the compositions x=0, 0.5 exhibiting large values (β∼10⁻⁷ m/W), thereby suggesting the possible use of these materials as optical limiters. No optical nonlinearity is observed for the composition with x=1.0.     

The doping effects of BiFe1-xCoxO3 (x=0.0-0.8) in layered perovskite Bi4Ti3O12 ceramics

Bi5Fe1-xCoxTi3O15(x = 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, and 0.8) multiferroic ceramics are synthesized in two steps using the solid state reaction technique. X-ray diffraction patterns show that the samples have four-layer Aurivillius phases. At room temperature (RT), the samples each present a remarkable coexistence of ferromagnetism (FM) and ferroelectricity (FE). The remnant polarization (2P r ) reaches its greatest value of 14 μC/cm 2 at x = 0.6. Remnant magnetization (2M r ) first increases and then decreases, and the greatest 2M r is 7.8 menu/g when x = 0.5. The magnetic properties for x = 0.4 are similar to those for x = 0.6, indicating that the magnetic properties originate mainly from the coupling between Fe 3+ and Co 3+ ions, rather than from their own magnetic moments.     

Preparation and properties of Nd-doped BCTH lead-free ceramics by solid-phase twin crystal method

0.5 mol% Nd-doped (Ba_0.85Ca_0.15)(Ti_0.9Hf_0.1)O₃ (BCTH-Nd) lead-free ceramics were prepared by a solid-phase twin crystal method, where the effects of sintering condition on structure, electrical and optical properties were studied. All the sintered BCTH-Nd ceramics exhibit pure perovskite structure, dense microstructure with several micron grain size, which tends to increase with elevating sintering temperature. All synthesized ceramics have complex dielectric behavior, which presents normal ferroelectrics characteristic with slight dispersion phenomenon. The BCTH-Nd ceramics exhibit excellent piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties and acceptable dielectric performance when sintered at 1480 °C for 2 h. Under 269 nm light excitation, several fluorescent emission peaks are excited with a whole indigo fluorescence, where the strongest emission peak is emitted at 473 nm, corresponding to the ⁴G_3/2 → ⁴I_9/2 energy level transition of Nd³⁺. Multifunctional performance is fulfilled in the lead-free BCTH ceramics via rare earth doping, which can broaden the application fields of piezoelectric-based materials.     

Phase transition,dielectric and piezoelectric properties of NaNbO3–Bi0.5Li0.5TiO3 lead-free ceramics

Lead-free ceramics (1?x)NaNbO₃–xBi_0.5Li_0.5TiO₃ have been fabricated by an ordinary sintering technique, and their electric properties and temperature characteristics have been studied. All the ceramics possess a perovskite structure with orthorhombic symmetry, indicating that (Bi_0.5Li_0.5)TiO₃ diffuses into NaNbO₃ lattices to form a new solid solution. A low (Bi_0.5Li_0.5)TiO₃ doping level transforms the NaNbO₃ ceramics from antiferroelectric to ferroelectric. The ceramics with x ≤ 0.075 are normal ferroelectric, and the ferroelectric-paraelectric phase become diffusives with the doping level of Bi_0.5Li_0.5TiO₃ increasing. As x increases, the Curie temperature of the ceramics decreases linearly, while the relative permittivity ε_r increases. 0.925NaNbO₃–0.075(Bi_0.5Li_0.5)TiO₃ ceramic exhibits the relatively large piezoelectric constant (d₃₃ = 58 pC/N), high Curie temperature (T_C = 228 °C) and good temperature stability, suggesting that the ceramics are one of new possible candidates for lead-free piezoelectric materials.