横观各向同性圆球壳的自由扭转振动

本文用弹性动力学理论研究横观各向同性圆球壳的轴对称自由扭转振动问题,求出位移和应力的解析表达式,揭示了壳体在子午线方向和半径方向的耦合振动特性,文末算例给出不同几何尺寸和材料性质圆球壳固有频率和振型的数字计算结果.     

弹／粘塑性压力容器的塑性失稳破坏

依据压力容器拉伸塑性失稳破坏特征,计算了旋转薄壁壳压力容器在弹/粘塑性材料下的塑性失稳破坏,文中就圆柱壳形、圆球壳形、抛物线壳形封头等压力容器的失稳状态,分别求出它们的应力应变。     

正交各向异性旋转壳的塑性拉伸失稳

研究了正交各向异性旋转壳的拉伸塑性失稳，给出了失稳条件下强化材料旋转壳的应力和应变。     

加速旋转变厚度锥壳和圆盘中的应力

通过求解球坐系中的弹性力学平衡方程，得到线性变厚度锥壳和圆盘在角加速旋转中位移和应力的封闭形式解，从而发现锥壳式圆盘中的剪应力只与几何尺寸、材料密度和角加速度有关，而与材料的弹性常数无关，文末的数字结果表明，变厚度圆盘的变形和应力与等厚度圆盘相比有较大的不同。     

基于渐近传递函数解的截锥壳单元

普通截锥壳单元是分析旋转壳结构的常用单元,但应力计算的精度较差;而渐近传递函数解在圆锥壳的应力分析方面具有很高的计算精度。本文针对一般截锥壳单元应力计算精度不高的缺点,将传递函数法与有限元法进行结合,以圆锥壳的渐近传递函数解为插值函数,直接构造了一种高精度的截锥壳单元,该单元位移插值模式满足相容性和完备性要求,并具有力学概念清楚、计算精度高等特点。数值算例表明,采用该单元进行圆锥壳的内力和自由振动     

水輪机涡壳应力和位移的研究

水輪机金属涡壳是断面成螺綫收縮的非对称壳体,目前用壳体理論还不能完善地計算它的应力和位移。本文介紹了用金属涡壳模型試驗方法进行应力和径向位移的研究;并将应力測定的結果与按的涡壳应力計算公式进行了比較和分析。     

旋转壳及附属结构应力分析软件系统

本文概述了近年来旋转壳应力分析软件系统的一些最新发展，它主要是结合电力建设中超大，超高冷却塔设计和施工中提出的壳筒，离散支柱的整体静力分析及抗震研究，不均匀地基及其沉陷，大塔稳定性，离散支柱局部缺断后的壳体应力分布等力学问题，通过新单元的开发和新算法的数值实现两个方面的工作，在文（１）的基础上，开发了一个旋转壳及附属结构应力分析软件系统。近年来这个系统对一些工程的实际应用表明，它是有效可靠的。     

旋转壳及附属结构应力分析软件系统

本文概述了近年来旋转壳应力分析软件系统的一些最新发展。它主要是结合电力建设中超大、超高冷却塔设计和施工中提出的壳筒、离散支柱的整体静力分析及抗震研究，不均匀地基及其沉陷，大塔稳定性，离散支柱局部缺断后的壳体应力分布等力学问题，通过新单元的开发和新算法的数值实现两个方面的工作，在文［１］的基础上，开发了一个旋转壳及附属结构应力分析软件系统．近年来这个系统对一些工程的实际应用表明，它是有效可靠的．     

用正交曲线坐标系中的曲壳单元分析旋转壳的自由振动

本文采用正交曲线坐标系中考虑横向剪切变形的双曲旋转壳单元,对几种不同类型的旋转壳的自由振动进行了分析。为了计算封闭和半封闭的旋转壳,本文用半解析法,由位移连续条件导出旋转壳顶点的两类位移限制条件,并通过结圆自由度的变换,将其转换为齐次形式。当壳体的经线有折角时,我们采用模态综合法分析它的固有振动特性。     

一类新型受任意载荷的杂交旋转壳单元

本文从弹性力学Reissner变分原理出发推导旋转壳曲线坐标系下内分，位移的二类变量广义变分原理，依据这个原理推导一类旋转壳坐标系中具有独立横向转角的受谐和外载荷下的杂交旋转壳单元，内力模式的选用使刚度矩阵的剪切部份在薄壳情况下能反映Kirchhoff假设，并使单元刚度矩阵满秩，从而保证单元无剪切自锁和零能模式，数例证明这类单元对中厚和薄旋转壳具有良好的通用性和较高的精度。     

Ultimate deformation behavior of a laminated spherical shell

Summary A solution method is developed for a laminated spherical shell, subject to uniform normal tractions or constant radial displacements on the boundary. Displacements and stresses in the shell can be obtained from the solution formulas, which are as simple as those for homogeneous spherical shells. These formulas are accurate when the thicknesses of the constituent spherical layers are small in comparison with the radii of the shell, and become exact in case these thicknesses tend to zero under a fixed overall shell thickness. The solution is obtained mainly by exactly treating the product of an infinitely large number of matrices which link the displacements and stresses in different constituent spherical layers. A continuous analysis and a number of numerical results are provided to validate this development. Received 4 December 1996; accepted for publication 12 September 1997     

球形厚壳的应力分析

文中将球形厚壳视为三维弹性体，按三维弹性理论问题求解其应力及位移。     

THE ANALYSIS OF INTERLAMINAR STRESSES FOR COMPOSITE LAMINATED SHALLOW SHELLS WITH INTERFACIAL DAMAGE

Based on the general six-degrees-of-freedom plate theory towards the accurate stress analysis and nonlinear theory of shallow shells, considering the damage effect of the interlaminar interface and using the variation principle, the three-dimensional non-linear equilibrium differential equations of the laminated shallow shells with interfacial damage are derived. Then, considering a simply supported laminated shallow shell with damage and under normal load, an analytical solution is presented by using finite difference method to obtain the interlaminar stresses. Numerical results show, the stiffness of the shell is weakened, greater absolute values of displacements as well as smaller interlaminar stresses are obtained by interfacial damage. When the interfacial damage is further increased, delamination occurs obviously under normal pulling load and pure shear slip occurs under normal pressure load. The portion of the load undertaken by the two sides of the interface is more different. Different mechanical behaviors are shown in both sides of the interface, and the discontinuation of stresses and displacements takes place in the interface.     

An optimum design of elements introducing a load into a spherical shell

The paper deals with the design of a shape of an element introducing the tangential load into the spherical shell in a way avoiding strong concentration of stresses in the shell. The shape of the attachment is obtained by solving two equations of compatibility of normal and tangential displacements of the shell and the attachment.     

THEORY OF THICK-WALLED SHELLS AND ITS APPLICATION IN CYLINDRICAL SHELL

In this paper, a theory of thick-walled shells is established by means of Hellinger-Reissner's variational principle, with displacement and stress assumptions. The displacements are expanded into power series of the thickness coordinate. Only the first four and the first three terms are used for the displacements parallel and normal to the middle surface respectively. The normal extruding and transverse shear stresses are assumed to bt, cubic polynomials and to satLyfy the boundary stress conditions on the outer and inner surfaces of the shell. The governing equations and boundary conditions are derived by means of variational principle. As an example, a thick-walled cylindrical.shell is disscussed with the theory proposed. Furthermore, a photoelastic experiment has been carried out, and the results are in fair agreement with the computations.     

Refined Mixed-Finite-Element Solution of the Problem on the Stress State of Laminated Spherical Shells

The functional of total potential energy is corrected for the perfect contact between the thin layers of a spherical shell by the method of Lagrange multipliers. A mixed finite element scheme in displacements and contact stresses is constructed with the use of the {m, n}-approximation. The bending of a shell with a square planform under external pressure is studied for various support conditions on the sides and at the corner points. The distributions of the contact stresses are found for two- and three-layer structures     

Stokes flow past an assemblage of axisymmetric porous spherical shell-in-cell models: effect of stress jump condition

The quasisteady axisymmetrical flow of an incompressible viscous fluid past an assemblage of porous concentric spherical shell-in-cell model is studied. Boundary conditions on the cell surface that correspond to the Happel, Kuwabara, Kvashnin and Cunningham/Mehta-Morse models are considered. At the fluid-porous interfaces, the stress jump boundary condition for the tangential stresses along with continuity of normal stress and velocity components are employed. The Brinkman’s equation in the porous region and the Stokes equation for clear fluid are used. The hydrodynamic drag force acting on the porous shell by the external fluid in each of the four boundary conditions on the cell surface is evaluated. It is found that the normalized mobility of the particles (the hydrodynamic interaction among the porous shell particles) depends not only on the permeability of the porous shells and volume fraction of the porous shell particles, but also on the stress jump coefficient. As a limiting case, the drag force or mobility for a suspension of porous spherical shells reduces to those for suspensions of impermeable solid spheres and of porous spheres with jump.     

Thermo-magnetic analysis of thick-walled spherical pressure vessels made of functionally graded materials

This study presents an analytical solution of thermal and mechanical displacements, strains, and stresses for a thick-walled rotating spherical pressure vessel made of functionally graded materials(FGMs). The pressure vessel is subject to axisymmetric mechanical and thermal loadings within a uniform magnetic field. The material properties of the FGM are considered as the power-law distribution along the thickness. Navier's equation, which is a second-order ordinary differential equation, is derived from the mechanical equilibrium equation with the consideration of the thermal stresses and the Lorentz force resulting from the magnetic field. The distributions of the displacement,strains, and stresses are determined by the exact solution to Navier's equation. Numerical results clarify the influence of the thermal loading, magnetic field, non-homogeneity constant, internal pressure, and angular velocity on the magneto-thermo-elastic response of the functionally graded spherical vessel. It is observed that these parameters have remarkable effects on the distributions of radial displacement, radial and circumferential strains, and radial and circumferential stresses.