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1.
We consider a fully practical finite-element approximationof the following system of nonlinear degenerate parabolic equations: (u)/(t) + . (u2 [(v)]) - (1)/(3) .(u3 w)= 0, w = - c u - u-+ a u-3 , (v)/(t) + . (u v [(v)]) - v - .(u2 v w) = 0. The above models a surfactant-driven thin-film flow in the presenceof both attractive, a>0, and repulsive, >0 with >3,van der Waals forces; where u is the height of the film, v isthe concentration of the insoluble surfactant monolayer and(v):=1-v is the typical surface tension. Here 0 and c>0 arethe inverses of the surface Peclet number and the modified capillarynumber. In addition to showing stability bounds for our approximation,we prove convergence, and hence existence of a solution to thisnonlinear degenerate parabolic system, (i) in one space dimensionwhen >0; and, moreover, (ii) in two space dimensions if inaddition 7. Furthermore, iterative schemes for solving the resultingnonlinear discrete system are discussed. Finally, some numericalexperiments are presented.  相似文献   

2.
Optimal order H1 and L error bounds are obtained for a continuouspiecewise linear finite element approximation of an obstacleproblem, where the obstacle's height as well as the contactzone, c, are a priori unknown. The problem models the indentationof a membrane by a rigid punch. For R2, given ,g R+ and an obstacle defined over E we consider the minimization of |v|21,+over (v, µ) H10() x R subject to v+µ on E. In additionwe show under certain nondegeneracy conditions that dist (c,hc)Ch ln 1/h, where hc is the finite element approximation toc. Finally we show that the resulting algebraic problem canbe solved using a projected SOR algorithm.  相似文献   

3.
This paper deals with the stability analysis of numerical methodsfor the solution of delay differential equations. We focus onthe behaviour of the one-leg -method and the linear -methodin the solution of the linear test equation U'(t)=U(t)+µU(t- ), with >0 and complex ,µ The stability regions forboth of these methods are determined. The regions turn out tobe equal to each other only if =0 or =1.  相似文献   

4.
This paper considers the finite-element approximation of theelliptic interface problem: -?(u) + cu = f in Rn (n = 2 or3), with u = 0 on , where is discontinuous across a smoothsurface in the interior of . First we show that, if the meshis isoparametrically fitted to using simplicial elements ofdegree k - 1, with k 2, then the standard Galerkin method achievesthe optimal rate of convergence in the H1 and L2 norms overthe approximations l4 of l where l 2. Second, since itmay be computationally inconvenient to fit the mesh to , weanalyse a fully practical piecewise linear approximation ofa related penalized problem, as introduced by Babuska (1970),based on a mesh that is independent of . We show that, by choosingthe penalty parameter appropriately, this approximation convergesto u at the optimal rate in the H1 norm over l4 and in the L2norm over any interior domain l* satisfying l* l** l4 for somedomain l**. Present address: School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences,University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QH  相似文献   

5.
In this paper we consider boundary integral methods appliedto boundary value problems for the positive definite Helmholtz-typeproblem –U + 2U = 0 in a bounded or unbounded domain,with the parameter real and possibly large. Applications arisein the implementation of space–time boundary integralmethods for the heat equation, where is proportional to 1/(t),and t is the time step. The corresponding layer potentials arisingfrom this problem depend nonlinearly on the parameter and havekernels which become highly peaked as , causing standard discretizationschemes to fail. We propose a new collocation method with arobust convergence rate as . Numerical experiments on a modelproblem verify the theoretical results.  相似文献   

6.
In this paper asymptotic stability properties of -methods fordelay differential equations (DDEs) are considered with respectto the test equation y'(t) = ay(t) + by(t - ), t > 0, y(t)= g(t), - t 0, where > 0. First we examine extensivelythe instance where a, b and g(t) is a continuous real-valuedfunction; then we investigate the more general case of a, b C and g(t) a continuous complex-valued function. The last decade has seen a relatively large number of papersdevoted to the study of the stability of -methods, using thetest equation (0.1). In those papers, conditions that are strongerthan necessary for the (asymptotic) stability of the zero solutionare assumed; for instance, [a]+¦b¦ < 0, thatis the set of complex pairs (a, b) such that the zero solutionof (0.1) is asymptotically stable for every > 0. In thispaper we study, instead, the stability properties of -methodsfor equation (0.1) with an arbitrary but fixed value of .  相似文献   

7.
Soient F un corps commutatif localement compact non archimédienet un caractère additif non trivial de F. Soient unereprésentation du groupe de Weil–Deligne de F,et sa contragrédiente. Nous calculons le facteur (, , ). De manière analogue, nous calculons le facteur (x, , ) pour toute représentationadmissible irréductible de GLn(F). En conséquence,si F est de caractéristique nulle et si et se correspondentpar la correspondance de Langlands construite par M. Harris,ou celle construite par les auteurs, alors les facteurs (, , s) et (x, , s) sont égaux pour tout nombre complexe s. Let F be a non-Archimedean local field and a non-trivial additivecharacter of F. Let be a representation of the Weil–Delignegroup of F and its contragredient representation. We compute (, , ). Analogously, we compute (x, , ) for all irreducible admissible representations of GLn(F).Consequently, if F has characteristic zero, and , correspondvia the Langlands correspondence established by M. Harris orthe correspondence constructed by the authors, then we have(, , s) = (x, , s) for all sC. 1991 Mathematics Subject Classification22E50.  相似文献   

8.
The plasma problem studied is: given R+ find (, d, u) R ?R ? H1() such that Let 1 < 2 be the first two eigenvalues of the associatedlinear eigenvalue problem: find $$\left(\lambda ,\phi \right)\in\mathrm{R;}\times {\hbox{ H }}_{0}^{1}\left(\Omega \right)$$such that For 0(0,2) it is well known that there exists a unique solution(0, d0, u0) to the above problem. We show that the standard continuous piecewise linear Galerkinfinite-element approximatinon $$\left({\lambda }_{0},{\hbox{d }}_{0}^{k},{u}_{0}^{h}\right)$$, for 0(0,2), converges atthe optimal rate in the H1, L2, and L norms as h, the mesh length,tends to 0. In addition, we show that dist (, h)Ch2 ln 1/h,where $${\Gamma }^{\left(h\right)}=\left\{x\in \Omega :{u}_{0}^{\left(h\right)}\left(x\right)=0\right\}$$.Finally we consider a more practical approximation involvingnumerical integration.  相似文献   

9.
Given (–1, 0), n N, we discuss the optimal recoveryof (), for analytic and bounded in < 1, from the knowledge of the values of at n points z1,.zm[0,l),where these points are chosen to produce the least possibleintrinsic error. The optimal algorithms are explicitly determined.  相似文献   

10.
Let (t) be a closed curve in R2 which propagates in its normaldirection n with velocity V = --q.n-g, where is the mean curvatureof (t) and g and q are given represent, respectively, a forcingterm and a vector field. In this paper we prove that such flowscan be approximated by numerical solutions of advection Allen-Cahnequations. It is shown that the zero level set of the fullydiscrete solution using explicit time stepping converges evenpast singularities to the true interface provided that no fatteningoccurs and , h2 O(4), where h and denote the mesh size andthe time step. For smooth flows an optimal O(2)-rate of convergenceis derived provided , h2 O(5). The analysis is based on constructingfully discrete barriers via an explicit parabolic projectionand Lipschitz dependence of the viscosity solutions with respectto perturbations of data.  相似文献   

11.
An elliptic boundary-value problem on a domain with prescribedDirichlet data on I is approximated using a finite-elementspace of approximation power hK in the L2 norm. It is shownthat the total flux across I can be approximated with an errorof O(hK) when is a curved domain in Rn (n = 2 or 3) and isoparametricelements are used. When is a polyhedron, an O(h2K–2)approximation is given. We use these results to study the finite-elementapproximation of elliptic equations when the prescribed boundarydata on I is the total flux. Present address: School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences,University of Sussex, Brighton, Sussex BN1 9QH.  相似文献   

12.
Quasi-interpolants to a function f: RR on an infinite regularmesh of spacing h can be defined by where :RR is a function with fast decay for large argument. In the approach employing the radial-basis-function : RR, thefunction is a finite linear combination of basis functions(|•–jh|) (jZ). Choosing Hardy's multiquadrics (r)=(r2+c2)?,we show that sufficiently fast-decaying exist that render quasi-interpolationexact for linear polynomials f. Then, approximating f C2(R),we obtain uniform convergence of s to f as (h, c)0, and convergenceof s' to f' as (h, c2/h)0. However, when c stays bounded awayfrom 0 as h0, there are f C(R) for which s does not convergeto f as h0. We also show that, for all which vanish at infinity but arenot integrable over R, there are no finite linear combinations of the given basis functions allowing the construction of admissiblequasi-interpolants. This includes the case of the inverse multiquadncs(r)=(r2+c2)–?.  相似文献   

13.
We analyse approximate solutions generated by an upwind differencescheme (of Engquist–Osher type) for nonlinear degenerateparabolic convection–diffusion equations where the nonlinearconvective flux function has a discontinuous coefficient (x)and the diffusion function A(u) is allowed to be strongly degenerate(the pure hyperbolic case is included in our setup). The mainproblem is obtaining a uniform bound on the total variationof the difference approximation u, which is a manifestationof resonance. To circumvent this analytical problem, we constructa singular mapping (, ·) such that the total variationof the transformed variable z = (, u) can be bounded uniformlyin . This establishes strong L1 compactness of z and, since(, ·) is invertible, also u. Our singular mapping isnovel in that it incorporates a contribution from the diffusionfunction A(u). We then show that the limit of a converging sequenceof difference approximations is a weak solution as well as satisfyinga Krukov-type entropy inequality. We prove that the diffusionfunction A(u) is Hölder continuous, implying that the constructedweak solution u is continuous in those regions where the diffusionis nondegenerate. Finally, some numerical experiments are presentedand discussed.  相似文献   

14.
Discrete methods in the study of an inverse problem for Laplace's equation   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
Let u be harmonic in the interior of a rectangle and satisfythe third-kind boundary condition un + yu = where 0, y 0with supports included in the bottom and in the top side of, respectively. Recovering y from a knowledge of and of thetrace of u on the bottom is a nonlinear inverse problem ofinterest in the field of nondestructive evaluation. A convergentGalerkin method for approximating y is proposed and tested innumerical experiments.  相似文献   

15.
For x=f (x, ), x Rn, R, having a hyperbolic or semihyperbolicequilibrium p(), we study the numerical approximation of parametervalues * at which there is an orbit homoclinic to p(). We approximate* by solving a finite-interval boundary value problem on J=[T,T+], T<0<T+, with boundary conditions that sayx(T) and x(T+) are in approximations to appropriate invariantmanifolds of p(). A phase condition is also necessary to makethe solution unique. Using a lemma of Xiao-Biao Lin, we improve,for certain phase conditions, existing estimates on the rateof convergence of the computed homoclinic bifurcation parametervalue , to the true value *. The estimates we obtain agree withthe rates of convergence observed in numerical experiments.Unfortunately, the phase condition most commonly used in numericalwork is not covered by our results.  相似文献   

16.
For l, an -triangulation F of a planar domain is such that,for every T F, there holds 1 RT/2rT , where RT (resp. rT)denotes the radius of the circumscribed (resp. inscribed) circleof the triangle T. When T is varying in F the centre of itsinscribed circle is varying in a compact interior to T and itsorthogonal projections on the sides are varying in compact intervalsinterior to these sides. Precise results are given about thesizes of these compacts and are used for the computation oferror constants in the problem of Hermite interpolation by Powell-Sabinquadratic finite elements, bringing to the fore their dependenceon the parameter .  相似文献   

17.
We study smoothing properties and approximation of time derivativesfor time discretization schemes with constant time steps fora homogeneous parabolic problem formulated as an abstract initial-valueproblem in a Banach space. The time stepping schemes are basedon using rational functions r(z) ez which are A()-stablefor suitable [0, /2] and satisfy |r()| < 1, and the approximationsof time derivatives are based on using difference quotientsin time. Both smooth and non-smooth data error estimates ofoptimal order for the approximation of time derivatives areproved. Further, we apply the results to obtain error estimatesof time derivatives in the supremum norm for fully discretemethods based on discretizing the spatial variable by a finite-elementmethod.  相似文献   

18.
The expansion of a real or complex function in a series of Chebyshevpolynomials of the first and second kinds is discussed in thecontext of near-best approximation. The discussion covers realand complex approximation on the real interval [–1, 1]as a special example of the complex elliptical contour , as well as complex approximationon an elliptical domain, an ellipse exterior, and an ellipticalannulus (including special cases in which part of the boundarycollapses into a "crack"). Two distinct types of function spacesare considered, namely appropriately weighted Lp measure spacesand analytic function spaces, and resulting approximations areshown in all cases to be near-best in the Lp norm within a relativedistance asymptotic to (4-2 log n)2p-1–1 for all p (1p ), where relates to the order of approximation.  相似文献   

19.
Permanent address: Department of Engineering Mathematics, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. A priori and a posteriori error bounds are given for the computedeigenpair (, ) of the eigenvalue problem Ax = x, which are shownto be more realistic than some of the available ones. A simplemethod is also presented for computing the backward error. Finallya scaling procedure is explained for reducing the residual error.  相似文献   

20.
The close relationship between the notions of positive formsand representations for a C*-algebra A is one of the most basicfacts in the subject. In particular the weak containment ofrepresentations is well understood in terms of positive forms:given a representation of A in a Hilbert space H and a positiveform on A, its associated representation is weakly containedin (that is, ker ker ) if and only if belongs to the weak*closure of the cone of all finite sums of coefficients of .Among the results on the subject, let us recall the followingones. Suppose that A is concretely represented in H. Then everypositive form on A is the weak* limit of forms of the typex ki=1 i, xi with the i in H; moreover if A is a von Neumannsubalgebra of (H) and is normal, there exists a sequence (i)i 1 in H such that (x) = i 1 i, xi for all x.  相似文献   

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