与浓度相关的扩散系数计算——逼近法

本文探讨了用逼近法计算扩散系数和浓度的函数关系的方法. 逼近法克服了Boltzman-Matano 法的主要缺点. 采用逼近,可以按我们要求的精度求出扩散系数与浓度之间的准确关系.本文研究了扩散方程及其解的一一对应性, 证明了逼近法的可靠性. 用逼近法研究了玻璃中一价阳离子之间的相互扩散行为, 实验证明结果较好。 关键词：     

溶液扩散系数的测量

水和盐溶液在界面上扩散时将形成一具有浓度梯度溶液。溶液扩散系数的测量方法已有一些介绍,但无论在操作还是计算上都有诸多不便,本文将我们的作法向大家作一介绍。一、原理光线穿过具有浓度梯度的溶液后,将出现偏折,而其中偏折最大点是最具有特征的,我们实验原理就是以此为基础的。 1.光线的偏向角与折射率梯度的关系α_1光线在溶液中的偏向角α_2光线射出溶液后在空气中的偏向角 e水槽厚度 n光线入射点液体的折射率α水槽至屏的距离由惠更斯波动原理,经计算有     

电负性混合气体临界电场强度的确定

本文讨论了确定电负性混合气体临界电场强度的两种方法。一是用电负性混合气体中各组成气体的预放电参数来确定按任意比例混合的气体之临界电场强度。另一是由高能脉冲激光释放电子,记录预放电电子电流波形来确定混合气体的临界电场强度。用这两种方法确定N₂和SF₆混合气体的临界电场强度,其结果十分符合。 关键词：     

混合气体输运系数的推导

首先研究了混合气体的碰撞机构,从微观上解释了道尔顿分压定律,然后推导了混合气体的三种输运系数,得到了有意义的结果．     

电负性混合气体临界击穿场强与电子附着速率的探讨

本文讨论电负性混合气体的临界击穿场强与气体电子附着速率的关系,指出在两种气体混合后,临界击穿场强的变化可归纳为线性关系、协同效应、正协同效应和负协同效应4种类型,并分别讨论了它们产生的条件。 关键词：     

Ar—O2混合气体输运系数的量子力学计算

基于物理力学理论，利用量子力学的ＩＯＳＡ方法和Ａｒ－Ｏ２等效势模型计算了Ａｒ在Ｏ２气体中的扩散系数和粘滞系数，并将计算值与实验值进行了比较。     

阻抗谱法确定扩散系数

给出了阻抗谱法确定扩散系数的理论和方法;以钒酸盐阴极材料Na_(1+x)V_3O_(?)(L.T.)为例,应用本方法计算给出了Li~+在阴极中的扩散系数为10~(?)-10~(-9)cm~2·s~(-1);最后还对误差来源进行了讨论. 关键词：     

烷烃混合气体的太赫兹光谱分析

太赫兹时域光谱技术(THz-TDS)是近十多年发展起来的一种新的远红外光谱技术,在气体研究方面有了一定进展,尤其是对极性气体,而对非极性气体研究较少。本文以干馏气、天然气以及各种沼气的主要成分CH₄, C₂H₆和C₃H₈气体(非极性气体)为研究对象,首先对CH₄,C₂H₆和C₃H₈三种纯气进行测量,利用THz-TDS技术得到其太赫兹频域谱和相位谱,然后将其以不同比例、不同种类混合成二元气体,进一步研究混合气体的频域谱和相位谱。实验结果表明CH₄,C₂H₆对太赫兹波的吸收很小而C₃H₈对太赫兹波有一定的吸收,这与C₃H₈极性增强的物理特性相符合。为了实现对烷烃混合气体的压强和各成分浓度的定量分析,本文利用BP人工神经网络法对上述二元混合体系的太赫兹频域谱进行分析,对训练集和预测集分别计算了混合气体的压强和各成分浓度的预测值与实际值的相关系数,训练集和预测集的相关系数取值分别为0.994～0.999和0.981～0.993。研究表明,利用太赫兹时域光谱技术结合BP人工神经网络数学方法可以实现对烷烃混合气体的压强和各成分浓度的定量分析,使THz-TDS技术在气体领域研究范围更加广阔。     

有机电致发光过程中扩散系数的Monte-Carlo模拟

用Monte-Carlo方法对有机电致发光的注入,迁移,复合过程进行了模拟,得到了δ函数电脉冲的扩散系数随时间变化的关系。通过分析,发现有机电致发光器件的物理特性可以通过两个基本的特性参数来表征：激活中心能纺方差σ,电场△E。通过将δ函数电脉冲扩散系数推广到直流电压时扩散系数对ITO／ROPPV（60nm)/Alq(40nm)/Al器件的电致变色现象进行了讨论。     

On the Symmetry of the Diffusion Coefficient in Asymmetric Simple Exclusion

We prove the symmetry of the diffusion coefficient that appears in the fluctuation-dissipation theorem for asymmetric simple exclusion processes.     

Shannon Entropy and Diffusion Coefficient in Parity-Time Symmetric Quantum Walks

Non-Hermitian topological edge states have many intriguing properties, however, to date, they have mainly been discussed in terms of bulk–boundary correspondence. Here, we propose using a bulk property of diffusion coefficients for probing the topological states and exploring their dynamics. The diffusion coefficient was found to show unique features with the topological phase transitions driven by parity–time (PT)-symmetric non-Hermitian discrete-time quantum walks as well as by Hermitian ones, despite the fact that artificial boundaries are not constructed by an inhomogeneous quantum walk. For a Hermitian system, a turning point and abrupt change appears in the diffusion coefficient when the system is approaching the topological phase transition, while it remains stable in the trivial topological state. For a non-Hermitian system, except for the feature associated with the topological transition, the diffusion coefficient in the PT-symmetric-broken phase demonstrates an abrupt change with a peak structure. In addition, the Shannon entropy of the quantum walk is found to exhibit a direct correlation with the diffusion coefficient. The numerical results presented herein may open up a new avenue for studying the topological state in non-Hermitian quantum walk systems.     

同心椭圆度光纤的耦合系数计算

应用耦合模原理，用Ｍａｔｈｉｅｕ函数表示纤芯，包层为同心椭圆度的光纤中的电磁场，在适当近似条件下，求得了基模场中的偶模耦合系数表示式，并给出截止条件下的离心率－耦合系数，半长轴－耦合系数曲线。     

Statistical Analysis of Diffusion Coefficient Determination by Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy

Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) has become an important and widely used technique for many applications in physics, chemistry, and biology. The parameter most frequently addressed by FCS is the diffusion of molecules in solution. Due to the highly non-linear connection between the diffusion coefficient and a measured autocorrelation function, it is extremely difficult to analyse the accuracy of the diffusion-coefficient determination in a FCS experiment. Here, we present a simplified analysis based on some general maximum-likelihood considerations, and numerical result are given for the dependence of the accuracy of the diffusion-coefficient determination on sample concentration, brightness, and measurement time. Optimal concentration values for performing FCS are found.     

模耦合理论计算纳米粒子在聚合物熔体中的含时扩散系数与常规扩散常数 (cited: 2)

分析和计算了纳米粒子在聚合物熔体中的含时扩散系数与常规扩散常数. 采用广义朗之万方程描述扩散动力学,并通过模耦合理论计算摩擦记忆内核.为简单起见,只考虑了来自两体碰撞和溶剂密度涨落耦合作用两类微观因素对摩擦记忆内核的贡献. 采用聚合物参考作用点模型以及Percus-Yevick闭合条件计算了聚合物-纳米粒子复合溶液的平衡态结构信息函数;详尽分析了纳米粒子的尺寸与聚合物链的尺寸对扩散动力学的影响. 揭示了结构函数、摩擦记忆内核以及扩散系数等随着纳米粒子半径和聚合物链长的变化关系. 结果表明,对于小尺寸的纳米粒子或者短链的聚合物,短时间的非马尔可夫扩散 动力学特征比较显著,含时扩散系数需要更长的时间弛豫到常规扩散常数. 微观因素对扩散常数的贡献随着纳米粒子尺寸的增加而减小,却随着聚合物链长的增加而增大. 此外,模耦合理论得到的扩散常数与Stokes-Einstein关系的预测值进行比较,发现对于小尺寸的纳米粒子或者长链的聚合物,微观因素对扩散常数的的贡献占主导地位. 相反,当纳米粒子较大或者聚合物链长较短时,流体力学的贡献会发挥重要作用.     

Nucleation of Sodium in a Plasma Stream with Neon

Russian Physics Journal - Nucleation of sodium in a neon stream is considered within the framework of a method including the energy level width. It is shown that sodium atoms in a plasma stream...     

Investigation of neutron induced reactions on ~(23)Na by using Talys 1.4

The neutron induced reactions on23 Na are investigated by using the Talys1.4 program. The calculated results for the23Na(n, 2n)22Na reaction are found to agree with the experimental results. The cross sections of the residues of the(n, n),(n, γ),(n, p), and(n, np) channels in the reactions are presented, and at the same time, the neutron induced reactions on22 Ne are also investigated.     

Calculation of the Loss Coefficient of Amplified Luminescence in the Active Layer of a Laser Diode

A method to calculate the loss coefficient of amplified luminescence _loss ^lum in the active layer of a laser diode on the basis of radiation transfer equations and the balance between emission, amplification, and absorption of spontaneous radiation is suggested. The values of _loss ^lum and also of the density of fluxes of amplified luminescence have been determined in one- and two-dimensional approximations for laser diodes based on GaAs, GaN, and ZnSe compounds with different configurations of resonators.     

Current-density functional study of the Neon atom in a strong ultrashort magnetic field

A Ne atom exposed to a strong ultrashort magnetic field of the order of ¹⁰⁹ G${10}^9\text{G}$ that lasts for a few femtoseconds is investigated through a current-density functional theory (CDFT) based approach employing a vector exchange–correlation potential that depends on the electronic charge-density as well as on the current-density of the atom. The CDFT based approach yields time-dependent electronic charge- and current-density, along with the exchange–correlation potential and energy, significantly different from that obtained using a current-density independent approach, in particular, at the field-strengths >¹⁰⁹ G$>{10}^9\text{G}$.