野生与种植青海川西獐牙菜中矿物质元素含量特征

青海地道中藏药材川西獐牙菜人工种植试验初见成效。为了对比野生与种植青海川西獐牙菜中矿物质元素的变化,分别采集野生与种植青海川西獐牙菜种子采收前后的全植株,采用原子吸收光谱仪分析测定了其钾、钠、钙、镁等矿物质元素含量。结果表明,野生川西獐牙菜中,青海玉树较四川川西地区的钠、磷元素含量高,钙、钾、镁元素含量低。种植青海川西獐牙菜在成熟种子采收后较采收前钠、镁、钙、磷等显著增加,且种植青海川西獐牙菜与青海玉树地区野生川西獐牙菜中矿物质元素含量较为接近。     

种植青海大黄叶中矿物质元素研究

青海地道中药材“西宁大黄”，野生资源濒临枯竭，人工种植规模不断扩大。定期采集了青海西宁及邻近地区两年生种植大黄叶，分析测试了其矿物质元素，为西宁大黄资源的可持续开发和利用提供科学依据。研究表明，种植大黄叶中矿物质营养元素的协同性以及有效蓄积对大黄的生长具有重要意义。钠元素在大黄叶中的有效蓄积以及环境中水分的及时补给对种植大黄的生长具有重要作用。     

青海野生抱茎獐牙菜中矿物质元素含量特征

为了对比分析青海不同地区野生抱茎獐牙菜中微量元素含量,采集花期抱茎獐牙菜全植株,采用原子吸收光谱仪分析了其铜、锌、铁、锰、钴、镍等元素含量。结果表明,不同地区野生抱茎獐牙菜中微量元素含量的变化可能与采样时间有关。     

野生唐古特大黄矿物元素含量特征

对比青海果洛境内野生唐古特大黄中10种矿物质元素含量特征,用原子吸收光谱法分析了其常量元素K、 Na、 Ca、 Mg 、 P及微量元素Cu、 Zn、 Fe、 Mn、 Al含量。结果表明,唐古特大黄根部与其土壤环境呈现出不同的矿物质元素含量特征,植物中Na、 Ca和P总体表现出富集趋势。矿物质元素含量在不同居群的差异,提示在不同的生境条件下唐古特大黄对矿物质元素采取选择性吸收。     

不同颜色果实唐古特白刺叶中矿物质元素含量的比较

通过采用ICP-MS检测了柴达木盆地3种不同颜色果实唐古特白刺叶中11种矿物质元素. 结果表明不同颜色果实唐古特白刺叶中矿物质元素存在差异. 唐古特白刺叶中常量元素以Na元素最高,其中以紫色果实白刺叶中Na元素和常量元素总量最高,大红果白刺叶最低. 微量元素在白刺叶中以Fe元素含量最高,其中以紫红果白刺叶中Fe元素和必需微量元素总量最高,紫色果含量最低. 另外,有害元素Pb和Cd在3种颜色果实的叶子中含量均较低. 方法简便快速,结果准确可靠,可以为不同颜色果实唐古特白刺叶子的应用提供基础数据.     

食用菌类中矿物质元素的研究

用火焰原子吸收分光光度法对广东清远笔架山的 1 7种食用菌、 2种木耳及灵芝中赤芝的 8种矿物质元素进行了测定。结果表明 ,食用菌类是优质食品 ,富含对人体有益的微量元素 ,有较高营养价值     

反相高效液相色谱法测定野生与栽培花锚药材及其制剂中的花锚甙和去甲氧基花锚甙

建立了花锚药材及其制剂中两种抗肝炎有效成分花锚甙和去甲氧基花锚甙的反相高效液相色谱测定方法。采用甲醇回流提取进行样品处理,在乙腈 磷酸水溶液为流动相作梯度洗脱、ODS柱、检测波长为254 nm条件下,花锚甙和去甲氧基花锚甙均可达到基线分离。两种成分在0.68～3.40 g/L ,0.36～1.8 g/L 时,其峰面积与浓度成良好的线性关系,加标回收率为95%～105%。该法适用于花锚药材及其制剂的质量分析检验。     

湛江产杨桃叶中6种矿物质元素的测定

用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定了湛江产甜、酸杨桃叶中Cu、Zn、Mn、Fe、Mg、Ca元素的含量。结果表明,甜、酸杨桃叶中含有丰富的Ca、Mn、Mg;甜、酸杨桃叶中的6种元素比较,除了Ca,甜杨桃叶中的Mn、Mg、Fe、Zn、Cu含量均高于酸杨桃。实验可为更好的开发和利用杨桃叶资源提供实验数据。     

藏药牦牛肝提取物中矿物质元素特征及意义

采用220FS原子吸收光谱仪测定了传统藏药牦牛肝提取物中的K、Na、Ca、Mg、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn等8种矿物质元素含量.结果显示,藏药牦牛肝提取物中含有丰富的矿物质元素,对儿童和青少年骨骼的生长发育,中老年骨质疏松症预防有着极为重要的营养学和治疗意义,开发前景广阔.     

柴达木唐古特白刺色素中矿物质元素分析

对唐古特白刺色素的矿物质元素进行了分析。结果表明,在色素中Na、K、Ca含量高,这与白刺生长在盐碱地有关;Fe、Zn、Cu、Mn、Se等必需微量元素含量丰富;有害元素含量低。为唐古特白刺色素在食品和饮料中的应用提供了基础数据。     

Isolation,purification and structural characterization of a water-soluble polysaccharide HM41 from Halenia elliptica D. Don

A water-soluble polysaccharide, HM_(41), was obtained from Halenia elliptica D. Don by acidic ethanol fractionation and gel filtration. Its homogeneity was confirmed by chromatography using multiple systems. HM_(41) was composed of rhamnose(Rha), arabinose(Ara), xylose(Xyl), mannose(Man),galactose(Gal), glucose(Glc) with a molar ratio of 1.0:5.5:1.8:3.0:9.4:21. The average molecular weight of HM_(41) was approximately 1.17 * 10~4. Periodate oxidation, Smith degradation, methylation and GC, IR,NMR, XRD, GC–MS analysis were used for the structural analysis of HM_(41). Its main chain was composed mainly of β-(1→4)Gal, β-(1→4)Glc and β-(1→6)Glc. β-(1 →4)Gal were substituted at 6-O and on average there were 14 branches among 23 main chain residues;(1→ 4)Glc had no branch;(1→6)Glc were substituted at 3-O and on average there were 9 branches among 14 main chain residues. The side chain was composed of(1→3,6)-Rha,(1→4)/(1→5)-Ara,(1 →4)/(1→5)-Xyl,(1→4,6)-Man and(1→2)-Glc. The terminal residue was composed of Ara, Xyl, Man, Gal, and Glc. Then, we demonstrated that HM and HM_(41) had strong scavenging activities in vitro hydroxyl. Overall, HM and HM_(41) may have potential applications in the antioxidants for medical and food industry.     

野生与种植青海川西獐牙菜中微量元素的测定

为了对比野生与种植青海川西獐牙菜中微量元素的变化,分别采集野生川西獐牙菜与种植青海川西獐牙菜种子采收前后的全植株,采用原子吸收光谱仪测定了其铜、锌、铁、锰、钴等微量元素含量。结果表明,野生川西獐牙菜较种植青海川西獐牙菜中微量元素含量高,种植川西獐牙菜在成熟种子采收后较采收前(花果期)铁、锰、钴、锌等元素含量高。     

青海群加地区种植大黄根茎组织结构中微量元素特征

微量元素对于种植青海大黄的生长发育有着重要作用。采集青海群加地区种植大黄根茎,分为皮层、韧皮部、木质部和髓部等四部分,采用原子吸收光谱法分别测试了其不同组织中铜、锌、铁、锰、钴、镍等元素含量。结果表明,种植大黄根茎中铜、锌、铁、锰等元素主要分布在皮层,其次是木质部或髓部,元素含量较低的是韧皮部。随着生长年龄增加种植大黄对铁、锰、钴元素营养需求量有所增加,对锌、铜、镍元素营养的需求量略减。     

Interaction effects on cytochrome P450 both in vitro and in vivo studies by two major bioactive xanthones from Halenia elliptica D. Don

The major components, 1‐hydroxy‐2,3,5‐trimethoxy‐xanthone (HM‐1) and 1,5‐dihydroxy‐2,3‐dimethoxy‐xanthone (HM‐5) isolated from Halenia elliptica D. Don (Gentianaceae), could cause vasodilatation in rat coronary artery with different mechanisms. In this work, high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled to ion trap time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (LCMS‐IT‐TOF) was used to clarify the metabolic pathways, and CYP450 isoform involvement of HM‐1 and HM‐5 were also studied in rat. At the same time, in vivo inhibition effects of HM‐1 and ethyl acetate extracts from origin herb were studied. Three metabolites of HM‐5 were found in rat liver microsomes (RLMs); demethylation and hydroxylation were the major phase I metabolic reactions for HM‐5. Multiple CYP450s were involved in metabolism of HM‐1 and HM‐5. The inhibition study showed that HM‐5 inhibited Cyp1a2, 2c6 and 2d2 in RLMs. HM‐1 inhibited activities of Cyp1a2, Cyp2c6 and Cyp3a2. In vivo experiment demonstrated that both HM‐1 and ethyl acetate extracts could inhibit Cyp3a2 in rats. In conclusion, the metabolism of xanthones from the origin herb involved multiple CYP450 isoforms; in vitro, metabolism of HM‐5 was similar to that of its parent drug HM‐1, but their inhibition effects upon CYP450s were different; in vivo, Cyp3a2 could be inhibited by HM‐1 and ethyl acetate extracts.     

野生与施肥种植川西獐牙菜中矿物质元素含量的季节变化

为对比野生与施肥（尿素和磷酸二铵）种植青海川西獐牙菜中元素含量的变化,分别采集野生和6～10月施肥种植川西獐牙菜全植株,采用原子吸收光谱仪分析测定了其钾、钠、钙、镁等矿物质元素含量和铜、锌、铁、锰、钴等微量元素含量。结果表明,施肥种植川西獐牙菜中矿物质元素、微量元素含量除钾外,均高于野生种,并在9～10月份达到最高水平,可替代野生种人药,按需适时采收,以解决资源匮乏。