线性扫描极谱法测定辛伐他汀

用线性扫描极谱法研究辛伐他汀的电化学行为。在pH 6.88的0.12mol·L-1磷酸氢二钠-磷酸二氢钾缓冲溶液中,辛伐他汀于-1.188V(vs.SCE)处产生一灵敏的吸附波,其一次微分线性扫描峰电流与辛伐他汀质量浓度在0.01～5.0mg·L-1范围内呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为7.0μg·L-1。对5.0mg·L-1辛伐他汀溶液进行6次平行试验,相对标准偏差(n=6)为0.53%,方法可用于测定其片剂中辛伐他汀含量。     

线性扫描极谱法测定消旋山莨菪碱

用线性扫描极谱法和循环伏安法研究了消旋山莨菪碱在0.3mol·L~(-1)磷酸氢二钠-磷酸二氢钾缓冲溶液(pH 6.70)中的电化学行为。消旋山莨菪碱于-1.095V(vs.SCE)处产生一灵敏的吸附波,消旋山莨菪碱质量浓度在0.10～10.0mg·L~(-1)范围内与其一次微分线性扫描峰电流i_p呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为0.06mg·L~(-1)。对5.0mg·L~(-1)消旋山莨菪碱溶液进行6次平行试验,相对标准偏差为0.34%,该方法用于片剂中消旋山莨菪碱含量的测定,测定值与标示值相符。     

线性扫描极谱法测定盐酸吡硫醇

用线性扫描极谱法研究盐酸吡硫醇的电化学行为,在pH 6.27的磷酸氢二钠-磷酸二氢钾缓冲溶液中,盐酸吡硫醇于-0.560V(vs·SCE)处产生一灵敏的吸附波,其一次微分线性扫描峰电流与盐酸吡硫醇质量浓度在0.10～100.0 mg·L-1范围内呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为0.07mg·L-1。对10.0mg·L-1盐酸吡硫醇溶液进行6次平行试验,相对标准偏差为0.82%,方法可用于片剂中盐酸吡硫醇含量的测定,所得结果与标示值相符。     

微波辅助萃取-气相色谱-质谱法测定牙膏中二甘醇

提出了气相色谱-质谱法测定牙膏样品中二甘醇的方法。用微波萃取法以无水乙醇作萃取溶剂,在120℃萃取20min,使牙膏样品中二甘醇溶于乙醇中,所得萃取液经脱水后,用气相色谱-质谱法测定其含量。色谱分离选用HP-INNOWAX色谱柱,采用程序升温方式;质谱测定中采用电子轰击离子源及选择离子监测模式。在最佳萃取和测定条件下,方法的线性范围为0.01～50.0mg·mL-1,检出限(3s/b)为0.005mg·mL-1。用1.0mg·mL-1二甘醇标准溶液6份按方法测定,对方法的精密度作了试验,测得相对标准偏差(n=6)小于1.6%。在牙膏样品基体上加入标准溶液作回收试验,测得回收率为95.0%～103.0%。     

光化学催化动力学法测定痕量铊

基于在紫外光的照射下铊对光泽精-过氧化氢体系的光化学催化作用,提出了光化学催化动力学测定痕量铊的方法。系统地考察光源、光照时间、试剂用量及共存离子等因素对测定结果的影响,并探讨了该体系光化学催化作用可能的机理,确定了最佳的测定条件。铊(Ⅰ)的线性范围为0.05～0.3mg·mL-1,检出限(3s/k)为0.0081mg·mL-1。该法用于硫铁矿样品中痕量铊的测定,其相对标准偏差(n=6)为3.27%,回收率在80.0%～120.0%之间。     

Ni(Ⅳ)配合物-鲁米诺流动注射化学发光体系测定人体尿液中皮质醇

建立了Ni(Ⅳ)-鲁米诺化学发光体系测定皮质醇的新方法。在优化条件下,测定皮质醇的线性范围为0.5~50ng·mL-1,检出限为0.05ng·mL-1。对20ng·mL-1的皮质醇标准溶液平行测定11次,其相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.56%。应用所建立方法测定了注射液和人体尿液中的皮质醇含量,结果满意。     

脂质体免疫传感器的制备及其应用于测定尿液中2,4-D的量

将4种溶质(以10∶10∶1∶1质量比混合的DPPC、胆固醇、DPPG及DPPE)的混合物22mg,溶于4mL氯仿-异丙醚-甲醇(6+6+1)混合溶剂中。向此溶液中加入0.15mol·L-1亚铁氰化钾溶液1mL,于45℃超声涡旋5min使其包埋于脂质体中。将此脂质体包埋的亚铁氰化钾溶液1mL,通过戊二醛(0.7+99.3)溶液2mL的作用,与200μL 2,4-D免抗体溶液(10.53g.L-1)交联。另将自制MWNT′s修饰的石墨电极插入0.05mol·L-1脂质体-抗体-吡咯溶液中,用循环伏安法在0～0.75V电位区间扫描10次,扫描速率为50mV.s-1。由此制成的免疫传感器应用于测定尿样中2,4-D含量,其线性范围为0.05～2.5 mg·L-1之间,检出限(3S/N)为15.4μg·L-1。     

紫外分光光度法测定海水中季铵盐的含量

提出了紫外分光光度法测定海水中季铵盐含量的方法。通过对不同浓缩倍数的海水进行紫外扫描,确定季铵盐的最大吸收波长为263nm。蒸馏水和海水中季铵盐的质量浓度和其吸光度分别在100mg·mL-1和50mg·mL-1以内呈线性关系。方法的检出限(3S/N)为3.205mg.L-1,平均回收率为94.95%,相对标准偏差(n=5)为1.9%。     

新型N-(3-醛基-4-羟基苄基)型季铵盐的合成及其抗菌活性

5-氯甲基水杨醛和季铵(1a~1e)或吡啶(1f)在乙酸乙酯存在下经取代反应合成了一系列新型的N-(3-醛基-4-羟基苄基)型季铵盐(2a~2f),其结构经1H NMR,IR和MS表征。初步的抗菌活性测试结果表明,2a~2f对迟钝爱德华菌、嗜水气单胞菌、哈氏弧菌和鳗弧菌的MIC分别为0.18 mg·mL-1,0.09 mg·mL-1,0.18mg·mL-1和0.09 mg·mL-1。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定一种口腔炎喷雾剂中绿原酸和咖啡酸的含量

取1mL口腔炎喷雾剂样品,用甲醇-水(1+1)溶液定量稀释至10mL,分取此溶液25μL供反相高效液相色谱法测定其绿原酸和咖啡酸含量。采用Shim-packVP-ODS色谱柱分离,以甲醇-0.012mol·L-1磷酸(27+73)混合溶液为流动相,柱温为30℃,流量为0.8mL·min-1,紫外检测器波长为323nm。结果表明:绿原酸在0.51～91.80mg·mL-1,咖啡酸在2.0～360.0mg·mL-1范围内呈线性关系,用标准加入法测定方法的回收率,结果依次在95.9%～97.4%和100.1%～100.9%范围内,检出限(3S/N)依次为0.10,0.40mg·mL-1,测定下限(10S/N)依次为0.36,1.40mg·mL-1。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.