超核Λ5He的核结构研究及其结合能计算

对超核Λ5He的核结构及其对Λ超子结合能BΛ的影响进行了系统的研究.考察了其壳心核4He的极化效应,计算了当⁴He中含有D态混合成分时对结合能B_Λ的贡献.结果表明,壳心核受到Λ超子相互作用的严重极化,不再具有自由α粒子的结构;D态成分的贡献仅改善B_Λ的计算值约0.5MeV.进一步考察了可能的三集团结构,发现对Λ+d+d三集团模型,计算所得B_Λ值比较接近实验值,表明它有一定的合理性.要得到肯定的结论,有待进一步的研究.     

超导材料NbS2上临界磁场的理论分析

根据两带Ginzburg-Landau 理论计算了层状超导材料NbS₂的上临界磁场, 以及上临界磁场各向异性参数随温度的变化情况, 并将NbS₂与MgB₂, NbSe₂上临界磁场的各向异性进行比较. 所得计算结果与已有实验数据符合得很好, 充分说明了NbS₂的超导电性具有两能隙特征. NbS₂上临界磁场各向异性参数在5.0 K附近逐渐变小, 这与MgB₂和NbSe₂有相似之处. 但NbS₂的上临界磁场各向异性参数大约为7.3, 明显大于MgB₂和NbSe₂. 计算结果还表明, NbS₂较大能隙所对应能带的有效质量比约为54, 另一能带的有效质量基本为各向同性.     

奇异介子光生反应的QCD描述

从低能QCD有效拉氏量出发,利用重子夸克结构的[SU_SF(6)⊙O(3)]_sym.⊙SU_c(3)波函数,研究了在核子上的奇异介子光生反应.计算了γ+p→K⁺+Λ反应的微分截面.结果表明:与传统唯象的强子理论相比,仅有一个自由参数(即强相互作用耦合常数)的QCD理论成功地描述了反应过程,很好地解释了实验结果.     

对关联对于Pb208附近α衰变的影响——α约化宽度的绝对值的计算

本文利用BCS波函数及投影波函数计算了₈₄Po的偶-偶同位素及₈₅At的奇-偶同位素的α约化宽度γ_α²的绝对值。文中仔细研究γ_α²的绝对值及相对趋势和参数b,R₀,G的关系;b为谐振子势阱参数,R₀为道半径,G为对关联相互作用常数。计算结果的分析表明:(1)对关联有利于α的形成,它可以使α约化宽度的绝对值增加一个数量级,且可以使相对趋势与实验符合得更好。(2)BCS波函数的粒子数不守恒的缺点,对于满壳外粒子数不多的核的α衰变来说相当严重。用了粒子数守恒的投影波函数,绝对值可以增加1—2倍,且可以使相对趋势变好。(3)考虑了阻塞效应后,宽度约减小10％,使奇A核的阻碍因子的理论值和实验值一致。(4)绝对值对参数的选择很敏感,而相对趋势对参数则不太敏感,要使理论的绝对值接近实验值,必须取R₀在8f以内。     

Ⅲ-V族化合物半导体Λ轴光学声子形变势的研究

本文在LMTO-ASA能带计算中,采用冻结声子模型,系统地研究了Ⅲ-V族化合物半导体的Λ轴光学声子形变势随k值的变化关系,提供了9种Ⅲ-V族化合物在Λ轴不同k值情况下的光学声子形变势d₃₀(Λ), d₁₀(Λ,val)和d₁₀(Λ,con)的第一原理计算结果。     

纤锌矿BeO掺Cd的电子结构与能带特性研究

采用基于密度泛函理论平面波赝势方法, 对纤锌矿BeO掺Cd的Be_1-xCd_xO合金进行电子结构与能带特性研究. 结果表明: Be_1-xCd_xO的价带顶始终由O 2p电子态决定, 而导带底由Be 2s和Cd 5s的电子态决定.随着Be_1-xCd_xO合金的Cd掺杂量增加, Cd 4d与O 2p的排斥效应逐渐加强, 同时Be_1-xCd_xO的带隙逐渐变小, 出现"直接-间接-直接"的带隙转变. 为了使理论值与实验值相一致, 对Be_1-xCd_xO带隙进行修正, 并分析了纤锌矿BeO-ZnO-CdO三元合金的带隙和弯曲系数与晶格常数的关系.     

碘与铯同位素高自旋带结构的区别

理论上指出由于在单粒子能级图上,扁椭球和长椭球的两侧均存在下降轨道,因此Z=52－56原子核会有低位的扁椭球转动带.最近对碘和铯同位素的高自旋带结构进行了仔细的实验研究,发现碘同位素中除有长椭球转动带外,确有质子h_11/2、g_7/2和d_5/2组态的扁椭球转动带.但是在铯同位素中,迄今都只发现长椭球转动带,而未发现扁椭球转动带.利用新调整过的Nilsson参数,进一步作了计算.结果表明,对于扁椭球形状,碘同位素的壳修正能及自洽对关联的绝对值均大于铯同位素的;而且碘同位素与铯同位素比较,带头扁椭球与长椭球能量差,也更有利于扁椭球形变.这一切结果均密切联系于单粒子能级图上存在一个扁椭球质子54能隙的事实.     

关于Pt偶同位素的h9/2质子对

本文对于Pt偶同位素中的h_9/2质子对的排列现象作了比较系统的计算和讨论.结果表明,如用改善的Nilsson参数κ、μ,给出的h_9/2的排列频率与νi_13/2排列频率的差值Δhω_c=hω_c(πh_9/2)－hω_c(νi_13/2)对于78¹⁸⁴Pt106核具有最小值,约为75keV.这和最近实验上确定的¹⁸⁴Pt核转晕带上出现的大的上弯现象,是由于νi_13/2和πh_9/2两个排列频率非常靠近的结果一致.而运用Nilsson的标准κ、μ则不能给出这一结果.这两个排列的先后次序仍是值得深入研究的问题.对于相邻Pt偶同位素的πh_9/2排列频率的理论预言,期待着实验数据的检验.     

Mg,Si和S同位素链的壳反常

采用考虑轴向形变的相对论平均场理论,以双中子、双质子分离能隙δ_2n/δ_2p作为壳封闭的特征,分析了Mg,Si和S同位素链的壳封闭和壳反常,发现Mg同位素链在N=12,16处,Si同位素链在N=14,S同位素链在N?=16处出现明显的壳封闭结构,Si同位素链在N=28处壳层结构并没有消失.Mg,Si和S同位素链在N=20处壳效应并不太明显.     

超核激发态的对称性分类

我们把维格纳处理超级多重态的方法,推广用来研究超核激发态的能谱。给出了近似不破坏SU₆=SU₃?SU₂分类的两体相互作用普遍形式,并利用现有的散射实验数据定出了其中的系数。导出了在SU₆分类下,计算能量矩阵元的公式。并以⁹_ΛBe^*,¹⁰_ΛBe^*和¹⁰_ΛΛBe^*为例,进行了具体计算。理论上计算的⁹_ΛBe^*的能量与实验定性符合。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.