2,6—二溴—4—甲基偶氮磺与铅显色反应的研究与应用

研究了2,6-二溴-4-甲基偶氮磺(DBM-SA)与铅的显色反应,在0.6mol/L H_3PO_4介质中,铅与DBM-SA发生灵敏的显色反应,生成稳定的蓝色配合物,其组成为Pb(Ⅱ):DBM-SA=1:2,最大吸收波长在642nm,表观摩尔吸光系数达9.2×10~4,铅的浓度在0～20μg/25mL之间服从比尔定律,可以允许大量的金属离子(除钙外)共存。进一步研究发现,结合KI-MIBK萃取法,可彻底消除钙对测定铅的影响,可用于各种环境样品中铅的分析。     

2-（5-溴-2-吡啶偶氮）-5-二甲氨基苯胺激光热透镜光谱法测定痕量铑的研究

基于铑(Ⅲ)与2-(5-溴-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二甲氨基苯胺(5-Br-PADMA)的高灵敏显色反应,建立了激光热透镜光谱法测定痕量铑的新方法。实验表明,在pH 3.6～6.0的HAc-NaAc缓冲介质中,Rh(Ⅲ)与5-Br-PADMA显色形成紫红色铑络合物;继续以1.2 mol/L HClO4酸化后,可转变为另一种具有较高吸收特性的绿蓝色质子化型体,其最大吸收波长位于612 nm处,与所用He-Ne激光器的输出激光波长(632.8 nm)能较好匹配。铑的质量浓度在5～140μg/L范围内与热透镜信号强度呈良好的线性关系,检出限(S/N=3)为1.1μg/L。该方法灵敏度高、选择性好,用于铑炭催化剂中痕量铑的测定,结果满意。     

新试剂5-甲基-2-[3-(4-苯基-2-噻唑基)三氮烯基]苯磺酸与阳离子表面活性剂显色反应的研究

研究了新试剂5-甲基-2-[3-(4-苯基-2-噻唑基)三氮烯基]苯磺酸(MPTTBSA)与阳离子表面活性剂溴化十六烷基三甲基铵(CTMAB)的显色反应,在pH 12.5的缓冲介质中,MPTTBS-CTMAB发生显色反应,形成紫红色离子缔合物,最大吸收波长5柏nm,MPTTBSA与CTMAB的缔舍比为1:1,其表观摩尔吸光系数为1.16×104 L·mol-1·cm-1,CTMAB浓度在0～1.0×10-4 mol/L范围内服从比尔定律.方法可直接用于水中微量CTMAB的测定.     

2-(3,5-二氯-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二甲氨基苯胺光度法同时测定铑与钯

建立了以2-(3,5-二氯-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二甲氨基苯胺(3,5-diCl-PADAM)作显色剂同时测定铑和钯的新方法. Rh(Ⅲ)与3,5-diCl-PADAM可在pH 4.0～5.2的弱酸性介质中定量反应, 铑配合物一旦形成则非常稳定, 加强酸酸化可转化为另一种质子化形体, 最大吸收波长红移至614 nm, 且灵敏度显著提高;而Pd(Ⅱ)与3,5-diCl-PADAM可直接在强酸性介质中发生显色反应, 其最大吸收波长位于616 nm, 同时二者的吸光度具有良好的加和性. 基于二者显色酸度的差异, 建立了铑、钯同时测定新方法, 方法的εRh614=1.40×105 L·mol-1·cm-1, εPd614=8.30×104 L·mol-1·cm-1. Rh、 Pd的质量浓度分别在0～0.72 mg/L和0～1.2 mg/L符合比尔定律. 所拟方法已用于矿样和催化剂中铑和钯的同时测定, 结果与AAS法相符.     

4-(5-硝基-2-吡啶偶氮)-1,3-二氨基苯与铑(Ⅲ)显色反应的研究及其应用

研究了新合成试剂4-(5-硝基-2-吡啶偶氮)-1,3-二氨基苯(5-NO2-PADAB)与铑(Ⅲ)的显色反应.结果表明,在pH 3.3～4.7的乙酸-乙酸钠缓冲介质中,5-NO2-PADAB与铑形成2∶1的紫红色络合物,其最大吸收波长位于524 nm.该络合物在1.2 mol/L HClO4介质中可质子化转变为另一种型体的紫蓝络合物,最大吸收波长红移至580 nm,其表观摩尔吸光系数提高至1.52×105 L·mol-1·cm-1,以EDTA为掩蔽剂,大量常见金属离子不干扰测定.铑含量在0～0.8 μg/mL内符合比尔定律.所拟方法可应用于催化剂中微量铑的测定.     

2-氨基-3-羟基吡啶-过氧化氢-辣根过氧化物酶伏安酶联免疫体系分析人血清癌胚抗原

以氮杂环化合物为电化学分析底物的2-氨基-3-羟基吡啶-H2O2-辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)伏安酶联免疫体系测定人血清癌胚抗原(CEA).HRP催化H2O2氧化2-氨基-3-羟基吡啶的酶促反应产物,在缓冲液中-0.36 V处产生一个灵敏的伏安还原峰,借助此峰可以测定游离的HRP,进而可用于以HRP为标记物的酶联免疫分析.对酶促反应条件和测定条件的优化反应条件为:以B-R缓冲液(pH 6.0)为反应介质,在10 mL总反应液中含有1.0 mL 0.2 mol/L B-R缓冲液、3.0 mL 8.0 mmol/L 2-氨基-3-羟基吡啶溶液以及1.5 mL 0.5 mmol/L H2O2溶液,反应温度37 ℃,反应时间30 min.最佳测定条件为:B-R缓冲液(pH 7.0)为支持电解质,在10 mL总测定溶液中含有5 mL上述总反应液、1.0 mL 0.2 mol/L B-R缓冲液.测定仪器条件:起始电位0.00 V,终止电位-0.80 V,电位扫描速度400 mV/s,滴汞静止时间7 s.在最佳的反应条件和测定条件下,新体系测定游离HRP的线性范围为4.0×10-4～1.0 μg/L; 对HRP的检出限为0.12 ng/L.新体系对CEA测定的线性范围为0.50～80.0 μg/L; 检出限为0.50 μg/L.为经典ELISA法的检出限的1/10.     

新试剂5-(5-碘-2-吡啶偶氮)-2,4-二氨基甲苯高选择性分光光度法测定微量Pd(Ⅱ)

研究了新试剂5-(5-碘-2-吡啶偶氮)-2,4-二氨基甲苯(5-I-PADAT)与Pd(Ⅱ)的显色反应。实验结果表明,在0.6～1.8mol/L高氯酸介质中,于室温下放置10min,Pd(Ⅱ)与5-I-PADAT可形成1∶1蓝紫色络合物,其最大吸收波长位于583nm,表观摩尔吸光系数ε为7.2×104L·mol-1·cm-1,Pd(Ⅱ)的浓度在0～1.0μg·mL-1符合比耳定律。由于反应直接在强酸性介质中进行,而在此酸度下,其它金属离子几乎不能反应,因此具有极高的选择性。所拟方法操作简单、快速,可应用于合金、矿样和分子筛中微量钯的测定。     

新显色剂2-[2-(6-甲基-苯并噻唑)偶氮]-5-二甲氨基苯磺酸与钯(Ⅱ)的分光光度研究及其应用

合成了新试剂2-[2-(6-甲基-苯并噻唑)偶氮]-5-二甲氨基苯磺酸,并研究了其与钯(Ⅱ)的显色反应。实验表明,该试剂与钯(Ⅱ)反应生成1:1蓝色水溶性络合物,在阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)存在下可稳定24h,其最大吸收波长为615nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为7.94×10~4L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1)。钯量在0～0。8μg/ml范围内符合比尔定律。本法是目前测定钯(Ⅱ)的高灵敏度显色反应之一,并具有良好的选择性。可不经预分离而直接测定催化剂中微量钯,回收率为97.00％～102.1％,结果令人满意。     

4-(5-氯-2-吡啶)-偶氮-1,3-二氨基苯显色光度法测定钯(Ⅱ)

研究了4-(5-氯-2-吡啶)-偶氮-1,3-二氨基苯(5-Cl-PADAB)与Pd的显色反应,在0.48 mol/L H3PO4介质和100℃水浴条件下,5-Cl-PADAB与Pd(Ⅱ)反应生成2:1稳定络合物,其最大吸收波长为570nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为6.39×104 L.mol-1.cm-1。结果表明:Pd含量在0～1.2 mg/L内符合比尔定律,方法已用于矿样中微量Pd的测定,结果与AAS法相符。样品分析结果的相对标准偏差小于4%,加标回收率为98.5%～103.0%。     

过氧化氢-2,4-二氯苯酚-4-氨基安替比林体系催化光度法测定血红细胞中的铁

基于在十二烷基硫酸钠存在下的弱碱性介质中Fe(Ⅲ)对H_2O_2氧化2,4-二氯苯酚(2,4-DCP)与4-氨基安替比林(4-AAP)偶联显色反应的催化作用,建立了检出限为7.90μg/L.线性范围为0～1.25mg/L的新催化光度分析法.方法用于血红细胞中铁的测定,相对标准偏差与回收率分别为2.6%与98.8%～101%,结果满意.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.