杆的离散系统的某些混合型振动反问题

研究杆的离散系统的混合型振动反问题,即由给定的部分频谱数据和部分模态数据构造一个杆的离散系统的刚度矩阵和质量矩阵.提出3个此类反问题,给出反问题的解法,讨论反问题的解的存在条件,给出相应的计算实例,并分析这类反问题的潜在价值.     

红外光学系统系列化方案

分析了红外光学系统品种随意发展带来的问题,研究提出了专用组件系列化发展的技术途径。选择适合的系列化的数学方法,分析了红外光学系统的应用特性及系列化的条件,研究提出了红外光学系统系列化的方案和型谱架构。     

Maps and inverse maps in open quantum dynamics

Two kinds of maps that describe evolution of states of a subsystem coming from dynamics described by a unitary operator for a larger system, maps defined for fixed mean values and maps defined for fixed correlations, are found to be quite different for the same unitary dynamics in the same situation in the larger system. An affine form is used for both kinds of maps to find necessary and sufficient conditions for inverse maps. All the different maps with the same homogeneous part in their affine forms have inverses if and only if the homogeneous part does. Some of these maps are completely positive; others are not, but the homogeneous part is always completely positive. The conditions for an inverse are the same for maps that are not completely positive as for maps that are. For maps defined for fixed mean values, the homogeneous part depends only on the unitary operator for the dynamics of the larger system, not on any state or mean values or correlations. Necessary and sufficient conditions for an inverse are stated several different ways: in terms of the maps of matrices, basis matrices, density matrices, or mean values. The inverse maps are generally not tied to the dynamics the way the maps forward are. A trace-preserving completely positive map that is unital cannot have an inverse that is obtained from any dynamics described by any unitary operator for any states of a larger system.     

Hydrodynamics and time correlation functions for cellular automata

Hydrodynamic excitations in lattice gas cellular automata are described in terms of equilibrium time correlation functions for the local conserved variables. For large space and time scales the linearized hydrodynamic equations are obtained to Navier-Stokes order. Exact expressions for the associated susceptibilities and transport coefficients are identified in terms of correlation functions. The general form of the time correlation functions for conserved densities in the hydrodynamic limit is given and illustrated by some examples suitable for comparison with computer simulation. The transport coefficients are related to time correlation functions for the conserved fluxes in a way analogous to the Green-Kubo expressions for continuous fluids. The general results are applied for a one-component fluid and several types of binary diffusion. Also discussed are the effects of unphysical slow modes such as staggered particle or momentum densities.     

Systematics of inner-shell photo-ionization X-ray lasers with constant pump rates

Population-rate equations are analytically solved for constant pump rates. Conditions for population inversions are developed for this simplified case. Numbers appropriate for inner-shell photo-ionization of magnesium and neon are used. These allow back-of-the envelope calculations for predicting lasing duration. Pump-rate thresholds are also given which permit lasing for the duration of the pumping. Blackbody-source temperatures associated with such pump rates are calculated. A method of using the solution of the small-signal population-rate equations to determine the saturated intensity when the lower lasing level has a decay channel is given. This method is applied to the case of constant pump rates. An analytic expression for the saturated intensity is developed for this case.     

Electronic Stopping Power for 0.05--10MeV Protons in a Group of Organic Materials

Electronic stopping powers for 0. 05-10 MeV protons in a group of organic materials are systematically calculated. The calculations are based on Ashley＇s dielectric model, and an evaluation approach of optical energy loss function is incorporated into Ashley＇s model because no experimental optical data are available for most of the organic materials under consideration. The Barkas-effect correction and Bloch correction are included. The proton stopping powers for the considered organic materials except for mylar in the energy range from 0.05 to 10 MeV are presented for the first time. The results may be useful for studies of various radiation effects in these materials and for space research.     

Ablation of Transparent Materials Using Excimer Lasers for Photonic Applications

For many years, the development of effective ablation or laser machining techniques for making micro-optical components has been the key factor in the birth of new photonic devices and systems. In this article, the ablation characteristics of two types of the most important transparent materials, transparent polymers and glasses, are studied. Simple shaped microcavities are first machined for studying the fundamental ablation parameters, including threshold fluence, effective absorption coefficient, and ablation rate. In studying polymer ablation, five standard grades and five proprietary polymeric compounds are selected. Ablation techniques using these transparent polymers for making arrayed ferrules and curved microlenses are presented. Applications of these ablated microstructures for optical fiber connectors, optical fiber coupling and alignment, and transparent chip encapsulants, are introduced and demonstrated with emphasis on the quality of the ablated profiles and dimensions to satisfy the required performance. In glass ablation, borosilicate glasses are considered and their associated ablation behaviors are studied. The procedures to ablate glass-based arrayed microstructures with flat and curved surfaces are described. The utilizations of these arrayed microstructures for optical waveguide, wave absorber, and beam guider, are specifically discussed. Finally, concluding remakes for future trends are presented.     

Nonlinear squeezed states for SU(1,1) Lie algebra

The nonlinear extensions of the single-mode squeezed vacuum and squeezed coherent states are studied. We have constructed the nonlinear squeezed states (NLSS's) realization of SU(1,1) Lie algebra. Two cases of this realization are considered for unitary and non-unitary deformation operator function. The nonlinear squeezed coherent states (NLSCS's) are defined and special cases of these states are obtained. Some nonclassical properties of these states are discussed. The s-parameterized characteristic function and various moments are calculated. The Glauber second-order coherence function is calculated. The squeezing properties of the NLSCS's are studied. Analytical and numerical results for the quadrature component distributions for the NLSCS's are presented. A generation scheme for NLSCS's using the trapped ions centre-of-mass motion approach is proposed.     

Contact theorems for rough interfaces

Contact theorems for rough surfaces are discussed. Simple relations for the average contact density are obtained for neutral and charged walls. When the walls are not planar there are new contributions proportional to the field gradients near the charged wall.     

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定铝合金中La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm

利用ICP—AES仪测定稀土铝合金中微量的La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm。试样用酸分解,直接上机测定,对光谱干扰情况和仪器参数的选择进行了研究。实验结果和推荐值核对相符。     

Generalized-barrier parameters for single-barrier structures and resonance width in asymmetrical double-barrier structures

Generalized-barrier parameters are studied theoretically for rectangular and trapezoidal single-barriers as well as parallel-plane ones, which are basic units for double-barrier and multiple-barrier structures. Analytical expressions for these parameters are derived by taking into account the position-dependent effective-mass effect. Furthermore, the expressions for the generalized-barrier parameters of optical single-layer thin film structures are considered and permit direct application of previous results to thin film interference filters also. The heights of resonant peaks and the resonance widths in asymmetrical double-barrier structures are studied as functions of the generalized-barrier parameters.     

功率GaAs MESFET小信号模型参数的提取（英）

采用非本征元件的参数作为本征元件参数函数的自变量的方法，求解MESFET小信号等效电路模型，并彩相对误差来构建目标函数。以FET在零偏置状态的非本征元件值作为初值，通过优化求得了热FET状态的本征元件值，S参数的计算值与实验值吻合得很好，S11的相对误差为0.09%,S12为1.1%,S21为0.08%，S22为 2.26%。该方法收敛快，精度高并且效率高，便于移植到微波器件CAD设计和模拟软件中。     

Cellular automaton fluids 1: Basic theory

Continuum equations are derived for the large-scale behavior of a class of cellular automaton models for fluids. The cellular automata are discrete analogues of molecular dynamics, in which particles with discrete velocities populate the links of a fixed array of sites. Kinetic equations for microscopic particle distributions are constructed. Hydrodynamic equations are then derived using the Chapman-Enskog expansion. Slightly modified Navier-Stokes equations are obtained in two and three dimensions with certain lattices. Viscosities and other transport coefficients are calculated using the Boltzmann transport equation approximation. Some corrections to the equations of motion for cellular automaton fluids beyond the Navier-Stokes order are given.     

Bio-inspired optimization algorithms for optical parameter extraction of dielectric materials: A comparative study

Particle swarm optimization(PSO) and invasive weed optimization(IWO) algorithms are used for extracting the modeling parameters of materials useful for optics and photonics research community. These two bio-inspired algorithms are used here for the first time in this particular field to the best of our knowledge. The algorithms are used for modeling graphene oxide and the performances of the two are compared. Two objective functions are used for different boundary values. Root mean square(RMS) deviation is determined and compared.     

Relativistic Distorted-Wave Collision Strengths of Ni-, Cu- and Zn-like Au Ions

Excitation energies and electron impact excitation strengths from the ground states of Ni-, Cu- and Zn-like Au ions are calculated. The collision strengths are computed by a 213-levels expansion for the Ni-like Au ion, 405- levels expansion for the Cu-like Au ion and 229-levels expansion for the Zn-like Au ion. Configuration interactions are taken into account for all levels included. The target state wavefunctions are calculated by using the Grasp92 code. The continuum orbits are computed in the distorted-wave approximation, in which the direct and exchange potentials among all the electrons are included. Excellent agreement is found when the results are compared with previous calculations and recent measurements.     

Radar cross sections of a random medium layer

Analytic expressions are derived for the normalized radar cross sections (NRCS) of a random medium layer. These are calculated from the first-order solutions for diffuse intensities which are based on a multiple-scattering wave theoretical analysis. The permittivity fluctuations are assumed to be small and to obey stationary Gaussian statistics. On studying the expressions for the NRCS, some of their characteristics are pointed out. Three different correlation functions are considered and expressions for the coherent propagation constants are provided. Numerical examples are used to verify theoretical results and highlight some interesting characteristics of NRCS.     

现代信息安全与混沌保密通信应用研究的进展

本文首先概述现代保密通信及网络信息安全的主要概念和发展状况，对迄今发展的几种现代著名密码算法进行分析比较；然后综述国际上已经提出的一些典型的混沌保密通信方案及其应用研究的新发展。从通信角度，为了向实用化方向发展，我们将混沌通信研究中常用的混沌遮掩、混沌开关、混沌调制三种主要技术方案，按照实际应用需要，重新把它们分类为三种主要形式，即模-模通信、模-数-模通信和数-数通信，这样便于实际应用，易于借鉴已有知识分析各类通信的性能优劣。在评述性分析了当前国际上三种混沌保密通信方式的典型方案及其进展后，最后简要总结混沌保密通信的一些关键技术，指出今后值得研究的方向，并展望了混沌通信的应用前景。     

Kinetic theory of hard spheres

Kinetic equations for the hard-sphere system are derived by diagrammatic techniques. A linear equation is obtained for the one-particle-one particle equilibrium time correlation function and a nonlinear equation for the one-particle distribution function in nonequilibrium. Both equations are nonlocal, noninstantaneous, and extremely complicated. They are valid for general density, since statistical correlations are taken into account systematically. This method derives several known and new results from a unified point of view. Simple approximations lead to the Boltzmann equation for low densities and to a modified form of the Enskog equation for higher densities.     

Theory of infra-red and optical spectra of antiferromagnets

The contributions of magnons to the optical properties of antiferromagnets having the rutile structure are discussed. The properties considered are electric-dipole active two-magnon absorption in the infra-red, and magnon sidebands on sharp-line exciton transitions in the visible. The discussion is based on a thorough treatment of the properties of excitons and magnons in the antiferromagnetically ordered state. The site-group and space-group symmetries of the magnetic excitations are derived and the selection rules for electric and magnetic dipole transitions are determined. The occurrence of magnetic Davydov splittings of the excitons is investigated, and their symmetry properties throughout the Brillouin zone are derived. The functional dependences of exciton energy on wave vector are calculated. Applications of the theory are made to experimental results on excitons and magnons in MnF₂, FeF₂ and CoF₂.

The possible mechanisms for two-magnon and magnon-sideband absorption are discussed, and the influence of crystal symmetry on these mechanisms is described. The two-magnon state responsible for electric-dipole absorption is identified and selection rules for electric-dipole activity are presented. A spin Hamiltonian for the two-magnon process is set up and used to derive expressions for absorption coefficients for electric vector parallel and perpendicular to the crystal c-axis. Comparison with experiment for MnF₂ yields numerical values for the parameters of the basic coupling mechanism. The exciton-magnon states which give rise to magnon-sideband absorption are explicitly constructed and electric-dipole selection rules are derived for all possible types of sideband. Spin Hamiltonians for the various magnonsideband absorption processes are presented and used to derive expressions for sideband shapes. The results are applied to the experimental spectra for MnF₂ and FeF₂ and the sideband shapes in MnF₂ are calculated numerically. The sideband shapes observable in emission spectra are also briefly discussed.