On the theory of convolution equations of the third kind, II

Existence results of Part I of the paper are generalized to two types of autoconvolution equations of the third kind having free terms with nonzero values at x=0 like the well-known Bernstein-Doetsch equation for the Jacobian theta zero functions. Also uniqueness results for the linear convolution equations in Part I of the paper are extended to more general function spaces. Further, a special class of integro-differential equations with autoconvolution integral and two classes of the linear singular Abel-Volterra equations are dealt with.     

Autoconvolution equations of the third kind with power-logarithmic coefficients

Existence and uniqueness theorems for a basic class of autoconvolution equations of the third kind with power-logarithmic coefficeint and free term are derived. Under suitable assumptions the existence of a solitary solution and of a one-parametric family of solutions is proved.     

A remark on the application of interpolatory quadrature rules to the numerical solution of singular integral equations

A Cauchy type singular integral equation of the first or the second kind can be numerically solved either directly or after its reduction (by the usual regularization procedure) to an equivalent Fredholm integral equation of the second kind. The equivalence of these two methods (that is, the equivalence both of the systems of linear algebraic equations to which the singular integral equation is reduced and of the natural interpolation formulae) is proved in this paper for a class of Cauchy type singular integral equations of the first kind and of the second kind (but with constant coefficients) for general interpolatory quadrature rules under sufficiently mild assumptions. The present results constitute an extension of a series of previous results concerning only Gaussian quadrature rules, based on the corresponding orthogonal polynomials and their properties.     

Modified equations of the first kind for the Helmholtz equation

Integral equations of the first kind for exterior problems arising in the study of the three‐dimensional Helmholtz equation are considered. These equations are derived by seeking solutions in the form of layer potentials with modified fundamental solutions. For each first kind equation, existence and uniqueness of solution are proved with the aid of composition relations involving associated modified boundary integral operators. For the Dirichlet problem, an optimal choice of the modification coefficients is considered in order to minimize the condition number of the resulting integral operator. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A Nyström method for a class of Fredholm integral equations of the third kind on unbounded domains

The author proposes a numerical procedure in order to approximate the solution of a class of Fredholm integral equations of the third kind on unbounded domains. The given equation is transformed in a Fredholm integral equation of the second kind. Hence, according to the integration interval, the equation is regularized by means of a suitable one-to-one map or is transformed in a system of two Fredholm integral equations that are subsequently regularized. In both cases a Nyström method is applied, the convergence and the stability of which are proved in spaces of weighted continuous functions. Error estimates and numerical tests are also included.     

The Three-Dimensional Problem of Statics of the Elastic Mixture Theory with Displacements Given on the Boundary

The first three-dimensional boundary value problem is considered for the basic equations of statics of the elastic mixture theory in the finite and infinite domains bounded by the closed surfaces. It is proved that this problem splits into two problems whose investigation is reduced to the first boundary value problem for an elliptic equation which structurally coincides with an equation of statics of an isotropic elastic body. Using the potential method and the theory of Fredholm integral equations of second kind, the existence and uniqueness of the solution of the first boundary value problem is proved for the split equation.     

一类变系数线性微分方程及其解

根据常系数线性微分方程的求解原理,通过一个适当变换,研究了一类变系数线性微分方程及其解的问题,从而可以得到这类方程在特征根都是互异单根时的解法和通解,并对三阶方程的各种情况进行了较为详尽的讨论.     

Some non-local problems for the parabolic-hyperbolic type equation with non-characteristic line of changing type

In this work two non-local problems for the parabolic-hyperbolic type equation with non-characteristic line of changing type are considered. Unique solvability of these problems is proven. The uniqueness of the solution is proven by the method of energy integrals and the existence is proven by the method of integral equations.     

MULTILEVEL AUGMENTATION METHODS FOR SOLVING OPERATOR EQUATIONS

We introduce multilevel augmentation methods for solving operator equations based on direct sum decompositions of the range space of the operator and the solution space of the operator equation and a matrix splitting scheme. We establish a general setting for the analysis of these methods, showing that the methods yield approximate solutions of the same convergence order as the best approximation from the subspace. These augmentation methods allow us to develop fast, accurate and stable nonconventional numerical algorithms for solving operator equations. In particular, for second kind equations, special splitting techniques are proposed to develop such algorithms. These algorithms are then applied to solve the linear systems resulting from matrix compression schemes using wavelet-like functions for solving Fredholm integral equations of the second kind. For this special case, a complete analysis for computational complexity and convergence order is presented. Numerical examples are included to demonstra     

Second-order hyperbolic s.p.d.e.'s driven by homogeneous Gaussian noise on a hyperplane

We study a class of hyperbolic stochastic partial differential equations in Euclidean space, that includes the wave equation and the telegraph equation, driven by Gaussian noise concentrated on a hyperplane. The noise is assumed to be white in time but spatially homogeneous within the hyperplane. Two natural notions of solutions are function-valued solutions and random field solutions. For the linear form of the equations, we identify the necessary and sufficient condition on the spectral measure of the spatial covariance for existence of each type of solution, and it turns out that the conditions differ. In spatial dimensions 2 and 3, under the condition for existence of a random field solution to the linear form of the equation, we prove existence and uniqueness of a random field solution to non-linear forms of the equation.

     

On the solution of a mixed nonlinear integral equation

In this paper, we consider a mixed nonlinear integral equation of the second kind in position and time. The existence of a unique solution of this equation is discussed and proved. A numerical method is used to obtain a system of Harmmerstein integral equations of the second kind in position. Then the modified Toeplitz matrix method, as a numerical method, is used to obtain a nonlinear algebraic system. Many important theorems related to the existence and uniqueness solution to the produced nonlinear algebraic system are derived. The rate of convergence of the total error is discussed. Finally, numerical examples when the kernel of position takes a logarithmic and Carleman forms, are presented and the error estimate, in each case, is calculated.     

Linear Stieltjes equation with generalized riemann integral and existence of regulated solutions

1. IntroductiollIn the last two decades the memann generalized integral, having values in B-spaces,has been increasingly studied.The development in this area mainly concerns the HenstoCk-Kurzweil (see e.g. I1, 2]),and the Dushnik and the Young integrals (see e.g. I3]). Recently there appeared in the1iterature many proper app1ications in this field ("proper" here being considered in thesense that the results are not disguises of an essentially finite dimensional frame) (see e.g.[4, 5]).In t…     

An algorithm based on the regularization and integral mean value methods for the Fredholm integral equations of the first kind

In this paper, an algorithm based on the regularization and integral mean value methods, to handle the ill-posed multi-dimensional Fredholm equations, is introduced. The application of this algorithm is based on the transforming the first kind equation to a second kind equation by the regularization method. Then, by converting the first kind to a second kind, the integral mean value method is employed to handle the resulting Fredholm integral equations of the second kind. The efficiency of the approach will be shown by applying the procedure on some examples.     

Multi-dimensional reflected backward stochastic differential equations and the comparison theorem

In this article, we study the multi-dimensional reflected backward stochastic differential equations. The existence and uniqueness result of the solution for this kind of equation is proved by the fixed point argument where every element of the solution is forced to stay above the given stochastic process, i.e., multi-dimensional obstacle, respectively. We also give a kind of multi-dimensional comparison theorem for the reflected BSDE and then use it as the tool to prove an existence result for the multi-dimensional reflected BSDE where the coefficient is continuous and has linear growth.     

Solutions to systems of linear Fredholm integral equations of the third kind with multipoint singularities

A new approach is used to show that the solution for one class of systems of linear Fredholm integral equations of the third kind with multipoint singularities is equivalent to the solution of systems of linear Fredholm integral equations of the second kind with additional conditions. The existence, nonexistence, uniqueness, and nonuniqueness of solutions to systems of linear Fredholm integral equations of the third kind with multipoint singularities are analyzed.     

Numerical solution of boundary integral equations by means of attenuation factors

We consider first-kind boundary integral equations with logarithmickernel such as those arising from solving Dirichlet problemsfor the Laplace equation by means of single-layer potentials.The first-kind equations are transformed into equivalent equationsof the second kind which contain the conjugation operator andwhich are then solved with a degenerate-kernel method basedon Fourier analysis and attenuation factors. The approximationswe consider, among them spline interpolants, are linear andtranslation invariant. In view of the particularly small kernel,the linear systems resulting from the discretization can besolved directly by fixed-point iteration.     

Application of Wiener-Hopf technique to linear nonhomogeneous integral equations for a new representation of Chandrasekhar's H-function in radiative transfer, its existence and uniqueness

In this paper, the linear nonhomogeneous integral equation of H-functions is considered to find a new form of H-function as its solution. The Wiener-Hopf technique is used to express a known function into two functions with different zones of analyticity. The linear nonhomogeneous integral equation is thereafter expressed into two different sets of functions having the different zones of regularity. The modified form of Liouville's theorem is thereafter used, Cauchy's integral formulae are used to determine functional representation over the cut region in a complex plane. The new form of H-function is derived both for conservative and nonconservative cases. The existence of solution of linear nonhomogeneous integral equations and its uniqueness are shown. For numerical calculation of this new H-function, a set of useful formulae are derived both for conservative and nonconservative cases.     

Existence and approximation of nonlocal optimal design problems driven by parabolic equations

This work is a follow‐up to a series of articles by the authors where the same topic for the elliptic case is analyzed. In this article, a class of nonlocal optimal design problem driven by parabolic equations is examined. After a review of results concerning existence and uniqueness for the state equation, a detailed formulation of the nonlocal optimal design is given. The state equation is of nonlocal parabolic type, and the associated cost functional belongs to a broad class of nonlocal integrals. In the first part of the work, a general result on the existence of nonlocal optimal design is proved. The second part is devoted to analyzing the convergence of nonlocal optimal design problems toward the corresponding classical problem of optimal design. After a slight modification of the problem, either on the cost functional or by considering a new set of admissibility, the G‐convergence for the state equation and, consequently, the convergence of the nonlocal optimal design problem are proved.     

A random integral quadrature method for numerical analysis of the second kind of Volterra integral equations

In this paper, a novel meshless technique termed the random integral quadrature (RIQ) method is developed for the numerical solution of the second kind of the Volterra integral equations. The RIQ method is based on the generalized integral quadrature (GIQ) technique, and associated with the Kriging interpolation function, such that it is regarded as an extension of the GIQ technique. In the GIQ method, the regular computational domain is required, in which the field nodes are scattered along straight lines. In the RIQ method however, the field nodes can be distributed either uniformly or randomly. This is achieved by discretizing the governing integral equation with the GIQ method over a set of virtual nodes that lies along straight lines, and then interpolating the function values at the virtual nodes over all the field nodes which are scattered either randomly or uniformly. In such a way, the governing integral equation is converted approximately into a system of linear algebraic equations, which can be easily solved.     

The Far-Field Equations in Linear Elasticity for Disconnected Rigid Bodies and Cavities

In this paper the far-field equations in linear elasticity for scattering from disjoint rigid bodies and cavities are considered. The direct scattering problem is formulated in differential and integral form. The boundary integral equations are constructed using a combination of single- and double-layer potentials. Using a Fredholm type theory it is proved that these boundary integral equations are uniquely solvable. Assuming that the incident field is produced by a superposition of plane incident waves in all directions of propagation and polarization it is established that the scattered field is also expressed as the superposition of the corresponding scattered fields. A pair of integral equations of the first kind which hold independently of the boundary conditions are constructed for the far-field region. The properties of the Herglotz functions are used to derive solvability conditions for the far-field equations. It is also proved that the far-field operators, in terms of which we can express the far-field equations, are injective and have dense range. An analytical example for spheres illuminates the theoretical results.