Systems of equilibrium problems with applications to new variants of Ekeland’s variational principle,fixed point theorems and parametric optimization problems

In this paper, we first establish some existence theorems of systems of generalized vector equilibrium problems. From these results, we obtain new variants of Ekeland’s variational principle in a Hausdorff t.v.s., a minimax theorem and minimization theorems. Some applications to the existence theorem of systems of semi-infinite problem, a variant of flower petal theorem and a generalization of Schauder’s fixed point theorem are also given.     

Very Colorful Theorems

We prove several colorful generalizations of classical theorems in discrete geometry. Moreover, the colorful generalization of Kirchberger’s theorem gives a generalization of the theorem of Tverberg on non-separated partitions.     

Generalized Kneser coloring theorems with combinatorial proofs

The Kneser conjecture (1955) was proved by Lovász (1978) using the Borsuk-Ulam theorem; all subsequent proofs, extensions and generalizations also relied on Algebraic Topology results, namely the Borsuk-Ulam theorem and its extensions. Only in 2000, Matoušek provided the first combinatorial proof of the Kneser conjecture. Here we provide a hypergraph coloring theorem, with a combinatorial proof, which has as special cases the Kneser conjecture as well as its extensions and generalization by (hyper)graph coloring theorems of Dol’nikov, Alon-Frankl-Lovász, Sarkaria, and Kriz. We also give a combinatorial proof of Schrijver’s theorem. Oblatum 17-IV-2001 & 12-IX-2001?Published online: 19 November 2001 An erratum to this article is available at .     

Tolerance in Helly-Type Theorems

In this paper we introduce the notion of tolerance in connection with Helly-type theorems and prove, using the Erdős–Gallai theorem, that any Helly-type theorem can be generalized by relaxing the assumptions and conclusion, allowing a bounded number of exceptional sets or points. In particular, we analyze some of the classical Helly-type theorems, such as Caratheodory’s and Tverberg’s theorems, as well as some other interesting ones.     

Extremal problems,partition theorems,symmetric hypergraphs

We compare extremal theorems such as Turán’s theorem with their corresponding partition theorems such as Ramsey’s theorem. We derive a general inequality involving chromatic number and independence number of symmetric hypergraphs. We give applications to Ramsey numbers and to van der Waerden numbers.     

On some generalizations of Ekeland��s principle and inward contractions in gauge spaces

We give generalizations in complete gauge spaces of the following results: Bishop-Phelps’ theorem, Ekeland’s variational principle, Caristi’s fixed point theorem, the drop theorem and the flower petal theorem. We show that our generalizations are equivalent. We apply those results to obtain fixed point theorems for multivalued contractions defined on a closed subset of a complete gauge space and satisfying a generalized inwardness condition.     

Characterizations of Noncommutative H ∞

We transfer a large part of the circle of theorems characterizing the generalization of classical H^∞ known as ‘weak* Dirichlet algebras’, to Arveson’s very general noncommutative setting of subalgebras of finite von Neumann algebras. This solves the long-standing open question of the equivalence of principles such as Szeg?’s theorem, the weak* density of A + A*, and so on, within the noncommutative setting. The techniques should also be useful in future developments in noncommutative H^p theory.     

Uncertainty principles for the weinstein transform

The Weinstein transform satisfies some uncertainty principles similar to the Euclidean Fourier transform. A generalization and a variant of Cowling-Price theorem, Miyachi’s theorem, Beurling’s theorem, and Donoho-Stark’s uncertainty principle are obtained for the Weinstein transform.     

On estimates for integral solutions of linear inequalities

Recently, Bombieri and Vaaler obtained an interesting adelic formulation of the first and the second theorems of Minkowski in the Geometry of Numbers and derived an effective formulation of the well-known “Siegel’s lemma” on the size of integral solutions of linear equations. In a similar context involving linearinequalities, this paper is concerned with an analogue of a theorem of Khintchine on integral solutions for inequalities arising from systems of linear forms and also with an analogue of a Kronecker-type theorem with regard to euclidean frames of integral vectors. The proof of the former theorem invokes Bombieri-Vaaler’s adelic formulation of Minkowski’s theorem.     

Modifications of the Ricci tensor and applications

By using two modified Ricci tensors, we prove some theorems which correspond to Myers’s diameter estimate theorem and Bochner’s vanishing theorem.     

Circle geometry in affine Cayley-Klein planes

Some theorems from inversive and Euclidean circle geometry are extended to all affine Cayley-Klein planes. In particular, we obtain an analogue to the first step of Clifford’s chain of theorems, a statement related to Napoleon’s theorem, extensions of Wood’s theorem on similar-perspective triangles and of the known fact that the three radical axes of three given circles are parallel or have a point in common. For proving these statements, we use generalized complex numbers. Supported by a grant D01-761/24.10.06 from the Ministry of Education and Sciences, and by a grant 108/2007 from Sofia University.     

Notes on L-/M-convex functions and the separation theorems

The concepts of L-convex function and M-convex function have recently been introduced by Murota as generalizations of submodular function and base polyhedron, respectively, and discrete separation theorems are established for L-convex/concave functions and for M-convex/concave functions as generalizations of Frank’s discrete separation theorem for submodular/supermodular set functions and Edmonds’ matroid intersection theorem. This paper shows the equivalence between Murota’s L-convex functions and Favati and Tardella’s submodular integrally convex functions, and also gives alternative proofs of the separation theorems that provide a geometric insight by relating them to the ordinary separation theorem in convex analysis. Received: November 27, 1997 / Accepted: December 16, 1999?Published online May 12, 2000     

On Ha＇s Version of Set-valued Ekeland＇s Variational Principle

By using the concept of cone extensions and Dancs-Hegedus-Medvegyev theorem, Ha [Some variants of the Ekeland variational principle for a set-valued map. J. Optim. Theory Appl., 124, 187–206 (2005)] established a new version of Ekeland’s variational principle for set-valued maps, which is expressed by the existence of strict approximate minimizer for a set-valued optimization problem. In this paper, we give an improvement of Ha’s version of set-valued Ekeland’s variational principle. Our proof is direct and it need not use Dancs-Hegedus-Medvegyev theorem. From the improved Ha’s version, we deduce a Caristi-Kirk’s fixed point theorem and a Takahashi’s nonconvex minimization theorem for set-valued maps. Moreover, we prove that the above three theorems are equivalent to each other.     

Beurling algebra analogues of the classical theorems of Wiener and Lévy on absolutely convergent fourier series

Letf be a continuous function on the unit circle Γ, whose Fourier series is ω-absolutely convergent for some weight ω on the set of integersZ. If f is nowhere vanishing on Γ, then there exists a weightv onZ such that 1/f hadv-absolutely convergent Fourier series. This includes Wiener’s classical theorem. As a corollary, it follows that if φ is holomorphic on a neighbourhood of the range off, then there exists a weight Χ on Z such that φ ◯f has Χ-absolutely convergent Fourier series. This is a weighted analogue of Lévy’s generalization of Wiener’s theorem. In the theorems,v and Χ are non-constant if and only if ω is non-constant. In general, the results fail ifv or Χ is required to be the same weight ω.     

Extreme properties of quermassintegrals of convex bodies

In this paper, we establish two theorems for the quermassintegrals of convex bodies, which are the generalizations of the well-known Aleksandrov’ s projection theorem and Loomis-Whitney’ s inequality, respectively. Applying these two theorems, we obtain a number of inequalities for the volumes of projections of convex bodies. Besides, we introduce the concept of the perturbation element of a convex body, and prove an extreme property of it.     

Rigid geometric structures,isometric actions,and algebraic quotients

By using a Borel density theorem for algebraic quotients, we prove a theorem concerning isometric actions of a Lie group G on a smooth or analytic manifold M with a rigid A-structure σ. It generalizes Gromov’s centralizer and representation theorems to the case where R(G) is split solvable and G/R(G) has no compact factors, strengthens a special case of Gromov’s open dense orbit theorem, and implies that for smooth M and simple G, if Gromov’s representation theorem does not hold, then the local Killing fields on [(M)\tilde]{\widetilde{M}} are highly non-extendable. As applications of the generalized centralizer and representation theorems, we prove (1) a structural property of Iso(M) for simply connected compact analytic M with unimodular σ, (2) three results illustrating the phenomenon that if G is split solvable and large then π ₁(M) is also large, and (3) two fixed point theorems for split solvable G and compact analytic M with non-unimodular σ.     

Mechanical theorem proving in differential geometry

An automated reasoning method, based on Wu’s method and calculus of differential forms, is proposed for mechanical theorem proving in local theory of space surfaces in differential geometry. The method has been used to simplify one of Chem’s theorems: “The non-trivial families of isometric surfaces having the same principal curvatures are W-surfaces.” Some other theorems are also tested by this method. The proofs are generally simpler than those in differential geometry textbooks. Project supported partially by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.     

Oriented matroids and Ky Fan’s theorem

L. Lovász (Matroids and Sperner’s Lemma, Europ. J. Comb. 1 (1980), 65–66) has shown that Sperner’s combinatorial lemma admits a generalization involving a matroid defined on the set of vertices of the associated triangulation. We prove that Ky Fan’s theorem admits an oriented matroid generalization of similar nature. Classical Ky Fan’s theorem is obtained as a corollary if the underlying oriented matroid is chosen to be the alternating matroid C ^m,r .     

On zeros of Hecke <Emphasis Type="Italic">L</Emphasis>-functions and their linear combinations on the critical line

In this paper two theorems were obtained. In the first theorem it is proved that a positive proportion of non-trivial zeros lie on the critical line for L-functions attached to automorphic cusp forms for congruence-subgroups. Therefore, the class of functions satisfying a variant of Selberg’s theorem was extended. In the second theorem a new lower bound was obtained for the number of zeros of linear combinations of Hecke L-functions on the intervals of the critical line. This theorem essentially improves the previously known S.A. Gritsenko’s result of 1997.     

Cancellation in entropic algebras

We describe the equational theory of the class of cancellative entropic algebras of a fixed type. We prove that a cancellative entropic algebra embeds into an entropic polyquasigroup, a natural generalization of a quasigroup. In fact our results are even more general and some corollaries hold also for non-entropic algebras. For instance an algebra with a binary cancellative term operation, which is a homomorphism, is quasi-affine. This gives a strengthening of K. Kearnes’ theorem. Our results generalize theorems obtained earlier by M. Sholander and by J. Ježek and T. Kepka in the case of groupoids. The work on this paper was conducted within the framework of INTAS project no. 03 51 4110 “Universal algebra and lattice theory”. The author was also supported by the Statutory Grant of Warsaw University of Technology no. 504G11200013000.