System of Generalized Vector Quasi-Equilibrium Problems in Locally FC-Spaces

A new class of locally finite continuous topological spaces （for short, locally FC-spaces） and a class of system of generalized vector quasi-equilibrium problems are introduced. By applying a generalized Himmelberg type fixed point theorem for a set-valued mapping with KKM-property due to the author, a collectively fixed point and an equilibrium existence theorem of generalized game are first proved in locally FC-spaces. By applying our equilibrium existence theorem of generalized game, some new existence theorems of equilibrium points for the system of generalized vector quasi-equilibrium problems are proved in locally FC-spaces. These theorems improve, unify and generalize many known results in the literatures.     

Auxiliary Principle and Iterative Algorithms for Lions-Stampacchia Variational Inequalities

In this paper, we extend the auxiliary principle (Cohen in J. Optim. Theory Appl. 49:325–333, 1988) to study a class of Lions-Stampacchia variational inequalities in Hilbert spaces. Our method consists in approximating, in the subproblems, the nonsmooth convex function by a sequence of piecewise linear and convex functions, as in the bundle method for nonsmooth optimization. This makes the subproblems more tractable. We show the existence of a solution for this Lions-Stampacchia variational inequality and explain how to build a new iterative scheme and a new stopping criterion. This iterative scheme and criterion are different from those commonly used in the special case of nonsmooth optimization. We study also the convergence of iterative sequences generated by the algorithm. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10671135), the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (20060610005), the National Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Education Department of China (07ZB068) and the Open Fund (PLN0703) of State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation (Southwest Petroleum University).     

Locally Desarguesian spaces

In Riemannian spaces, locally Desarguesian spaces have constant curvature and are therefore locally symmetric. This does not hold for Finsler spaces, so that locally Desarguesian spaces represent a generalization other than the obvious one we studied previously of (certain) Riemannian symmetric spaces. In this paper we discuss them in detail; as an example of the results obtained we mention that a simply connected locally Desarguesian space without conjugate points is globally Desarguesian. Applications are then given to spaces which are locally symmetric in a wider sense. We also study (and in Minkowski spaces determine exactly) the properties of functions which measure the distance of a point from those on a line.     

Maximal Element Theorems with Applications to Generalized Games and Systems of Generalized Vector Quasi-Equilibrium Problems in <Emphasis Type="Italic">G</Emphasis>-Convex Spaces

By applying the maximal element theorems on product of G-convex spaces due to the first author, some equilibrium existence theorems for generalized games with fuzzy constraint correspondences are proved in G-convex spaces. As applications, some existence theorems of solutions for the system of generalized vector quasiequilibrium problem are established in noncompact product of G-convex spaces. Our results improve and generalize some recent results in the literature to product of G-convex spaces.The authors thank the referees for valuable comments and suggestionsThe research of this author was supported by the National Science Foundation of China, Sichuan Education Department.The research of this author was supported by the National Science Council of the Republic of China.     

Generalized weighted Sobolev spaces and applications to Sobolev orthogonal polynomials II

We present a definition of general Sobolev spaces with respect to arbitrary measures, Wh,p (Ω,μ) for 1 ≤p≤∞. In [RARP] we proved that these spaces are complete under very light conditions. Now we prove that if we consider certain general types of measures, then Cc∞ (R) is dense in thee spaces. As an application to Sobolev orthogonal polynomials, we study the boundedness of the multiplication operator. This gives an estimation of the zeroes of Sobolev orthogonal polynomials.     

Convergence in distribution of random metric measure spaces (Λ-coalescent measure trees)

We consider the space of complete and separable metric spaces which are equipped with a probability measure. A notion of convergence is given based on the philosophy that a sequence of metric measure spaces converges if and only if all finite subspaces sampled from these spaces converge. This topology is metrized following Gromov’s idea of embedding two metric spaces isometrically into a common metric space combined with the Prohorov metric between probability measures on a fixed metric space. We show that for this topology convergence in distribution follows—provided the sequence is tight—from convergence of all randomly sampled finite subspaces. We give a characterization of tightness based on quantities which are reasonably easy to calculate. Subspaces of particular interest are the space of real trees and of ultra-metric spaces equipped with a probability measure. As an example we characterize convergence in distribution for the (ultra-)metric measure spaces given by the random genealogies of the Λ-coalescents. We show that the Λ-coalescent defines an infinite (random) metric measure space if and only if the so-called “dust-free”-property holds.     

Point-wise Multipliers of Herz-type Besov Spaces and Their Applications

In this paper, the point-wise multipliers for the Herz-type Besov spaces are obtained, and the pseudo-differential operators are proved to be bounded in the Herz-type Besov spaces by using the point-wise multipliers. This paper was selected from Math. Appl., 2004, 17(1), 115–121     

Description of the interpolation spaces for a pair of local Morrey-type spaces and their generalizations

The real interpolation method is considered and it is proved that for general local Morrey-type spaces, in the case in which they have the same integrability parameter, the interpolation spaces are again general local Morrey-type spaces with appropriately chosen parameters. This result is a particular case of the interpolation theorem for much more general spaces defined with the help of an operator acting from some function space to the cone of nonnegative nondecreasing functions on (0, ∞). It is also shown how the classical interpolation theorems due to Stein-Weiss, Peetre, Calderón, Gilbert, Lizorkin, Freitag and some of their new variants can be derived from this theorem.     

Implications of large-cardinal principles in homotopical localization

The existence of arbitrary cohomological localizations on the homotopy category of spaces has remained unproved since Bousfield settled the same problem for homology theories in the decade of 1970. This is related with another open question, namely whether or not every homotopy idempotent functor on spaces is an f-localization for some map f. We prove that both questions have an affirmative answer assuming the validity of a suitable large-cardinal axiom from set theory (Vopěnka's principle). We also show that it is impossible to prove that all homotopy idempotent functors are f-localizations using the ordinary ZFC axioms of set theory (Zermelo-Fraenkel axioms with the axiom of choice), since a counterexample can be displayed under the assumption that all cardinals are nonmeasurable, which is consistent with ZFC.     

Gap Functions and Existence of Solutions for a System of Vector Equilibrium Problems

In this paper, a gap function for a system of vector equilibrium problems is introduced and studied. Some necessary and sufficient conditions for the system of vector equilibrium problems are established. Characterizations of the solutions set for the system of vector equilibrium problems are also derived. Furthermore, some existence results of solutions for the system of vector equilibrium problems are proved. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Youth Foundation, Sichuan Education Department of China, the National Natural Science Foundation, Sichuan Education Department of China (2004C018), and a grant from the National Science Council of ROC.     

Shift Generated Haar Spaces on Compact Domains in the Complex Plane

Haar spaces are certain finite-dimensional subspaces of $\cc(K)$, where $K$ is a compact set and $\cc(K)$ is the Banach space of continuous functions defined on $K$ having values in $\C$. We characterize those Haar spaces which are generated by shifts applied to a single, analytic function for $K\subset\C$. This means that an arbitrary finite number of shifts generates Haar spaces by forming linear hulls. We have to distinguish two cases: (a) $K\not=\overline{K^\circ}$; (b) $K=\overline{K^\circ}$. It turns out that, in case (a), an analytic Haar space generator for dimensions one and two is already a universal Haar space generator for all dimensions. The geometrically simplest case that, in case (b), $K$ is convex with smooth boundary turns out to be the most difficult case. There is one numerical example in which the entire function $f:=1/\Gamma$ is interpolated in a shift generated Haar space of dimension four.     

Spectrum of operators in ideal spaces

One considers “weighted translation” operators in ideal Banach spaces. It is proved that if the translation is aperiodic (the set of periodic points has measure zero), then the spectrum of such an operator is rotationinvariant. This result can be extended (under certain additional restrictions) to “weighted translation” operators acting in regular subspaces of ideal spaces, in particular, to operators in Hardy spaces. In this note we prove the rotation-invariance of the spectrum of aperiodic operators of “weighted translation” in ideal spaces and uniform B-algebras. Translated from Zapiski Nauchnykh Seminarov Leningradskogo Otdeleniya Matematicheskogo Instituta im. V. A. Steklova AN SSSR, Vol. 65, pp. 196–198, 1976.     

A Note on Sobolev Spaces

In the theory of averaging and other branches of mathematical physics, a crucial role is played by Sobolev spaces connected with a Borel measure defined in the Euclidean space ℝ^d. These spaces are defined as closures of the sets of smooth functions in an appropriate norm. In this paper, we propose another (dual) definition of Sobolev spaces and give an example of using this definition.__________Translated from Sovremennaya Matematika i Ee Prilozheniya (Contemporary Mathematics and Its Applications), Vol. 10, Suzdal Conference-4, 2003.     

Separation of convex sets by extreme hyperplanes

The problem of separation of convex sets by extreme hyperplanes (functionals) in normed linear spaces is examined. The concept of a bar (a closed set of special form) is introduced; it is shown that a bar is characterized by the property that any point not lying in it can be separated from it by an extreme hyperplane. In two-dimensional spaces, in spaces with strictly convex dual, and in the space of continuous functions, any two bars are extremely separated. This property is shown to fail in the space of summable functions. A number of examples and generalizations are given.     

Regular sets for the affine and projective groups over the field of two elements

In this paper we show that collineation groups of affine and projective spaces over the field of two elements GF (2), except in low dimensions, have regular sets. As an application of this result, we prove that, apart from a finite number of exceptions, any collineation group of affine and projective spaces over GF (2), is geometric. In the exceptional dimensions, all primitive groups are examined.Lavoro eseguito nell'ambito dei finanziamenti del M.P.I. Italia (40%).     

Automorphism groups for measurable spaces

In [1], the notion of a rigid separable measurable space was defined, and such spaces were shown to exist. We expand upon this idea and ask what are the possible automorphism groups for such spaces. We show that there is only one such non-trivial group which is Abelian (a countable product of two element groups), and that this group is realised as the automorphism group of some separable space. A particular class of such spaces is characterised in terms of rigid components.Finally, an example of a measurable space which is rigid in the strict sense is constructed. This answers a question of K.P.S. Bhaskara Rao and B.V. Rao.     

Graph-like continua, augmenting arcs, and Menger’s theorem

We show that an adaptation of the augmenting path method for graphs proves Menger’s Theorem for wide classes of topological spaces. For example, it holds for locally compact, locally connected, metric spaces, as already known. The method lends itself particularly well to another class of spaces, namely the locally arcwise connected, hereditarily locally connected, metric spaces. Finally, it applies to every space where every point can be separated from every closed set not containing it by a finite set, in particular to every subspace of the Freudenthal compactification of a locally finite, connected graph. While closed subsets of such a space behave nicely in that they are compact and locally connected (and therefore locally arcwise connected), the general subspaces do not: They may be connected without being arcwise connected. Nevertheless, they satisfy Menger’s Theorem. This work was carried out while Antoine Vella was a Marie Curie Fellow at the Technical University of Denmark, as part of the research project TOPGRAPHS (Contract MEIF-CT-2005-009922), under the supervision of Carsten Thomassen.     

Brown–Peterson Cohomology from Morava K-Theory

We give some structure to the Brown–Peterson cohomology (or its p-completion) of a wide class of spaces. The class of spaces are those with Morava K-theory even-dimensional. We can say that the Brown–Peterson cohomology is even-dimensional (concentrated in even degrees) and is flat as a BP*-module for the category of finitely presented BP*(BP)-modules. At first glance this would seem to be a very restricted class of spaces but the world abounds with naturally occurring examples: Eilenberg-Mac Lane spaces, loops of finite Postnikov systems, classifying spaces of most finite groups whose Morava K-theory is known (including the symmetric groups), QS²ⁿ, BO(n), MO(n), BO, Im J, etc. We finish with an explicit algebraic construction of the Brown–Peterson cohomology of a product of Eilenberg–Mac Lane spaces and a general Künneth isomorphism applicable to our situation.     

Duality and saddle-points for convex-like vector optimization problems on real linear spaces

Usually, finite dimensional linear spaces, locally convex topological linear spaces or normed spaces are the framework for vector and multiojective optimization problems. Likewise, several generalizations of convexity are used in order to obtain new results. In this paper we show several Lagrangian type duality theorems and saddle-points theorems. From these, we obtain some characterizations of several efficient solutions of vector optimization problems (VOP), such as weak and proper efficient solutions in Benson’s sense. These theorems are generalizations of preceding results in two ways. Firstly, because we consider real linear spaces without any particular topology, and secondly because we work with a recently appeared convexlike type of convexity. This new type, designated GVCL in this paper, is based on a new algebraic closure which we named vector closure. This research for the second author was partially supported by Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología (Spain), project BFM2003-02194.