Invariant Solutions of Inhomogeneous Universe with Electromagnetic Field in Lyra Geometry

The present study deals with the cylindrically symmetric inhomogeneous cosmological models for perfect fluid distribution with electro-magnetic field in Lyra geometry. Lie group analysis has been used to identify the generators (symmetries) that leave the given system of partial differential equations (field equations) invariant. With the help of canonical variables associated with these generators, the assigned system of partial differential equations is reduced to an ordinary differential equations whose simple solutions provide nontrivial solutions of the original system. They obtained a new class of invariant (similarity) solutions by considering the potentials of metric and displacement field are functions of coordinates t and x. The physical behavior of the derived models are also discussed.     

复杂媒质散射特性的FETI分析

在分析复杂媒质的电磁场散射特性时,引入有限元撕裂对接法,对包含复杂媒质在内的整个计算空间做区域分解,通过合理的代数运算,将一个三维问题转化为二维问题进行求解,减小计算的复杂度.使用Krylov求解器,避免在形成交界面系统方程时,系数矩阵中的求逆运算.两个算例结果表明有限元撕裂对接法在分析复杂媒质散射特性时的正确性和有效性.     

Light Propagation in an Inhomogeneously Absorbing Medium: Near Field of GaAs-Light Emitting Diodes

The light propagation in media with inhomogeneous absorption is investigated by solving the wave equation in the approximation of very short wavelengths. The lowest order correction of the straight-on light propagation is given. In the approximation of light rays the near-field intensity of a light emitting diode (LED) is calculated by using a special absorption function within the region of light excitation.     

Imaging of an Absorbing Object Embedded in a Dense Scattering Medium by Diffusing Light Topography

A new and simple imaging method for an absorbing object embedded in a dense scattering medium is proposed. The distinct characteristic is the positive usage of the diffusing light in the dense scattering medium to image the absorbing object. The principle is based on the equivalence between a probability distribution function of the path-length and a backscattered intensity distribution integrated spatially in the boundary plane between the medium and the air. The usefulness of the proposed method is experimentally confirmed for a modified pyramidal object painted black and thin tubes filled with black and red inks. The conditions under which the better image can be reconstructed are confirmed from the results of experiments and simulations. It is finally shown that our proposed method is capable of imaging the map of blood vessels distributed under the skin layers.     

超短激光脉冲在水中的非线性传输特性研究

基于扩展的非线性薛定谔方程及与其耦合的电子密度演化方程,理论研究了超短激光强脉冲在水中的非线性传输特性.理论模型综合考虑了衍射、正常群速度色散,多光子吸收、自聚焦及激光诱导产生的等离子体对光脉冲的自散焦效应.采用有限差分法模拟得到超短脉冲在传输过程中轴向上光功密度和等离子体密度的时空分布.系统分析了超短脉冲在水中传输的动力学过程,讨论了非线性自聚焦和等离子体自散焦效应在脉冲传输过程中的竞争关系.同时研究了不同入射激光能量,脉宽和聚焦条件对等离子体丝的时宅结构和脉冲能流横向分布的影响.该研究将有助于理解和推动超短光脉冲在激光医学、激光安全防护和水中激光加工中的应用.     

光在分层散射介质中传输行为的蒙特卡罗模拟研究

建立了光在发层散射介质中传输行为的蒙特卡罗模型,计算了皮肢层状结构的光传输特性,考虑联折射率不匹配带来的影响及不同光束特性（如均匀分布平面光场、高斯光束、光纤光束）对传输行为的影响,分析了分界面处光通量的传输特性,给出了不同特性光束的生物组织的表面漫射率曲线,比较了高斯光束和平面光场的卷积结果。     

Integrability Aspects and Soliton Solutions for a System Describing Ultrashort Pulse Propagation in an Inhomogeneous Multi-Component Medium

For the propagation of the ultrashort pulses in an inhomogeneousmulti-component nonlinear medium, a system of coupled equations isanalytically studied in this paper. Painlevé analysis shows thatthis system admits the Painlevé property under some constraints.By means of the Ablowitz-Kaup-Newell-Segur procedure, the Lax pairof this system is derived, and the Darboux transformation (DT) isconstructed with the help of the obtained Lax pair. With symboliccomputation, the soliton solutions are obtained by virtue of the DTalgorithm. Figures are plotted to illustrate the dynamical featuresof the soliton solutions. Characteristics of the solitonspropagating in an inhomogeneous multi-component nonlinear medium arediscussed: (i) Propagation of one soliton and two-peak soliton; (ii) Elastic interactions of the parabolic two solitons; (iii) Overlapphenomenon between two solitons; (iv) Collision of two head-onsolitons and two head-on two-peak solitons; (v) Two different typesof interactions of the three solitons; (vi) Decomposition phenomenonof one soliton into two solitons. The results might be useful in thestudy on the ultrashort-pulse propagation in the inhomogeneousmulti-component nonlinear media.     

Bessel–Gaussian Beams in an Inhomogeneous Medium

Solutions of the parabolic equation which describes propagation of Bessel–Gaussian beams along the axis of an axially-symmetric medium having quadratic inhomogeneity have been obtained and investigated. It is shown that in the process of propagation the parameters of the beams change nonmonotonically. In the case of a transparent medium the beams periodically recover their initial structure.     

散射介质中光传输行为时间特性的蒙特卡洛模拟研究

蒙特卡罗方法模拟了超短脉冲在皮肤的四层模型中的传输的时间特性,给出不同时间的表面漫射强度随径向距离和角度的变化,用傅里叶变换给出了表面漫射强度时间响应的频域结果;结果表明漫射强度随时间的变化会有数量级的不同,漫射强度的时间分辨为ps量级,这要求选择大动态范围ps时间分辨率的探测设备,频域分析的结果表明在达到很高的频率下,幅度和相位才有变化,实际上硬件难以实现。     

散射大气对脉冲紫外光传输时间特性研究

介绍基于椭球坐标系的单次散射近似模型基础上,定量分析脉冲紫外光在散射大气中传输特性,具体讨论了传输距离及能见度等因素对脉冲紫外光传输特性的影响。最后开展了脉冲紫外光展宽初步实验研究,其实验结果与单次近似结果符合较好,从而指导了紫外光信息传输系统的设计工作。     

光学孤子在色散缓变光纤中的传输特性研究

从理论上分析了超短光脉冲在色散缓变光纤中无畸变传输所要求的色散变化关系，设计了单模缓变光纤结构参数。数值模拟验证了理论分析结果，指出改变光纤色散参数完全可以克服光纤损耗对光孤子波形的畸变影响。     

Sound Propagation in Shallow Water with an Inhomogeneous GAS-Saturated Bottom

We present the methods and results of numerical experiments studying the low-frequency sound propagation in one of the areas of the Arctic shelf with a randomly inhomogeneous gas-saturated bottom. The characteristics of the upper layer of bottom sedimentary rocks (sediments) used in calculations were obtained during a 3D seismic survey and trial drilling of the seafloor. We demonstrate the possibilities of substituting in numerical simulation a real bottom with a fluid homogeneous half-space where the effective value of the sound speed is equal to the average sound speed in the bottom, with averaging along the sound propagation path to a sediment depth of 0.6 wavelength in the bottom. An original technique is proposed for estimating the sound speed propagation in an upper inhomogeneous sediment layer. The technique is based on measurements of acoustic wave attenuation in water during waveguide propagation.     

A Hybrid Method of Solving the Electromagnetic Inverse Scattering Problem in Lossy Medium

A hybrid method of solving the electromagnetic inverse scattering problem in a lossy medium is proposed. The gradient search method is first used to determine the spatial distribution of the target, then the Monte Carlo method is selected to calculate the conductivity and permittivity of the scatterer. The results of numerical experiments verify that the hybrid method of combining the two ways is high-precision, efficient, and suited to global optimization.     

掺镱光纤放大器中自相似脉冲传输特性研究

研究了高阶色散和增益色散影响下,自相似脉冲在掺镱光纤放大器中的传输特性.从解析求解和数值模拟两方面分别阐述了初始脉冲能量、三阶色散和偶极子驰豫时间对脉冲传输质量的影响.结果表明,当传输考虑三阶色散效应时,伴随着脉冲啁啾非线性区域的扩大,啁啾中心随着色散系数取值的大小和正负前、后移动,脉冲峰向一侧延迟,中心位置发生漂移.增益色散对脉冲放大起到滤波作用,对自相似脉冲具有压窄效应.证实了具有一定驰豫时间的增益介质能够维持自相似孤子波的稳定传输.     

电磁波在周期介质中的传播及二维光子晶体的光子带结构

光子晶体是光学与凝聚态物理交叉的新领域,也是近年来应用物理学的一个重要研究领域,它是一种由介电常数高的(低的)介质在另一种介电常数低的(高的)背景介质中周期排列所组成的人造多维周期结构材料,能够产生光子带隙。频率落在带隙内的光在晶体里沿任何方向都不能传播,因而具有能够抑制原子、分子的自发辐射等诱人的光电子学特性,在基础研究和实际应用上都有着巨大的潜力。本文在这一领域里进行了富有成效的研究,获得了很好的结果。主要有:(1)利用平面波展开方法来计算二维光子晶体的带隙结构。首先,我们设计正方晶胞的二维光子晶体模型。设x₃方向为介质柱的轴方向,二维周期结构在x₁-x₂平面上。晶胞的晶格常数为a,半径为r,介质柱和空气柱的介电常数分别为ε_a=17和ε_b=1,a>2r。设计的核心思想是通过降低光子晶体结构的对称性,消除光子能带在晶体的布里渊区高对称点上的本征简并。(2)对于二维光子晶体的电磁波理论及周期介质中的Bloch波解做了详细的推导,给出了光子晶体中禁带存在的理论依据。同时以正方格子晶格的二维光子晶体为例,验证了电介质在空气圆孔中的排列存在E偏振和H偏振的光子带隙重叠区,称为绝对光子带隙。对于二维的光子晶体,两种本征偏振模式的光子能带结构可以独立地调节,以实现两者的光子带隙的最优重叠, 从而大大提高了二维光子晶体的完全带隙宽度。     

X-Ray Cherenkov Radiation in an Absorbing Medium with Finite Dimensions

Journal of Surface Investigation: X-ray, Synchrotron and Neutron Techniques - The spectral-angular characteristics of the electromagnetic radiation produced during the propagation of fast charged...