偏钒酸铵对SD大鼠心、肺组织结构的影响

为研究不同剂量偏钒酸铵对SD大鼠心、肺生长及组织结构的影响,将150只SD大鼠随机分成5组,雌雄各半,在饮水中添加不同剂量的偏钒酸铵10,20,40,60 mg/L,对照组饲饮蒸馏水.于饮饲后第2,4,6,8,10周时断脊处死,取心、肺脏标本称质量并用Bouin液固定,制作石蜡切片,HE染色,显微观察并摄影.结果表明,...     

Therapeutic Potential of Highly Selective A3 Adenosine Receptor Ligands in the Central and Peripheral Nervous System

Ligands of the G_i protein-coupled adenosine A₃ receptor (A₃R) are receiving increasing interest as attractive therapeutic tools for the treatment of a number of pathological conditions of the central and peripheral nervous systems (CNS and PNS, respectively). Their safe pharmacological profiles emerging from clinical trials on different pathologies (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis and fatty liver diseases) confer a realistic translational potential to these compounds, thus encouraging the investigation of highly selective agonists and antagonists of A₃R. The present review summarizes information on the effect of latest-generation A₃R ligands, not yet available in commerce, obtained by using different in vitro and in vivo models of various PNS- or CNS-related disorders. This review places particular focus on brain ischemia insults and colitis, where the prototypical A₃R agonist, Cl-IB-MECA, and antagonist, MRS1523, have been used in research studies as reference compounds to explore the effects of latest-generation ligands on this receptor. The advantages and weaknesses of these compounds in terms of therapeutic potential are discussed.     

Chemical Composition of Natural Hydrolates and Their Antimicrobial Activity on Arcobacter-Like Cells in Comparison with Other Microorganisms

Hydrolates obtained via the hydrodistillation and steam distillation of Lavandula angustifolia Mill., Syzygium aromaticum L., Foeniculum vulgare Mill., and Laurus nobilis L. were analyzed by gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Additionally, the hydrolates were evaluated for antimicrobial activity (disk-diffusion and microdilution method), influence on biofilm formation (Christensen method) and cytotoxicity of concentrated hydrolates against human cell lines (A549) by xCELLigence system. Using chemical analysis, 48, 9, 13 and 33 different components were detected in lavender, clove, fennel and laurel hydrolates, respectively. Lavender hydrolate contained the largest proportion of 1,8-cineol, linalool furanoxide, and linalool. The main components of laurel hydrolate were 1,8-cineol, 4-terpineol and α-terpineol. Fenchone and estragole were the most abundant in fennel hydrolate, and eugenol and eugenyl acetate in clove hydrolate. Concentrated hydrolates showed significant antimicrobial activity. Clove hydrolate was among the most antimicrobially active agents, most preferably against C. albicans, with an inhibition zone up to 23.5 mm. Moreover, concentrated hydrolates did not show any cytotoxic effect again8 st human A549 cells. In the presence of the non-concentrated hydrolates, significantly reduced biofilm formation was observed; however, with concentrated clove hydrolate, there was an increase in biofilm formation, e.g., of A. thereius, A. lanthieri, and A. butzleri. Research shows new findings about hydrolates that may be important in natural medicine or for preservation purposes.     

沉淀温度对CuO/ZnO/Al2O3催化剂前驱体物相及催化水煤气变换反应活性的影响

 用X射线衍射、差热热重测定、程序升温还原、N2吸附、N2O滴定和常压微反活性评价技术考察了沉淀温度对CuO/ZnO/Al2O3系催化剂及其前驱体的物相和催化水煤气变换反应活性的影响. 结果表明,在沉淀温度为60～90 ℃时,催化剂前驱体中主要存在Cu2CO3(OH)2,(Cu,Zn)2CO3(OH)2和(Cu,Zn)6Al2(OH)16CO3·4H2O三种物相. 焙烧后的催化剂样品中形成了较多的CuO-ZnO固溶体,沉淀温度升高有利于CuO-ZnO固溶体的形成及催化剂活性的提高. 水煤气变换反应是一个非结构敏感型反应.     

The Physicochemical Characteristics of Gelam Honey and Its Outcome on the Female Reproductive Tissue of Sprague–Dawley Rats: A Preliminary Study

Gelam honey (GH) is a prized natural product synthesized from the nectar of flowers from Gelam trees (Melaleuca sp.). Gelam is an evergreen tree species that grows in tropical regions such as Malaysia. GH is a multifloral honey with proven antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the beneficial effect of GH on female reproductive tissue has yet to be substantiated. Herein, we investigated the effects of GH administration on the uterine and vaginal epithelial thickness of sexually mature Sprague–Dawley rats. Epithelia thickness could be an indicator of an atrophy manifesting as a symptom of a cardio syndrome. Rats were given oral doses of GH in four groups for 14 days; the lowest dose was 0.2 g GH/kg body weight (bw) rat/day and the highest dose was 8 g GH/kg bw rat/day. The physicochemical characteristics of GH were assessed through hydroxymethylfurfural and moisture content determination and sugar identification. GH attenuated the atrophy of the uterine and vaginal epithelia and increased the thickness of the endometrial stroma and endometrial surface endothelial layer. However, the dissonance observed in the effect of GH administration on the vaginal epithelium requires further investigation. Nevertheless, GH may have a strong potential in attenuating uterine and vaginal atrophies.     

组分对含羟基磷灰石/脂肪族聚氨酯复合骨组织工程支架的理化性能及生物学性能的影响

以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯为聚氨酯硬段,通过原位聚合使聚合过程中释放的气体发泡,制备了用作骨组织工程材料的羟基磷灰石/脂肪族聚氨酯多孔支架.系统考察了不同组成配方,即羟基磷灰石(HA)含量、发泡剂含量以及聚氨酯(PU)软硬段的比例对三维支架材料的机械性能和微观孔隙结构等的影响,并通过体外细胞培养和体内肌肉植入初步评价了该复合...     

H2O2络合凝胶法制备纳米TiO2/SiO2复合催化剂及其光催化性能

采用H2O2络合凝胶法获得钛的络合物[TiO(H2O2)]2 水溶胶,并与SiO2水溶胶包覆复合,制备了纳米TiO2/SiO2复合半导体催化剂,其结构经XRD和BET表征。以含阳离子艳红染料模拟废水降解为模型反应,考察了复合催化剂的光催化性能。实验结果表明:经650℃焙烧后的复合催化剂中TiO2粒径为9.8 nm,光催化活性最好,SiO2的最佳掺杂量为25%。     

硫转移催化剂研究(I): 组成、结构与吸硫活性关系

在流化催化裂化炼制汽油时，进料油中含有一定量的有机硫化合物，其中一部分硫沉积在焦炭上并在再生器中转化为SO。（SO。＋S0a）．如果催化裂化（FC）年处理量按1000万吨计算，估计每年约有3万吨SO。进入大气中．如不处理直接排放必将严重污染大气环境．国外已开展对FCC再生烟中SO。控制的研究，但多以HZ作为还原剂，故须外加引入装置［‘，‘］．本文报告的是用硫转移催化剂催化税除SO。；即根据FCC工艺条件，结合FCC催化剂所处的实际环境，在FCC催化剂中MA质量分数为0．01－0．03的含稀土的铝侯尖晶石基的硫转移催化剂，使它…     

超临界甲醇处理对活性炭表面性质及钌炭催化性能的影响

采用超临界甲醇处理活性炭,水浸渍制备负载钌炭催化剂,用N2物理吸附、Boehm滴定、X光电子能谱（XPS）和程序升温还原（TPR）等测试技术研究了超临界甲醇处理对活性炭表面结构及表面基团相对含量的影响,并以葡萄糖加氢生产山梨醇为模型反应对钌基催化剂的性能进行了评价。 研究结果表明,超临界甲醇处理活性炭,活性炭的孔结构性能变化不大,但可有效降低活性炭表面含氧酸性基团的含量,使催化剂的还原温度升高,增强了载体和活性组分间的相互作用,有效的提高了钌的分散度,从而提高所负载催化剂的催化活性。 在实验范围内,当超临界甲醇的温度为300 ℃,处理时间为12 h时,在4.0 MPa、120 ℃、葡萄糖的质量分数为50%的反应条件下,催化剂的反应速率（按Ru单位质量计）达到了118.65 mmol/(min·g),是未处理活性炭的1.96倍。     

The Effect of Coconut Water (Cocos Nucifera L.) and an Isotonic Drink on the Change of Heart Rate Frequency in the Rats Induced Hypertension

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of coconut water (Cocos nucifera L) and an isotonic drink on the changes of heart rate frequency in the rats induced hypertension. Wistar male rats were divided into five groups: a negative group, a mineral-watered group, a coconut-watered group, a group with isotonic drink, and a group with medicine. The rats were induced hypertension by administering NaCl solution high concentration for 14 days, and then they were treated with the test materials given to each group for another 14 days without stopping the induction. Their heart rate was measured using a tail cuff before the induction (d0), at the beginning of the treatment (d14), and at the end of the treatment (d28). When being induced hypertension, higher heart rate frequency was significantly showed by the groups with coconut water and isotonic drink (p<0.05) compared with the control group. When the rats of coconut water group were treated with coconut water, their heart rate became significantly lower (p<0.05) compared to the control groups. When the rats of isotonic drink group were treated with isotonic drink, their heart rate was lower, although not significant, than the control groups. The results showed that coconut water (C. nucifera L) lowered the heart rate frequency better than the isotonic drink.     

Pt/Ce0.75Zr0.25O2的催化性能及其氧移动性的 18O 同位素交换表征

 采用浸渍法制备了Pt/Ce0.75Zr0.25O2催化剂,考察了催化剂对乙醇及CO的氧化活性,并采用 18O 同位素交换、乙醇程序升温表面反应(C2H5OH-TPSR)、一氧化碳程序升温脱附(CO-TPD)和程序升温还原(H2-TPR)等技术对催化剂进行了表征. 结果表明, Pt/Ce0.75Zr0.25O2催化剂表现出较高的乙醇和CO氧化活性,其催化活性随着Pt负载量的增加而提高. 当Pt负载量为3%时,活性最高. 继续增加Pt负载量,催化剂活性下降. C2H5OH-TPSR和CO-TPD结果表明,催化剂对乙醇或CO的氧化活性与从催化剂表面脱附出来的CO2量有对应关系, CO2脱附量越大,催化剂活性越高. 18O 同位素交换结果表明,表面氧交换能力与其氧化活性有一定对应关系,催化剂的表面氧交换能力越高,氧化活性越高.     

电解液成分、厚度及表面改性对旋涂法制备的BiVO4膜层光电化学性能的影响

采用旋涂法在FTO（SnO₂∶F）导电玻璃衬底上沉积得到BiVO₄多孔薄膜用以光解水,改变前驱体的浓度和旋涂次数以调控薄膜的厚度。研究了电解液成分、膜层厚度及表面改性等因素对刚经历过退火处理的BiVO₄薄膜光电化学（PEC）性能的影响。结果表明：通过在电解液中添加适量的空穴吞噬剂Na₂SO₃,或对表面进行Co-Pi改性均能有效改善BiVO₄薄膜的PEC活性。这些措施均能有效抑制固液界面处的载流子复合反应。经Co-Pi改性的BiVO₄薄膜在0.6 V（vs SCE）偏压下,0.1 mol·L^-1 Na₂SO₄+0.1 mol·L^-1 Na₂SO₃的电解液中展现出最高的光电流密度（4.3 mA·cm^-2）。此外,选用一个代表性BiVO₄薄膜作为光阳极制备了一个PEC生物传感器,在检测谷胱甘肽（GSH）上表现出比较高的灵敏度。本研究证实了BiVO₄薄膜的PEC性能严重依赖着光俘获效率和载流子输运过程。     

Enhancement of O-GlcNAcylation on Mitochondrial Proteins with 2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)ethyl-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-β-d-pyranoside,Contributes to the Mitochondrial Network,Cellular Bioenergetics and Stress Response in Neuronal Cells under Ischemic-like Conditions

O-GlcNAcylation is a nutrient-driven post-translational modification known as a metabolic sensor that links metabolism to cellular function. Recent evidences indicate that the activation of O-GlcNAc pathway is a potential pro-survival pathway and that acute enhancement of this response is conducive to the survival of cells and tissues. 2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)ethyl-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-β-d-pyranoside (SalA-4g), is a salidroside analogue synthesized in our laboratory by chemical structure-modification, with a phenyl ring containing a para-methoxy group and a sugar ring consisting of N-acetylglucosamine. We have previously shown that SalA-4g elevates levels of protein O-GlcNAc and improves neuronal tolerance to ischemia. However, the specific target of SalA-4g regulating O-GlcNAcylation remains unknown. To address these questions, in this study, we have focused on mitochondrial network homeostasis mediated by O-GlcNAcylation in SalA-4g’s neuroprotection in primary cortical neurons under ischemic-like conditions. O-GlcNAc-modified mitochondria induced by SalA-4g demonstrated stronger neuroprotection under oxygen glucose deprivation and reoxygenation stress, including the improvement of mitochondrial homeostasis and bioenergy, and inhibition of mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Blocking mitochondrial protein O-GlcNAcylation with OSMI-1 disrupted mitochondrial network homeostasis and antagonized the protective effects of SalA-4g. Collectively, these data demonstrate that mitochondrial homeostasis mediated by mitochondrial protein O-GlcNAcylation is critically involved in SalA-4g neuroprotection.     

Methane Combustion over Pd/Al2O3 Catalyst: Effects of Chlorine Ions and Water on Catalytic Activity

The influences of residual chlorine ions and water on the performance of a Pd/Al₂O₃ catalyst in methane combustion have been studied. The results show that the catalyst containing Cl⁻ exhibits a relatively low activity, and the addition of water to the reaction system accelerates the deactivation process. The catalyst has been characterized by N₂ adsorption, X-ray fluorescence, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and thermogravimetry (TG). The results show that the presence of Cl⁻ appears to strongly inhibit the total oxidation of methane and hinder the dispersion of Pd on Al₂O₃. The formation of Pd(OH)₂ during the reaction is the most likely reason for the inhibition effect of water, which is confirmed by FT-IR and TG analysis. The regeneration of the Pd/Al₂O₃ catalyst can be achieved by purging in nitrogen at 550 °C.     

氯离子及水蒸气对Pd／Al2O3催化剂甲烷燃烧性能的影响

考察了残余Cl-及水的添加对负载型Pd/Al2O3催化剂甲烷燃烧性能的影响.结果表明,含Cl-的催化剂活性较低,水的加入可使催化剂迅速失活,在高温下通过N2吹扫可使催化剂再生.采用N2吸附、X射线荧光分析、红外光谱和热重分析对催化剂进行了表征.结果表明,Cl-的存在会降低Pd在载体上的分散度,且对Pd/Al2O3催化剂的活性有强烈的抑制作用;添加的水会覆盖催化剂活性位并与PdO生成催化活性较低的Pd(OH)2,从而使得催化剂活性下降。     

Fabrication and Evaluation of Gellan Gum/Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel for Retinal Tissue Engineering Biomaterial and the Influence of Substrate Stress Relaxation on Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells

Cell therapies for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) treatment have been developed by integrating hydrogel-based biomaterials. Until now, cell activity has been observed only in terms of the modulus of the hydrogel. In addition, cell behavior has only been observed in the 2D environment of the hydrogel and the 3D matrix. As time-dependent stress relaxation is considered a significant mechanical cue for the control of cellular activities, it is important to optimize hydrogels for retinal tissue engineering (TE) by applying this viewpoint. Herein, a gellan Gum (GG)/Hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel was fabricated using a facile physical crosslinking method. The physicochemical and mechanical properties were controlled by forming a different composition of GG and HA. The characterization was performed by conducting a mass swelling study, a sol fraction study, a weight loss test, a viscosity test, an injection force study, a compression test, and a stress relaxation analysis. The biological activity of the cells encapsulated in 3D constructs was evaluated by conducting a morphological study, a proliferation test, a live/dead analysis, histology, immunofluorescence staining, and a gene expression study to determine the most appropriate material for retinal TE biomaterial. Hydrogels with moderate amounts of HA showed improved physicochemical and mechanical properties suitable for injection into the retina. Moreover, the time-dependent stress relaxation property of the GG/HA hydrogel was enhanced when the appropriate amount of HA was loaded. In addition, the cellular compatibility of the GG/HA hydrogel in in vitro experiments was significantly improved in the fast-relaxing hydrogel. Overall, these results demonstrate the remarkable potential of GG/HA hydrogel as an injectable hydrogel for retinal TE and the importance of the stress relaxation property when designing retinal TE hydrogels. Therefore, we believe that GG/HA hydrogel is a prospective candidate for retinal TE biomaterial.