新型整体-局部高阶剪切变形理论及层合板精化三角形单元

基于整体-局部位移方法,建立了一种高阶剪切变形理论。整体位移部分采用的是Reddy理论的位移模式（1984）,局部位移为LIXY等（1997）建立的1,2-3理论的局部函数。这一理论使满足自由表面条件的Red@理论进一步满足层间位移、应力连续,同时有效减少了1,2—3理论的未知数个数。基于此理论深入开展了有限元法研究,建立了满足C^1连续条件的精化三节点三角形单元（每个节点参数为9个）。计算结果表明：建立的精化单元能准确计算整体位移和层间应力。     

薄板几何非线性中的精化元方法及膜闭锁问题

基于放松单元间协调条件的大变形分原理和全局拉拉格朗日方法，推导出几何非线性精化三角形薄板单元，对几何刚度矩阵，通过引入特殊的单元位移函数，有效地消除了薄板弯曲问题中伴生的膜闭锁现象，数值结果表明该单元在几何非线性分析中既能消除膜闭锁又具有较高精度。     

薄板弯曲单元的精化矩阵

本文提出一个改进薄板弯曲单元计算精度的一般性方法：用精化矩阵对原有的单元刚度阵进行修正。实践表明，这种方法可以有效地改变单元的刚柔特性，从而达到提高单元精度的目的。文中证明了，单刚中加进精化矩阵不会破坏原来单元的收敛性质。     

精化杂交压电固体单元的研究

基于力、电耦合问题的三类交量广义交分原理，提出了广义杂交压电单元列式。为了进一步改进单元的性能和保证单元能够通过分片检验，通过引入非协调模式、放松电学方程约束条件和单元间的弱连续性条件，建立了新的、修正的广义交分原理，在此基础上成功地引入了应力、应交的正交化插值模式，从而建立了精化杂交压电单元法，它继承了常规精化杂交单元的全部优点。文中所推导的八节点精化杂交压电固体单元列式完全避免了矩阵求逆运算，较广义杂交压电单元和杂交应力压电单元均显著提高了计算效率。数值算例表明，与同类型其他单元相比，该单元明显具有更好的对歪斜网格的适应性。     

薄板几何非线性中的精化元方法及膜闭锁问题

基于放松单元间协调条件的大变形变分原理和全局拉格朗日方法，推导了几何非线性精化三角形薄板单元。对几何刚度矩阵，通过引入特殊的单元位移函数，有效地消除了薄板弯曲问题中伴生的膜闭锁现象。数值结果表明该单元在几何非线性分析中既能消除膜闭锁又具有较高精度。     

薄板弯曲单元的精化矩阵

本文提出一个改进薄板弯曲单元计算精度的一般性方法：用精化矩阵对原有的单元刚度阵进行修正。实践表明，这种方法可以有效地改变单元的刚柔特性，从而达到提高单元精度的目的。文中证明了，单刚中加进精化矩阵不会破坏原来单元的收敛性质。     

8—21节点块体精化不协调元

本文基于文（２）提出的精化直接刚度法的变分原理，构造了８－２１节点元的精化不协调位移模式，并装入ＳＡＰ５程序中，该单元能通过分片试验数据结果表明：采用精化直接刚度法，可以有效地改装单元特性，使新单元在具原单元的简单、高效、可靠性好的同时，在精度，适应性等方面有大幅度的提高。     

精化不协调元的实施

按精化不协调元法推导了保证收敛的平面四结点单元（ＲＮＱ４）及空间八结点单元（ＲＮＱ８），从工程实际应用角度分析此类单元的实施及其对结构工程中抗弯结构和高层抗剪结构的适应性。     

精化直接刚度法的不协调位移模式与收敛性分析

基于精化直接刚度法的不协调位移模式及有限元收敛理论中的ＩＰＴ条件，建立了Ｃ￣０类可分离位移型精化元的收敛性充分条件——强ＩＰＴ条件。进一步推出一族平面及空间Ｃ￣０类精化元并验证了其收敛性。     

功能梯度板弯曲和自由振动分析的简单精化板理论

论文提出了一种可用于分析功能梯度板弯曲和自由振动行为的简单精化板理论.该理论分析功能梯度板的弯曲时只需三个未知量,而分析功能梯度板的自由振动时只需一个未知量.与包含三个未知量的经典板理论相比,论文提出的简单精化板理论考虑了横向剪切效应,提高了计算准确度.与一阶剪切变形板理论不同,该简单精化板理论引入了多项式型剪切应变函数,满足板上下表面剪切应力为零的边界条件,因此不需要剪切修正.通过与已有文献的比较,验证了该简单精化板理论的准确性和便捷性,并基于该简单精化板理论研究了功能梯度板的弯曲和自由振动力学行为.     

ANCF curvature continuity: application to soft and fluid materials

The continuity of the position-vector gradients at the nodal points of a finite element mesh does not always ensure the continuity of the gradients at the element interfaces. Discontinuity of the gradients at the interface not only adversely affects the quality of the simulation results, but can also lead to computer models that do not properly represent realistic physical system behaviors, particularly in the case of soft and fluid material applications. In this study, the absolute nodal coordinate formulation (ANCF) finite elements are used to define general curvature-continuity conditions that allow for eliminating or minimizing the discontinuity of the position gradients at the element interface. For the ANCF solid element, with four-node surfaces, it is shown that continuity of the gradients tangent to an arbitrary point on a surface is ensured as the result of the continuity of the gradients at the nodal points. The general ANCF continuity conditions are applicable to both reference-configuration straight and curved geometries. These conditions are formulated without the need for using the computer-aided-design knot vector and knot multiplicity, which do not account properly for the concept of system degrees of freedom. The ANCF curvature-continuity conditions are written in terms of constant geometric coefficients obtained using the matrix of position-vector gradients that defines the reference-configuration geometry. The formulation of these conditions is demonstrated using the ANCF fully parameterized three-dimensional solid and tetrahedral elements, which employ a complete set of position gradients as nodal coordinates. Numerical results are presented in order to examine the effect of applying the curvature-continuity conditions on achieving a higher degree of smoothness at the element interfaces in the case of soft and fluid materials.

     

复合材料厚梁精化锯齿理论及有限元分析

由于具有预先满足层间应力连续的优点,锯齿理论被广泛研究和应用。然而,至今锯齿理论仍然存在如下难题：基于锯齿理论构造单元时,需使用满足单元间C1连续的插值函数,难于构造多节点高阶单元,而且精度较低。如果这些问题不被重视和解决,应用此类理论分析复合材料力学问题可能得出不恰当的结论。通过发展高精度的考虑横法向应变的C0型锯齿理论,本文将克服已有锯齿理论遇到的上述难题。基于发展的锯齿理论,构造三节点梁单元验证发展理论模型的性能。     

压电复合材料层板柱面弯曲的精化理论

本研究旨在建立精确的压电复合材料层板理论。位移场和电势场采用近似表达，其沿板厚的分布通过构造高精度的位移分布函数和电势分布函数来描述。这两个函数由三雏弹性平衡方程和静电平衡方程的特解来导出，从而满足复杂的力电耦合关系和各类连续条件，保证了本文理论的高精度。本文理论仅涉及4个位移和电势变量，且不随层数的增加而增多，较之变量随层数而增多的分层理论简单得多，平衡方程形式简单；也便于发展成有限元等数值模型。通过与三维精确解比较，算例显示了本文理论的高精度和有效性。     

弱连续条件下的九参三角形板元

首先对薄板弯曲平衡方程的弱形式进行了推导,导出保证单元收敛的弱协调条件,即三角形顶点函数值连续和三边的法向导数积分连续这两个条件;对比拟协调元、广义协调元和双参数法中所使用的3个积分连续条件,本条件更弱;再对这3个积分协调条件的构成方法进行了总结和分析,现有采用积分连续条件构造的有限元大都采用了这些构成方法.采用弱协调条件构造有限元,比原来的构造范围更广,井以此构造出几种单元作为算例.采用这种构成法还可构造多种单元,它们都具有采用最小势能原理法构成有限元的简便的优点,并在任意网格下收敛到真解.     

A DOMAIN DECOMPOSITION ALGORITHM WITH FINITE ELEMENT-BOUNDARY ELEMENT COUPLING

A domain decomposition algorithm coupling the finite element and the boundary element was presented. It essentially involves subdivision of the analyzed domain into sub-regions being independently modeled by two methods, i.e., the finite element method (FEM) and the boundary element method (BEM). The original problem was restored with continuity and equilibrium conditions being satisfied on the interface of the two sub-regions using an iterative algorithm. To speed up the convergence rate of the iterative algorithm, a dynamically changing relaxation parameter during iteration was introduced. An advantage of the proposed algorithm is that the locations of the nodes on the interface of the two sub-domains can be inconsistent. The validity of the algorithm is demonstrated by the consistence of the results of a numerical example obtained by the proposed method and those by the FEM, the BEM and a present finite element-boundary element (FE-BE) coupling method.     

Numerical convergence of finite element solutions of nonrational B-spline element and absolute nodal coordinate formulation

In this investigation, numerical convergence of finite element solutions obtained using the B-spline approach and the absolute nodal coordinate formulation (ANCF) is discussed. Furthermore, equivalence of the two formulations with different orders of polynomials and degrees of continuity is demonstrated by several numerical examples. The degree of continuity can be easily controlled in B-spline elements by changing knot multiplicities, while continuity conditions associated with higher order derivatives need to be imposed to achieve C ² and higher continuities in ANCF elements. In order to compare element performances of the third and quartic B-spline and ANCF elements, the three-node quartic ANCF beam element is developed. It is demonstrated in several numerical examples that use of B-spline and ANCF elements with same orders and continuities leads to identical results. Furthermore, effects of polynomial orders and continuities on the accuracy and numerical convergence are demonstrated.     

层合圆柱厚壳热应力分析的状态方程及其半解析法

通过对Ｈｅｌｌｉｎｇｅｒ－Ｒｅｉｓｓｎｅｒ变分原理的修正，导出了变温作用下层合圆柱厚壳的状态方程及其半解析法，该方法在ｚ－θ曲面内采用通常的有限元离散，而沿壳厚（ｒ）方向采用状态空间法给出解析解答，且通过采用状态转移矩阵，建立了层合圆柱壳内外表面应力和位移之间的关系式，然后利用打靶法进行求解，从而大大降低了计算中的未知量数目。     

含层间短裂纹层合板的解析－分区变分解法

将层板横截面分为含裂纹区与不含裂纹区，在每一区内，根据夏变函数理论与特征函数展开法，得到了各自区内满足所有支配方程、裂纹表面边界条件与层间连续条件的位移与应力的特征展开式，然后利用分区广义变分原理满足裂纹表面边界以外的边界条件以及两区之间的交界条件，并由此求得奇异场控制量（广义应力强度因子）。     

A new higher-order shear deformation theory and refined beam element of composite laminates

A new higher-order shear deformation theory based on global-local superposition technique is developed. The theory satisfies the free surface conditions and the geometric and stress continuity conditions at interfaces. The global displacement components are of the Reddy theory and local components are of the internal first to third-order terms in each layer. A two-node beam element based on this theory is proposed. The solutions are compared with 3D-elasticity solutions. Numerical results show that present beam element has higher computational efficiency and higher accuracy.The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10172023)     

A coupled refined high-order global-local theory and finite element model for static electromechanical response of smart multilayered/sandwich beams

In the present study, a coupled refined high-order global-local theory is developed for predicting fully coupled behavior of smart multilayered/sandwich beams under electromechanical conditions. The proposed theory considers effects of transverse normal stress and transverse flexibility which is important for beams including soft cores or beams with drastic material properties changes through depth. Effects of induced transverse normal strains through the piezoelectric layers are also included in this study. In the presence of non-zero in-plane electric field component, all the kinematic and stress continuity conditions are satisfied at layer interfaces. In addition, for the first time, conditions of non-zero shear and normal tractions are satisfied even while the bottom or the top layer of the beam is piezoelectric. A combination of polynomial and exponential expressions with a layerwise term containing first order differentiation of electrical unknowns is used to introduce the in-plane displacement field. Also, the transverse displacement field is formulated utilizing a combination of continuous piecewise fourth-order polynomial with a layerwise representation of electrical unknowns. Finally, a quadratic electric potential is used across the thickness of each piezoelectric layer. It is worthy to note that in the proposed shear locking-free finite element formulation, the number of mechanical unknowns is independent of the number of layers. Excellent correlation has been found between the results obtained from the proposed formulation for thin and thick piezoelectric beams with those resulted from the three-dimensional theory of piezoelasticity. Moreover, the proposed finite element model is computationally economic.