基于灰区间数决策的城市土地集约利用评价

城市土地集约利用评判是典型的区间数多属性决策问题,将基于灰色系统理论的多指标灰区间数关联决策模型应用于城市土地利用状况评价领域,通过引入灰区间数序列的范数完成多指标区间数决策矩阵的规范化处理,建立了多指标区间数整体逼近决策方法,使城市土地集约利用评判方法更加客观.最后通过扬州市城市土地利用状况为实例验证模型的有效性和实用性,为城市土地集约利用评价提供了一种新方法.     

Multi-variable grey model based on dynamic background algorithm for forecasting the interval sequence

The multi-variable grey model based on dynamic background algorithm improves the forecasting performance of the multi-variable grey model on the precise number sequence. In order to make this model suitable for the interval sequence, the matrix form of the multi-variable grey model based on dynamic background algorithm is proposed in the paper. In the modeling process, the interval is treated as a two-dimensional column vector, the parameters of the multi-variable grey model are replaced by matrices, and the dynamic background algorithm for interval sequences is proposed. The analysis results of the matrix algorithm for the dynamic background value and the prediction formula show that the new model is essentially a way to predict one of the two bounds of an interval by combining them, reflecting the integrity and interaction between the lower and upper bounds. The interval predictions of industrial electricity consumption of Zhejiang Province, China national electricity consumption and consumer price index show that the new model can well predict the minimum and maximum values of the interval sequence and has better prediction performance compared with the method of predicting each boundary sequence separately.     

基于核和测度的区间灰数预测模型

区间灰数的确定与其核和测度有关,通过计算灰数的核和测度,将区间灰数转变成实数.分别对区间灰数核序列和测度序列建立预测模型,再推导还原得到区间灰数的预测模型.并将此模型应用于黄河内蒙段巴彦高勒站冰期日均流量预测,结果验证了所建模型的有效性和实用性.     

基于区间灰关联度的飞机战术意图识别方法

针对敌机在某一时刻其状态属性特征具有迷惑性的特点将某时间段敌机的特征指标变化序列用区间数表示,然后将敌机各类战术意图基准特征值也用区间数表示,将两类区间数都进行规范化处理,求得目标特征区间值与各类意图基准特征区间值的距离矩阵,用AHP方法确定特征指标权重,然后提出了一个新的灰关联模型并对其满足灰关联四公理进行了证明,用提出的灰关联度模型对目标战术意图进行识别.仿真结果证明区间灰关联度方法用于飞机战术意图识别的有效性,同时可以发现其在实时性方面的优势.     

基于改进的GM(1,1)-Markov链组合模型广东省单位GDP能耗预测

本文以灰色系统理论的GM(1,1)模型和随机过程理论的Markov链模型为基础构建了一个动态GM(1,1)-Markov链组合预测模型。该模型同时利用了GM(1,1)模型对序列趋势因素良好的拟合能力和Markov链模型对残差序列信息的提取能力。为进一步提高该模型的预测精度,用泰勒(Taylor)近似方法和新信息优先的思想对该模型进行了改进。最后,以1991-2014年广东省单位GDP能耗数据实证了该模型的预测效果。     

Comparison of fuzzy numbers using a fuzzy distance measure

A new approach for ranking fuzzy numbers based on a distance measure is introduced. A new class of distance measures for interval numbers that takes into account all the points in both intervals is developed first, and then it is used to formulate the distance measure for fuzzy numbers. The approach is illustrated by numerical examples, showing that it overcomes several shortcomings such as the indiscriminative and counterintuitive behavior of several existing fuzzy ranking approaches.     

基于标准区间灰数的发展带离散DDGM预测模型

由于区间灰数运算体系尚不完善,灰数间的代数运算将导致结果灰度增加,难以有效构建基于"区间灰数"的灰色发展带预测模型.对此,通过将区间灰数进行标准化处理,分解成基于实数形式的"白部"和"灰部"两个部分;然后分别对"白部"和"灰部"建立发展带预测模型,再推导并还原得到区间灰数的发展带预测模型;最后,将模型用于摆动幅度大且整体趋势增长的区间灰数在未来时刻的预测,预测效果验证了所提出模型的有效性.     

三元区间多属性决策模型

针对决策信息为三元区间数且属性权重完全未知的多属性决策问题,对灰靶决策模型进行了进一步的拓展研究,给出了适用于三元区间综合靶心距决策模型的赋权方法,根据各指标值的上、中、下限序列的信息熵得到改进的信息熵权,并与主观法得到的区间权重相结合,定义了一种新的区间综合权重.在此基础上,通过特征向量法将区间综合权重转化为最优权重来进行方案排序.最后以实例说明了这种赋权方法下灰靶决策模型的实用性和有效性.     

Novel methods on comparing grey numbers

Uncertain decision-making is an important branch of decision-making theory. It is crucial to describe uncertain information, which determine the decision-making is effective or not. This paper first presents a brief survey of the existing methods on denoting uncertain information, such as fuzzy mathematics, stochastic and interval methods, analyzes the merits and demerits of these methods. Then the paper proposes a novel method grey systems theory to describe uncertain information and gives the novel definition of grey number on the basis of probability distribution. Subsequently a novel probability method on comparing grey numbers, especially discrete grey numbers and interval grey numbers, is studied. When an interval grey number satisfied to continuous uniform distribution, it will be degenerated into an interval number. Finally three numerical examples are investigated to demonstrate the effectiveness of the present method.     

基于前景理论的智能输电系统改进灰靶风险决策模型研究

针对我国特高压建设与大规模可再生能源的接入带给智能输电系统的风险,文章提出一种在市场环境下输电系统的风险型多准则决策新方法。该方法基于已构建的智能输电系统风险评价指标体系,考虑指标属性与权重信息的不确定、模糊性以及决策者所持风险态度,结合改进的区间灰数与前景理论,构建了基于前景理论的改进灰靶风险决策模型,最后运用到智能输电系统风险决策案例验证了该方法的合理性和有效性。     

The novel fractional discrete multivariate grey system model and its applications

Fractional order accumulation is a novel and popular tool which is efficient to improve accuracy of the grey models. However, most existing grey models with fractional order accumulation are all developed on the conventional methodology of grey models, which may be inaccurate in the applications. In this paper an existing fractional multivariate grey model with convolution integral is proved to be a biased model, and then a novel fractional discrete multivariate grey model based on discrete modelling technique is proposed, which is proved to be an unbiased model with mathematical analysis and stochastic testing. An algorithm based on the Grey Wolf Optimizer is introduced to optimize the fractional order of the proposed model. Four real world case studies with updated data sets are executed to assess the effectiveness of the proposed model in comparison with nine existing multivariate grey models. The results show that the Grey Wolf Optimizer-based algorithm is very efficient to optimize the fractional order of the proposed model, and the proposed model outperforms other nine models in the all the real world case studies.     

基于白化权函数的区间灰数预测模型

针对传统灰色预测模型无法进行白化权函数已知的区间灰数预测的缺陷,通过先将区间灰数进行标准化处理,分解成实数形式的"白部"和"灰部",然后分别对"白部"和"灰部"序列进行预测.再将已知的白化权函数映射为[0,1]区间上的函数,并用函数的面积和重心估计出预测值的白化权函数.模型不仅能解决典型白化权函数的类型,还能解决三角白化权函数的情况,且建模机理简单,计算简便.最后,将模型应用于黄河宁蒙河段巴彦高勒站的凌期日均流量的预测,验证了新模型的有效性及实用性.     

逐步优化灰导数的非等间距GM(1,1)模型

利用前向差商和后向差商的加权平均值代替灰导数,对非等间距灰色预测模型进行了改进,给出了加权系数的估计公式,并采用逐步递推的方法优化参数,建立新的非等间距GM(1,1)模型.最后通过实例证明了新模型具有较高的精度.     

改进灰导数和时间响应函数的新灰色预测模型

以白化方程为基础,利用梯形公式白化灰导数,同时根据最小二乘法求出时间响应函数中的常数c,得到一种改进的灰色预测模型.应用实例说明改进模型具有较高的预测和拟合精度.     

On novel grey forecasting model based on non-homogeneous index sequence

To solve the problem that traditional grey models were constructed on the hypothesis that the original data sequence is in accord with homogeneous index trend rather than non-homogeneous index trend. A novel grey forecasting model based on non-homogeneous index sequence approximately (abbreviated as NDGM) is proposed. It is proved that the models based on homogeneous index sequence are all special cases that of non-homogeneous index sequence. The recursive function of the NDGM model is proposed and the forecasting precision of the model based on pure non-homogeneous index sequence is discussed and the affine properties of the model are further studied. Finally, one numerical case is used to show the effective results of the proposed model.     

区间粗糙数多属性决策方法

针对属性值为区间粗糙数,属性权重部分已知和属性权重未知两种情形的多属性决策问题,本文利用灰色关联分析的思想方法,构建了一种区间粗糙数多属性决策方法。本文首先利用区间粗糙数的运算法则和期望值比较,确定最优理想方案和最劣理想方案,并基于灰色关联度分析方法构建了属性权重部分已知、属性权重未知两种情形的多目标优化模型,从而确定属性权重和属性权重表达式,进而获得各方案的综合评价值和方案排序。最后以一个实例验证模型的有效性与适用性。     

区间数型多属性决策相对灰色关联分析方法及其应用

多属性决策时由于掌握的信息不充分,资料不全,加之问题本身的复杂性、不确定性以及人类思维的模糊性,其属性的精确值往往难以获取,常用区间数形式表示.针对基于"理想方案"的灰色关联分析方法存在的不足,根据TOPSIS法原理,提出一种同时考虑"理想方案"和"负理想方案"的区间数型多属性决策相对灰色关联分析法.通过一个实例说明了该方法的应用,并与其它方法进行了对比,得到的结果一致.方法同时考虑了"理想方案"和"负理想方案",概念清晰,数学推导严谨,评价值分辨率高,克服了仅考虑一种方案时排序的不相容问题,更具有客观性和合理性.     

基于截断δ-冲击模型的不完全维修更换策略

本文在截断δ-冲击模型的基础上,考虑了因系统劣化而导致的冲击失效门限值与维修时间的变化,扩充失效状态,从而提出一种新的截断δ-冲击模型。以最小费用为目标,稳态可用度为约束条件,建立N型更换策略的不完全维修更换策略模型,并给出三种常用冲击到达间隔分布的期望寿命。最后通过算例验证模型的有效性,并对参数进行灵敏度分析。     

Analytical prediction of damage in the composite part of a type-3 hydrogen storage vessel

The damage behavior of a type-3 hydrogen storage vessel is modeled. The vessel consists of a metal envelop, called liner, coated with a filament winding. The model proposed allows simulating the mechanical response of the structure to a quasi-static loading. The model is based on a meso-macro approach and takes into account the damage behavior of the composite and the elastoplastic deformation of the liner. The results obtained are compared with experimental data. Finally, the effect of stacking sequence of filament layers on the damage level in the composite is investigated.     

基于非等时距加权灰色模型与神经网络的组合预测算法

非等时距预测算法在不等时间间隔序列的趋势分析与预测方面具有重要作用．在传统灰色预测理论的基础上,提出一种基于非等时距加权灰色模型和神经网络的组合预测算法．通过构建非等时距加权灰色预测模型,将原始数据序列的平均值作为累加序列初值,将连续累积函数的积分面积作为背景值,对累加序列进行加权处理,以真实反映时间序列发展对预测结果的影响．在此基础上,引入BP神经网络对灰色预测的残差序列进行修正,进一步提高了预测精度．经算例验证,该算法预测精度达到1级,且高于类似算法．