Analysis of the spectrum of the Zn-like Kr VII ion: Highly excited 4<Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>4<Emphasis Type="Italic">d</Emphasis> and 4<Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>5<Emphasis Type="Italic">s</Emphasis> configurations

The spectrum of the Zn-like Kr VII ion, excited in a capillary discharge and recorded with a high resolution in the wavelength range of 300–1000 Å, was studied. Previously performed identification of the transitions from the levels of the 4s4f, 4s5s, 4s5p, and 4s5d configurations is confirmed and extended, and the energies of these levels are specified. The (4p ²+4s4d)?4p4d and (4p ²+4s5s)?4p5s transitions are identified for the first time, and the energies of all the levels of the 4p4d and 4p5s configurations are determined. The results of the analysis performed are confirmed by semiempirical calculations in terms of the Hartree-Fock method. These results are also shown to conform to the experimental data obtained for lighter ions of the Zn I isoelectronic sequence.     

Energy dependence of Cronin momentum in saturation model for <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis> + <Emphasis Type="Italic">A</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">A</Emphasis> + <Emphasis Type="Italic">A</Emphasis> collisions

The energy dependence of the Cronin momentum for p + A and A + A collisions in the saturation model are calculated. This dependence is consistent with simple dimensional considerations and can be used to test the validity of the saturation model. It gives the possibility to distinguish the different variants of the saturation model with precise experimental data and to measure the x dependence of the saturation momentum.     

Mechanism of charge transfer in <Emphasis Type="Italic">n</Emphasis>-CdS/<Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-CdTe heterojunctions

The capacitance-voltage and current-voltage characteristics of the n-CdS/p-CdTe heterosystem are investigated. Analysis of these characteristics demonstrates that the CdTe_1?x S _x solid solution formed at the n-CdS/p-CdTe heterointerface is inhomogeneous in both the conductivity and composition. The thickness of solid solutions is estimated from the capacitance-voltage characteristics. It is shown that, for the n-CdS/p-CdTe heterosystem, the current-voltage characteristic in the current density range 10^?8-10^?5 A cm^?2 is governed by the thermal electron emission, whereas the current in the heterostructure at current densities in the range 10^?4-10^?2 A cm^?2 is limited by recombination of charge carriers in the electroneutral region of the CdTe_1?x S _x solid solution. The lifetime and the diffusion length of minority charge carriers in the CdTe_1?x S _x solid solution and the surface recombination rate at the interface between the CdS layer and the CdTe_1?x S _x solid solution are determined. It is demonstrated that the n-CdS/p-CdTe heterostructure operates as a p-i-n structure in which CdTe is a p layer, CdTe_1?x S _x is an i layer, and CdS is an n layer.     

Multiple two-variable <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-adic <Emphasis Type="Italic">q-L</Emphasis>-function and its behavior at <Emphasis Type="Italic">s</Emphasis> = 0

The objective of this paper is to construct a multiple p-adic q-L-function of two variables which interpolates multiple generalized q-Bernoulli polynomials. By using this function, we solve a question of Kim and Cho. We also define a multiple partial q-zeta function which is related to the multiple q-L-function of two variables. Finally, we give a finite-sum representation of the multiple p-adic q-L-function of two variables and prove a multiple q-extension of the generalized formula of Diamond and Ferrero-Greenberg.     

High-pressure induced magnetoresistance in <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-InAs:Mn and <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-CdGeAs<Subscript>2</Subscript>:Mn

The baric (P ≤ 5GPa) and magnetic-field (H ≤ 5 kOe) dependences of the transverse magnetore-sistance Δρ _xx /ρ₀ have been measured for p-InAs (R _H = 22.5 cm³/C, ρ = 0.15 Ω cm) and the new ferromag-netic semiconductor p-CdGeAs₂ (R _H = 5 cm³/C, ρ = 0.62 Ω cm), doped with a magnetic impurity (Mn), near the temperature T = 297 K. The dependences Δρ _xx /ρ₀ (P, H) for p-InAs:Mn and p-CdGeAs₂:Mn exhibit a magnetoresistive effect with an increase in pressure, and a pressure-induced magnetoresistance hysteresis is observed in p-CdGeAs₂:Mn with a pressure drop.     

Tsallis <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>,<Emphasis Type="Italic">q</Emphasis>-deformed Touchard polynomials and Stirling numbers

In this paper, we develop and investigate a new two-parametrized deformation of the Touchard polynomials, based on the definition of the NEXT q-exponential function of Tsallis. We obtain new generalizations of the Stirling numbers of the second kind and of the binomial coefficients and represent two new statistics for the set partitions.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-adic Superspaces and Frobenius

The notion of a p-adic superspace is introduced and used to give a transparent construction of the Frobenius map on p-adic cohomology of a smooth projective variety over (the ring of p-adic integers), as well as an alternative construction of the crystalline cohomology of a smooth projective variety over (finite field with p elements). Partly supported by NSF grant No. DMS 0505735.     

Summary on high <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis><Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">T</Emphasis></Subscript> probes

Results on high-p _T probes shown at the Hard Probes 2008 Conference are summarized, with an appreciation of the improvements in precision of the measurements and experimental techniques since the beginning of RHIC operation. Particular attention is given to the latest measurements of the nuclear modification factor of identified particles, photon-hadron correlation measurements, and full jet reconstruction.     

Exact Results for Topological Strings on Resolved <Emphasis Type="Italic">Y</Emphasis><Superscript><Emphasis Type="Italic"> p</Emphasis>,<Emphasis Type="Italic">q</Emphasis></Superscript> Singularities

We obtain exact results in α′ for open and closed A-model topological string amplitudes on a large class of toric Calabi-Yau threefolds by using their correspondence with five dimensional gauge theories. The toric Calabi-Yaus that we analyze are obtained as minimal resolution of cones over Y ^p,q manifolds and give rise via M-theory compactification to SU(p) gauge theories on . As an application we present a detailed study of the local case and compute open and closed genus zero Gromov-Witten invariants of the orbifold. We also display the modular structure of the topological wave function and give predictions for higher genus amplitudes. The mirror curve in this case is the spectral curve of the relativistic A ₁ Toda chain. Our results also indicate the existence of a wider class of relativistic integrable systems associated to generic Y ^p,q geometries.     

Top-quark <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis><Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">T</Emphasis></Subscript>-spectra at CMS and flavor independence of <Emphasis Type="Italic">z</Emphasis>-scaling

We present new results of analysis of top-quark differential cross sections obtained by the CMS Collaboration in pp collisions in the framework of the z-scaling approach. The spectra are measured over a wide range of collision energy \(\sqrt s = 7,8,13TeV\) and transverse momentum p _T = 30?500 GeV/c of top-quark using leptonic and jet decay modes. Flavor independence of the scaling function ψ(z) is verified in the new kinematic range. The results of analysis of the top-quark spectra obtained at the LHC are compared with similar spectra measured in \(\overline p p\) collisions at the Tevatron energy \(\sqrt s = 1.96TeV\). A tendency to saturation of ψ(z) for the process at low z and a power-law behavior of ψ(z) at high z is observed. The measurements of high-p _T is observed. The measurements of highspectra of the top-quark production at highest LHC energy is of interest for verification of self-similarity of particle production, understanding flavor origin and search for new physics symmetries with top-quark probe.     

Parameterization of the spectra of configurations 3<Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>4<Emphasis Type="Italic">f</Emphasis> and 3<Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>5<Emphasis Type="Italic">f</Emphasis> of a phosphorus ion P II. Gyromagnetic ratios

In the one-configuration approximation, in the formalism of irreducible tensor operators, and in the intermediate (real) coupling scheme, numerical values of the fine-structure parameters are determined for the 3p4f and 3p5f highly excited configurations of the P II phosphorus ion with the energy-operator matrix in the LK-coupling approximation. With these values of the fine-structure parameters, the energy-operator matrix is numerically diagonalized in the LS-coupling approximation. The gyromagnetic ratios calculated in both basis sets in the absence of a field are compared with one another, as well as with their vector counterparts and the experimental g-factors available for the 3p4f configuration. The experimental and theoretical g-factors calculated with the LS basis set are in good agreement with the sole exception of the ³ F ₂ level. Note that the calculation of g-factors from the Zeeman splitting in the linear region totally confirmed their agreement with the values calculated in the LS basis set (g _LS ) in the absence of a field. The gyromagnetic ratios are the main objectives of this and previous papers, especially for configurations for which experimental data are absent. Apart from the g-factors, the specific features of Zeeman splitting (the crossings and anticrossings of magnetic components) in the 3p5f configurations were determined. These data are to be compared with results of future experiments. Comparison of gyromagnetic ratios calculated in the intermediate coupling scheme with their vector counterparts showed that most levels of the configurations studied are closer than in the LK-coupling scheme.     

Non-vacuum Bianchi types <Emphasis Type="Italic">I</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">V</Emphasis> in <Emphasis Type="Italic">f</Emphasis> (<Emphasis Type="Italic">R</Emphasis>) gravity

In a recent paper (Sharif and Shamir in Class. Quantum Grav. 26:235020, 2009), we have studied the vacuum solutions of Bianchi types I and V spacetimes in the framework of metric f (R) gravity. Here we extend this work to perfect fluid solutions. For this purpose, we take stiff matter to find energy density and pressure of the universe. In particular, we find two exact solutions in each case which correspond to two models of the universe. The first solution gives a singular model while the second solution provides a non-singular model. The physical behavior of these models has been discussed using some physical quantities. Also, the function of the Ricci scalar is evaluated.     

Powerful diode nanosecond current opening switch made of <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-silicon (<Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-SOS)

The nanosecond semiconductor diode-based opening switch (SOS-diode) capable of switching currents with densities up to several tens of kiloamperes per cubic centimeter represents a p⁺p’Nn⁺ silicon structure fabricated by the deep simultaneous diffusion doping (to about 200 μm) of n-Si by Al and B from one side and P from the other. In the SOS mode, first a short pulse of forward current passes through the diode and then a fast-growing pulse of reverse voltage is applied. A resulting pulse of reverse current carries away injected holes and thereby forms a plasma front in the p’ layer, which moves toward the p’N junction. When the hole concentration in the flow exceeds the dopant concentration in the p’ layer, a space charge region arises in this layer, the resistivity of the diode increases sharply, and the current switches to a load connected parallel to the diode. Early results concerning an alternative configuration of the SOS diode are presented. Here, the diode was made by the rapid simultaneous diffusion of B and P from the opposite sides of a p-Si wafer to a depth of 60-80 μm. If a short pulse of forward current is passed through such a p⁺pn⁺ structure and a pulse of reverse voltage is then applied, a plasma front arising in the p⁺ region moves toward the p⁺p interface through the heavily doped (i.e., low-resistivity) p⁺ region. Having crossed this interface, the front passes into a low-doped region, where the hole concentration in the flow becomes much higher than the dopant concentration and a space charge region causing the current to pass to the load forms at once. It is shown experimentally that, all other things being the same, the time of current breaking in the p-SOS-diode is roughly twice as short as in the conventional n-SOS-diode, switched currents are considerably lower, and the fabrication technique of p-SOS-diodes is much simpler. Ways of optimizing the design of the semiconductor structure of the p-SOS-diode to further raise the speed are outlined.     

Recent high-<Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis><Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">T</Emphasis></Subscript> results from STAR

We present selected recent results of multi-hadron correlation measurements in azimuth and pseudorapidity at intermediate and high p _T in Au+Au collisions at , from the STAR experiment at RHIC. At intermediate p _T , measurements are presented that attempt to determine the origin of the associated near-side (small Δφ) yield at large pseudo-rapidity difference Δη that is found to be present in heavy ion collisions. In addition, results are reported on new multi-hadron correlation measures at high-p _T that use di-hadron triggers and multi-hadron cluster triggers with the goal to constrain the underlying jet kinematics better than in the existing measurements of inclusive spectra and di-hadron correlations.     

A semiempirical calculation of the fine and Zeeman structure of 4<Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>4<Emphasis Type="Italic">f</Emphasis> and 4<Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>5<Emphasis Type="Italic">f</Emphasis> configurations of Ge I. Gyromagnetic ratios

The gyromagnetic ratios (g-factors) belong to the most important characteristics of atoms. For the 4p4f configuration of a germanium atom experimental values of g-factors are available only for four levels, while similar experimental data on the 4p5f configuration of Ge I are absent. Therefore, a theoretical study of the fine and Zeeman structures is topical for determining the gyromagnetic ratios. All the calculations are performed in the one-configuration approximation with the energy-operator matrix containing a maximum possible number of interactions, including magnetic: spin-orbit (own and other), spin-spin, and also orbitorbit interaction. The fine structure has been examined in three (LS, LK, and jK) approximations in order to establish the nature of coupling in the systems studied and the reliability of g-factors. Apart from the g-factors, in studying the Zeeman splitting, its specific features—the crossing and anticrossing fields of magnetic components— have been determined. A comparative analysis of g-factors was performed that showed that our results are in agreement with the available, albeit few in number, experimental data. At all stages, the corresponding energy-operator matrices were numerically diagonalized, i.e., all the results presented in the paper were obtained in the intermediate coupling scheme.     

Fermion superfluid with hybridized <Emphasis Type="Italic">s</Emphasis>- and <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-wave pairings

Ever since the pioneering work of Bardeen, Cooper and Schrieffer in the 1950s, exploring novel pairing mechanisms for fermion superfluids has become one of the central tasks in modern physics. Here, we investigate a new type of fermion superfluid with hybridized s- and p-wave pairings in an ultracold spin-1/2 Fermi gas. Its occurrence is facilitated by the co-existence of comparable s- and p-wave interactions, which is realizable in a two-component ⁴⁰K Fermi gas with close-by s- and p-wave Feshbach resonances. The hybridized superfluid state is stable over a considerable parameter region on the phase diagram, and can lead to intriguing patterns of spin densities and pairing fields in momentum space. In particular, it can induce a phase-locked p-wave pairing in the fermion species that has no p-wave interactions. The hybridized nature of this novel superfluid can also be confirmed by measuring the s- and p-wave contacts, which can be extracted from the high-momentum tail of the momentum distribution of each spin component. These results enrich our knowledge of pairing superfluidity in Fermi systems, and open the avenue for achieving novel fermion superfluids with multiple partial-wave scatterings in cold atomic gases.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">f</Emphasis>(<Emphasis Type="Italic">R</Emphasis>) Cosmology from <Emphasis Type="Italic">q</Emphasis>-theory

From a macroscopic theory of the quantum vacuum in terms of conserved relativistic charges (generically denoted by q ^(a) with label a), we have obtained, in the low-energy limit, a particular type of f(R) model relevant to cosmology. The macroscopic quantum-vacuum theory allows us to distinguish between different phenomenological f(R) models on physical grounds. The text was submitted by the authors in English.     

Ferromagnetism and ferroelectricity in Eu<Emphasis Type="Italic">X</Emphasis> (<Emphasis Type="Italic">X</Emphasis> = <Emphasis Type="Italic">O</Emphasis>, <Emphasis Type="Italic">S</Emphasis>): pressure effects

Ferromagnetism and ferroelectricity in Eu monochalcogenides have been investigated by ab initio density functional theory in the DFT+U approach. Exchange interaction parameters and Curie temperatures under pressure are studied and discussed using Heisenberg Hamiltonian with first and second-nearest-neighbor interactions. The calculations showed that the hydrostatic pressure perfectly improves the Curie temperature (EuO: T _C = 175 K; EuS: T _C = 33.8 K) and in the other hand it cannot induce the spontaneous polarization (P _s ). The effect of uniaxial and biaxial pressure is also studied. Although the uniaxial strains slightly increases the Curie temperature, it ensures the ferrolectricity in these systems by producing a spontaneous polarization of the order of P _s (EuO) = 57.50 μC/cm² and P _s (EuS) = 42.86 μC/cm² with pressures of 5% and 4%, respectively. The search for new model systems is a necessity to better understand the physics related to multiferroïc materials and to consider possible applications.     

(<Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis> + 1)-Algebra for a super <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-brane: the Nambu bracket reformulation

We express the covariant actions of a super p-brane and the corresponding equations of motion, in flat and curved superspaces, in terms of the Nambu (p + 1)-brackets. These brackets make the (p + 1)-algebra structure of a super p-brane manifest. For the flat superspace, this reconstruction of the action also allows reformulating it in terms of two sets of differential forms.