危机应对术

回忆去年的情况，用一段比较流行的话来说，基本上眼睛一闭一睁，发现世界变了，箭头的方向变了，指标的颜色变了，公司的形势变了，经营业绩变了。     

因材施教、分类指导 全面提高计算技术达标水平

我校建筑经济设置的计算课程，按照教学大刚要求，珠算技术达标水平由原来的普通六级提高到五普通级，这就为教学工作提出了新的要求，增加了教学难度，为此，经过教学实践摸索，进行了因材施教．分类指导．普遍提高的教学方法的尝试，收到了较好的效果。     

一节精彩的“几何概型”公开课

有幸听到了一节几何概型的公开课，学生配合默契投入，课堂气氛和谐愉快，师生互动风落水上。自然成纹，听课教师如沐春风，耳目一新，更坚定了我们开展探究性学习的信心．这节课通过学生自主学习、主动思考、合作交流、归纳总结，使学生对知识的发生、发展有了切身的感受和清晰的理解，同时也提高了课堂效率，培养了学生的创新能力和实践能力，学生的才智和各种潜能也得到了充分的展示和发挥．     

数学王国历险记

却说众人历尽千辛万苦，终于找到了藏宝处，小兀得到了一个万能调动仪，而三位牧人也找到了他们家的祖传遗产——一个铜盒子。就在小π、小e和小s认真阅读万能调动仪的使用说明书的同时，三位牧人也迫不及待地打开了那个铜盒子，只见里面有几张单据和一封信，牧人们赶紧翻看起来，刚一看完，三人就一起大哭起来．小兀忙问怎么了，牧人们说出一段原委，小靠等人也感到唏嘘不已，只得安慰他们道：“好哥哥，现在的大局是营救孙悟空，待我们解决了这个大问题，然后大家共同商量，我想哥哥们的问题，肯定会有解决办法的．”     

柔中带刚，推陈出新，与新课程接轨——对2008年高考试题（湖北卷）的分析

2008年湖北高考数学试卷贯彻了《考试大纲》和《补充说明》的考试要求，融入了新课程理念，较好的体现了“平稳中重基础、朴实中显特色”的命题思想．全卷题型布局稳中求变，选择题、填空题坡度适当，解答题难易适中，应用题新旧兼顾，探究能力动态考查，合情推测之中隐含着深刻的数学背景．与2007年相比，笔者认为命题更加成熟、规范，正视了文理科考生的差异，合理的设计了文理科试卷的难度系数，     

碾压混凝土坝层面影响带渐变规律分析模型

针对碾压混凝土坝层面影响带具有渐变特性，基于复合材料分析思想，利用串联和并联模型，建立了碾压混凝土坝层面影响带渐变规律分析模型；并根据模型的不同状况，提出了，确定层面影响带厚度瞬时弹性模量、延迟弹性模量以及粘性系数等的方法，揭示了决定层面影响带性质的主要计算参数的渐变规律，表征了层面的渐变特性；在上述研究的基础上，建立了相应的三维粘弹性分析模型，研制了相应的各部分分析程序；实例表明，提出的确定层面影响带主要计算参数的方法以及建立的分析模型比较好地反映了碾压混凝土坝的工作性态。     

指数平均Bezier曲线族

利用指数平均族与Bezier曲线结合定义了指数平均Bezier曲线族．首先研究了指数平均族，阐述了指数平均族的单调性和正规性，其次由Bernstein函数定义得到n次s阶指数平均Bernstein函数，讨论了它与函数f之间的关系，最后，研究指数平均Bezier曲线族的性质，讨论了它的升阶，de casteljan算法，分割定理等．     

素数阶循环图和经典Ramsey数R（4，n）的三个新下界

研究了素数阶循环圈的基本性质，提出了寻求有效参数构造正则循环圈的新方法，得到了3个经典Ramsey数的新下界：R（4，17）≥164，R（4，18）≥182，R（4，22）≥282．这前2个结果填补了关于Ramsey数综述[2]的上下界表中的2个空白，第3个结果超过了目前已知的最好下界R（4，22）≥258，     

由2008年高考数学卷引起的思考及启示——半个多月来的部分来稿综述（续完）

3对高考题的解法的研究 还有一大批来稿属于奇思妙解．解法研究类，读来也给人以启发，至少，它们给我们提供了一个并非常规的思路，或者对一些常规解法进行了深入地分析，指出了要注意的细节，澄清了一些不清晰的思想．对此也介绍如下：     

关于C_0半群渐近展开的几点注记(英文)

本文考察了Ｃ０半群渐近展开的一些成立条件，得到了一个较一般的结果，最后，给出了它在中子迁移方程中的应用，     

Eurodollar futures pricing in log-normal interest rate models in discrete time

We demonstrate the appearance of explosions in three quantities in interest rate models with log-normally distributed rates in discrete time. (1) The expectation of the money market account in the Black, Derman, Toy model, (2) the prices of Eurodollar futures contracts in a model with log-normally distributed rates in the terminal measure and (3) the prices of Eurodollar futures contracts in the one-factor log-normal Libor market model (LMM). We derive exact upper and lower bounds on the prices and on the standard deviation of the Monte Carlo pricing of Eurodollar futures in the one factor log-normal Libor market model. These bounds explode at a non-zero value of volatility, and thus imply a limitation on the applicability of the LMM and on its Monte Carlo simulation to sufficiently low volatilities.     

Epi-convergence almost surely, in probability and in distribution

The paper deals with an epi-convergence of random real functions defined on a topological space. We follow the idea due to Vogel (1994) to split the epi-convergence into the lower semicontinuous approximation and the epi-upper approximation and localize them onto a given set. The approximations are shown to be connected to the miss- resp. hit-part of the ordinary Fell topology on sets. We introduce two procedures, called “localization”, separately for the miss-topology and the hit-topology on sets. Localization of the miss- resp. hit-part of the Fell topology on sets allows us to give a suggestion how to define the approximations in probability and in distribution. It is shown in the paper that in case of the finite-dimensional Euclidean space, the suggested approximations in probability coincide with the definition from Vogel and Lachout (2003). The research has been partially supported by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft under grant No. 436TSE113/40, by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic under Project MSM 113200008 and by the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic under grant No. 201/03/1027.     

Disjointness in hypercyclicity

We introduce a notion of disjointness for finitely many hypercyclic operators acting on a common space, notion that is weaker than Furstenberg's disjointness of fluid flows. We provide a criterion to construct disjoint hypercyclic operators, that generalizes some well-known connections between the Hypercyclicity Criterion, hereditary hypercyclicity and topological mixing to the setting of disjointness in hypercyclicity. We provide examples of disjoint hypercyclic operators for powers of weighted shifts on a Hilbert space and for differentiation operators on the space of entire functions on the complex plane.     

Influence of friction in material characterization in microindentation measurement

A comprehensive computational study is undertaken to identify the influence of friction in material characterization by indentation measurement based on elasto- plastic solids. The impacts of friction on load versus indentation depth curve, and the values of calculated hardness and Young’s modulus in conical and spherical indentations are shown in this paper. The results clearly demonstrate that, for some elasto-plastic materials, the curves of load versus indentation depth obtained either by spherical or conical indenters with different friction coefficients, cannot be distinguished. However, if utilizing the parameter β (see text for details), to quantify the deformation of piling-up or sinking-in, it is easy to find that the influence of friction on piling-up or sinking-in in indentation is significant. Therefore, the material parameters which are related to the projected area will also have a large error caused by the influence of friction. The maximum differences on hardness and Young’s modulus can reach 14.59% and 6.78%, respectively, for some elastic materials shown in this paper. These results do not agree with those from researchers who stated that the instrumented indentation experiments are not significantly affected by friction.     

Scheduling batches in flowshop with limited buffers in the shampoo industry

In this paper we address the problem of planning a temporary storage area in a real production system. This temporary storage area is composed of parallel temporary storage units with distinct capacities. The storage operation of a job, also called a batch, has to answer time restrictions such as release dates, due dates, restricted family dependent setup times and time lags, and also a space constraint which is the capacity of the temporary storage unit. The goal is to schedule the batches on the storage units in order to minimize the total setup times and the maximum lateness. First, we model the problem on a single storage unit as a two-machine flowshop problem with a limited buffer capacity and we show that it is NP-hard. We also show that the particular case in which no lateness is allowed is solvable in polynomial time under special conditions on the buffer capacity, both for single or parallel temporary storage units. Next we provide three heuristics: a greedy algorithm, a hybrid heuristic based on Ant Colony Optimization and Simulated Annealing and finally a dedicated heuristic. The latter strongly exploits the structural properties shown in this paper. We provide experimental results which highlight the efficiency of the dedicated heuristic in comparison with the two other heuristics.     

Introducing technology in algebra in Hong Kong: addressing issues in learning

A review of recent studies in Hong Kong suggests that possible problems in secondary school algebra may be due to the procedural paradigm orientation in the curriculum and the conventional style of teaching in the classroom which do not provide sufficient opportunities for students to develop conceptual understanding. Based on the works of a number of projects in the West, it is hypothesized that the introduction of technology in lessons which embody a cognitive model in their design and delivery will provide a viable alternative for enhancing algebraic thinking. The key features of the cognitive model are concrete preparation, cognitive conflict, construction, metacognition and bridging, imbedded in a ‘mediation’ style of teaching. These features are exemplified by detailed accounts of classroom episodes from a Hong Kong lesson supported by the use of graphics calculators. Results indicate that while the approach places particular demands on teachers (a tension between a transmission style of teaching and mediating) there is real potential for supporting more dynamic student constructions.     

Numerical Simulation of Anisotropy Directions in Soft Tissues and in Particular in Skin

Orientation of collagen fibers and their spatial distribution predefine macroscopic mechanical properties of the soft tissue and in particular its anisotropy directions. In this contribution, we apply two different procedures to automatically generate these directions for a 3D FE-model. The first procedure is based on an analogy with a heat conduction problem. Accordingly, a thermal flux under certain temperature boundary conditions is calculated by the same FE model and is further utilized for the definition of the anisotropy directions. The numerical result shows good agreement with Langer's lines data in human skin. Within the second procedure, the fiber vector field is calculated by the Laplacian smoothing method based on the user defined fiber direction sketches. (© 2013 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Mathematics in Children's Thinking

The human mind inevitably comprehends the world in mathematical terms (among others). Children's informal and invented mathematics contains on an implicit level many of the mathematical ideas that teachers want to promote on a formal and explicit level. These ideas may be innate, constructed for the purpose of adaptation, or picked up from an environment that is rich in mathematical structure, regardless of culture. Teachers should attempt to uncover the mathematical ideas contained in their students' thinking because much, but not all, of the mathematics curriculum is immanent in children's informal and invented knowledge. This mathematical perspective requires a focus not only on the child's constructive process but also on the mathematical content underlying the child's thinking. Teachers then can use these crude ideas as a foundation on which to construct a significant portion of classroom pedagogy. In doing this, teachers should recognize that children's invented strategies are not an end in themselves. Instead, the ultimate goal is to facilitate children's progressive mathematization of their immanent ideas. Children need to understand mathematics in deep, formal, and conventional ways.     

High-performance computer simulation of wave processes in geological media in seismic exploration

A class of problems arising in seismic exploration are investigated, namely, seismic signal propagation in multilayered geological rock and near-surface disturbance propagation in massive rock with heterogeneities, such as empty or filled fractures and cavities. Numerical solutions are obtained for wave propagation in such highly heterogeneous media, including those taking into account the plastic properties of the rock, which can be manifested near a seismic gap or a wellbore. All types of explosion-generated elastic and elastoplastic waves and waves reflected from fractures and the boundaries of the integration domain are analyzed. The identification of waves in seismograms recorded with near-surface receivers is addressed. The grid-characteristic method is used on triangular, parallelepipedal, and tetrahedral meshes with boundary conditions set on the rock-fracture interface and on free surfaces in explicit form. The numerical method proposed is suitable for the study of the interaction between seismic waves and heterogeneous inclusions, since it ensures the most correct design of computational algorithms on the boundaries of the integration domain and at media interfaces. A parallel software code implemented with the help of OpenMP and MPI was used to execute computations on parallelepipedal and tetrahedral grids.     

Ten years in Hilbert space

This is a report on progress in the theory of single operators in the 1970's. It is based for the most part, but not exclusively, on ten problems in Hilbert space posed in 1970 [21]; it reports which of those problems have been solved and what the solutions are. It reports some closely related results also, notably those of Apostol, Foia, and Voiculescu on the spectral characterization of non-quasitriangular operators, Scott Brown on invariant subspaces of subnormal operators, Gambler on invariant subspaces of some Toeplitz operators, Kriete and Trutt on the subnormality of the Cesàro operator, and Lomonosov on hyperinvariant subspaces of compact operators.A compressed version of this survey was given as a lecture to the Special Session on C-algebras and Operator Theory at the San Antonio meeting of the American Mathematical Society in January 1980. The writing of the paper was supported in part by a grant from the National Science Foundation.