A Tandem Mirror Coil Design to Reduce Radial Losses

A simple modification of a standard tandem mirror coil design is shown to significantly improve the radial confinement of particles without sacrificing interchange stability. In the new design, the local departure of the particle drift surfaces from the vacuum flux surface is small everywhere, thereby reducing radial particle losses. This is achieved by adjusting the coil parameters to approximate the transport-minimizing magnetic field profiles of Myra et al. near the magnetic axis. Using this technique as a guide, a family of coil configurations is studied. It is shown that reducing the elliptical fanning of the flux surfaces on the inboard side of each quadrupole anchor leads to a great reduction in the radial transport.     

Acoustic Response of Multilayer Biostructures to Laser Irradiation and the Possibility of Using It in Surgery and Diagnostics

Aspects of the destructive action of short laser pulses on multilayer biological structures are considered theoretically. The proposed mechanisms of destruction of the native structure are cavitation, explosive evaporation, and thermocoagulation. The parameters (power and duration) of laser radiation pulses ( = 534 nm, controlling which one can choose the character of the destructive (from mechanical to pure thermal) action on the skin, have been calculated. The possibility of early diagnostics of pigmented tumors by the parameters of the hydroacoustic response of the medium is shown.     

Experimental Investigations of a Possibility of Determining the Physical and Electrophysical Properties of Multilayer Media Using Radiowave Tomography

Russian Physics Journal - A method for determination of electrophysical parameters of multilayer media using multiangle georadar detection and ranging in the mode of a common midpoint (CMP) is...     

用脉管制冷机作为低温泵冷源的可行性分析

首先简要的介绍脉管制冷机的发展历史 ,现有的一些类型 ,列出一些产品的具体性能参数 (包括所能达到的最低温度 ,制冷量等 )。然后根据制冷机低温泵现有的技术 ,通过比较来综合说明选择脉管制冷机来替代其它小型低温制冷机的可能性及优势 ,得出结论 ,脉管制冷机用作低温泵冷源是可行的     

ADS中子源散裂靶物理研究

运用蒙卡程序DCM CEM对ADS标准散裂中子靶进行了计算研究.计算了在0.1~1.6GeV的质子轰击下,标准Pb靶发生散裂反应产生的泄漏中子产额及分布、中子能谱以及靶内能量沉积分布.计算结果与文献理论数据、实验数据进行了比较.     

Optimization of Multilayer Photonic Structures using Artificial Neural Networks to Obtain a Target Optical Response

JETP Letters - A new deep machine learning method is proposed for the task of selecting the parameters of a multilayer photonic structure to obtain a target optical spectrum of the reflection...     

同质异能靶核的中子核反应计算

基于光学模型和带宽度涨落修正的Hauser-Feshbach理论编写了程序OMHFISO, 该程序适用于计算靶核处于同质异能态并且入射粒子能量小于5MeV的核反应, 入射粒子和出射粒子均可以是n,p,d,t,³He和⁴He 6种.迄今还很少有人计算过同质异能靶核的全套核数据.利用程序UNF, OMHFISO以及DWUCK4计算了不稳定同位素⁹⁰Rb和^{91,93,96,97,98}Y的同质异能靶核在入射粒子能量低于20.0MeV的全套中子反应数据, 并且得到了合理的结果.     

Design and Fabrication of Ni/Ti Multilayer for Neutron Supermirror

In the applications of neutron guides and focusing devices, by using the Ni/Ti multilayer supermirrors （SM）, the neutron flux is significantly enhanced, because the critical reflective angle of supermirrors increases m times compared to the one of natural bulk Ni. We design and fabricate the Ni/Ti multilayer supermirrors by considering the effect of the interfacial imperfection, such as interface roughness and diffusion, and by using the direct current magnetron sputtering technology. The reflective performances of these supermirrors are measured on a V14 neutron beam line at the Berlin Neutron Scattering Centre （BENSC）, Germany. The measurement data suggest that the critical angles of the supermirrors are 1.5 and 2.2 times that of bulk Ni, respectively.     

Quasi-Cherenkov Mechanism of Radiation from Relativistic Electrons Flying near a Multilayer Prism Target

JETP Letters - The angular characteristics of millimeter radiation generated by a 6.1-MeV electron beam flying near a multilayer prism target consisting of conducting plates separated by vacuum...     

高压倍加器靶单元组件对源中子能谱影响研究

靶单元组件对中子有散射和吸收作用,与入射粒子也会发生反应,因此高压倍加器中子场在空间的分布除了由反应本身的角分布决定外,还受到靶单元组件的影响。实验利用飞行时间法测量了高压倍加器T(d,n)4He 中子源产生的实际中子场,测量角度为0°~95°,共8 个角度,采用伴随 粒子法对入射束流进行归一。借助蒙特卡罗方法模拟实验过程和靶单元组件等对中子场分布的影响,将实验结果同模拟计算得到的结果进行了比较与分析,为高压倍加器相关实验布局的合理布置和靶单元组件的优化提供了一定的依据。The spatial distribution of neutron field for the High Voltage Multiple Accelerator (HVMA) is not only determined by the angular distribution of the reaction itself, but also affected by scattering and absorption of the target unit. Meanwhile, undesired nuclear reactions of the incoming ions with the target and self-target build-up may contribute to this neutron background, which disturbs the primary neutron field. The spatial distribution of actual neutron field generated by T(d, n)4He on HVMA was measured using the flight-time method. The neutron emission energy spectra were measured at 8 different angles from 0° to 95°. The results were monitored by the accompanying-particle method. TARGET and MCNP (Monte Carlo simulation process) programs were used to simulate the experiment. The results of simulated calculation were compared with the experimental data. The analyzed results will give some qualitative and quantitative conclusions for target unit optimizing and provide some foundational works for physical measurement in HVMA.     

与散裂中子靶物理相关的理论计算程序探讨 II厚靶计算

散裂中子靶是加速器驱动洁净核能系统的一个重要环节.相关的理论计算程序和蒙特 卡罗方法是研究该系统的散裂靶物理的一个重要手段.对相关程序进行了比对和介绍,并对SHIELD程序系统在中国的发展和在散裂靶物理上的应用作了介绍.     

Calculation of Spectra of Neutrons and Charged Particles Produced in a Target of a Neutron Generator

An algorithm for calculating the spectra of neutrons and associated charged particles produced in the target of a neutron generator is detailed. The products of four nuclear reactions ³H(d,n)⁴He, ²H(d,n)³He, ²H(d,p)³H, and ³He(d,p)⁴He are analyzed. The results of calculations are presented in the form of neutron spectra for several emission angles and spectra of associated charged particles emitted at an angle of 180° for a deuteron initial energy of 0.13 MeV.     

Study of Light Neutron-Rich Nuclei Using a Multilayer Semiconductor Setup

The characteristics of two modifications of the semiconductor (s.c.d.) setup consisting of telescopes on the basis of silicon detectors are presented. These settings allow performing a precision measurement of energy in a large dynamic range (from a few to hundreds of MeV) and particle identification in a wide range of masses. The issues of measurement of the characteristics of s.c.d. telescopes and their impact on the quality of the obtained experimental data are considered. Considerable attention is paid to the use of created semiconductor devices for the search for and spectroscopy of light exotic nuclei on the accelerators of PNPI (Gatchina) and LANL (Los Alamos).     

与散裂中子靶物理相关的理论计算程序探讨I薄靶计算

利用中能强流质子加速器形成的散裂中子源作为外加中子源驱动次临界反应堆的洁净核能系统是目前国际上的一个研究热点 .散裂中子源是这个系统的一个重要部分 ,也是一个急需解决的重点.有关散裂靶物理的理论计算程序的建立和基准检验是目前工作的一个重点.The research for intermediate energy proton accelerator driven radiologically clean nuclear power system has attracted considerable attention. The spallation neutron source induced by intermediate energy proton nucleus interaction is a key point and has not solved yet for the transmutation and applications. The theoretical programs related to the spallation neutron source for accelerator driven system (ADS) are discussed at present work.     

Testing of a Code for the Calculation of Spectra of Neutrons Produced in a Target of a Neutron Generator

The correctness of calculations performed with the SRIANG code for modeling the spectra of DT neutrons is estimated by comparing the obtained spectra to the results of calculations carried out with five different codes based on the Monte Carlo method.     

厚靶D（d,n）^3He反应加速器中子源的产额、能谱和角分布

给出一种计算氘钛厚靶D(d,n)3He反应加速器中子源的产额、能谱和角分布的方法,并发展了一个计算机模拟程序,程序能够计算氘束流能量小于1.0 MeV的中子源的产额、能谱和角分布.计算时使用推荐的D(d,n)3He反应截面数据和来自SRIM-2003程序的氘在氘钛靶中的阻止本领数据.给出一些典型计算结果,包括中子积分产额、中子能谱和角分布.     

Design, Fabrication and Measurement of Ni/Ti Multilayer Used for Neutron Monochromator

Ni/Ti multilayers, which can be used for neutron monochromators, are designed, fabricated and measured. Firstly, their reflectivities are simulated based on the Nevot-Croce model. Reflectivities of two Ni/Ti multilayer mirrors with periods d = 10.3 nm （M1） and d = 7.8 nm （M2） are calculated. In the calculation, the reflectivity of the Ni/Ti multilayer is taken as a function of the gazing angle with different roughness factors δ =1.0 nm and = 1.5 nm. Secondly, these two multilayers are fabricated by the direct current magnetron sputtering technology. Thirdly their structures are characterized by small-angle x-ray diffraction. The roughness factors are fitted to be 0.68 nm and 1.16nm for M1 and M2, respectively. Finally their reflective performances are measured on the V14 neutron beam line at the Berlin Neutron Scattering Centre （BENSC）, Germany. The experimental data show that the grazing angle of the reflected neutron intensity peak increases, but the reflected neutron intensity decreases, with the decreasing periods of the multilayers.     

Possibility of Creating a 62.6 nm Frequency Standard in Helium Using Stimulated Raman Scattering

Optics and Spectroscopy - The possibility of creating a frequency standard at the forbidden transition $${{2}^{3}}S{\kern 1pt} - {\kern 1pt} {{1}^{1}}S$$ (62.6 nm) of a helium atom using stimulated...