关于一维相对论振子

本文用求解相对论振子运动方程的方法,不仅得出了R.Penfield和H.Zatzkis从能量守恒原理出发推得的振子位置、振子速度与时间的关系式,且还得到了一个较之更一般(即不必附加t值甚大条件)的关系式。     

附加非线性振子的双稳态电磁式振动能量捕获器动力学特性研究

随着微机电科技的进步,利用环境振动进行系统自供电已经成为目前非线性动力学研究的热点.将质量-弹簧-阻尼系统与双稳态振动能量捕获系统相结合,提出了附加非线性振子的双稳态电磁式振动能量捕获器,建立系统的力学模型及控制方程.通过数值仿真研究了简谐激励下质量比和调频比发生变化时附加非线性振子的双稳态电磁式振动能量捕获器的动力学响应.通过与附加线性振子双稳态系统的对比,获得了上述参数对附加非线性振子的双稳态电磁式振动能量捕获器发生大幅运动的影响规律,显示出附加非线性振子的双稳态电磁式振动能量捕获器的优越性,并获得了附加非线性振子的双稳态电磁式振动能量捕获器发生连续大幅混沌运动的最优参数配合.上述研究结果为双稳态电磁式振动能量捕获系统的相关研究提供了理论基础.     

势阱深度对双稳态电磁发电系统发电性能的影响研究

电磁式振动能量捕获技术从单稳态系统发展到多稳态系统,拓宽了响应频带,增大了输出电压,能够获得较好的发电性能.以附加线性振子的双稳态电磁式振动能量捕获器为研究对象,主要研究了势阱深度对双稳态系统发电性能的影响,并基于最优发电性能下的势阱深度,研究了双稳态系统结构参数中质量比与调频比对系统发电性能的影响.通过数值仿真结果说明,在外部激励频率为低频时:势阱深度较大时,双稳态系统的振子只能在一个阱内发生小幅振动运动;当势阱深度小到一定程度时,双稳态系统的振子跨过势垒在两个阱间内发生大幅混沌运动或周期运动,其优于小幅振动运动时的平均输出功率.通过数值模拟,得到双稳态系统具有较高的发电性能下的最优质量比、调频比以及阻尼比参数.     

海洋立管双模态动力学分岔分析

为研究剪切流作用下顶张力立管的涡激振动响应规律,将立管简化为Euler-Bernoulli梁模型,用van der Pol尾流振子描述流体的作用,建立了立管涡激振动的非线性动力学模型.基于二阶Galerkin模态离散所得常微分方程组,采用谐波平衡法、Poincaré映射方法和Lyapunov指数法分析系统响应特点.研究结果表明:随着流速的增加,系统响应在周期运动和概周期运动间多次转换,其中周期解区域对应系统的涡激共振区;谐波平衡法结果能够较准确地预测涡激共振区周期解的振幅和频率,以及非涡激共振区概周期解的主要频率成分.     

基于非线性能量阱的双频激励非线性系统减振

针对某型民用航空发动机双频带激励特点,建立了单自由度线性振子耦合非线性能量阱（nonlinear energy sink,NES）的动力学模型.根据典型双转子发动机在巡航状态下低、高特征频率比（1∶4.74）,为系统设定双频带简谐外激励.利用四阶Runge-Kutta算法,研究了耦合NES振子时系统的振动抑制特征,并从外激励频率对系统主振子动能、系统总体能量的影响等方面,与未耦合NES系统、耦合线性动力吸振器两种情况下的数值计算结果进行对比分析.研究结果表明NES对双频带外激励具有更好的振动抑制效果,用NES降低航空发动机振动有可行性.     

与相对论Boltzmann方程中的输运算子有关的紧性

该文给出了一个与相对论Boltzmann方程中的输运算子有关的紧性的结果，它是一个类似于DiPerna和Lions在非相对论情况下给出的紧性的结果的推广，在研究相对论Boltzmann方程中起着很重要的作用．     

碰撞Hamiltonian系统的无穷小周期解

本文通过适当的坐标变换将碰撞振子的相平面转变为全平面,应用Poincaré-Birkhoff扭转定理,证明了在原点附近超线性碰撞振子的无穷多弹性周期解的存在性,从而推广了已有的结果.     

渐近线性碰撞振子的不变环面

利用后继映射和推广的Moser扭转定理证明了渐近线性碰撞振子的不变环面和拟周期解的存在性.     

耦合Van der Pol-Duffing振子的强共振分叉解

本文用多尺度方法研究了一非线性耦合Ｖａｒ ｄｅｒ Ｐｏｌ－Ｄｕｆｆｉｎｇ振子在强共振情形下的分叉解,研究表明,当分叉参数取不同值时,此系统将出现单个振子的周期运动、两个振子的锁频分叉运动和拟周期分叉运动,同时,本文也给出一些数值结果,以验证理论的正确性。     

具有频率依赖性耦合的神经振子群相响应同步

考虑频率依赖性耦合神经振子群在外部谐波刺激下的动力学模型,引入相位概率密度函数导出序参数的演化方程.数值模拟结果表明,当固有频率的众数较低时,频率依赖性耦合对神经振子群相响应同步无显著影响;而当固有频率的众数较高时,频率依赖性神经振子群在外部弱刺激下几乎达到完全相位同步,随着刺激强度的增加转为无规则的振荡,最终达到同步周期振荡.     

Global smooth solutions to relativistic Euler-Poisson equations with repulsive force

In this paper, we are concerned with the global existence of smooth solutions for the one dimen- sional relativistic Euler-Poisson equations： Combining certain physical background, the relativistic Euler-Poisson model is derived mathematically. By using an invariant of Lax＇s method, we will give a sufficient condition for the existence of a global smooth solution to the one-dimensional Euler-Poisson equations with repulsive force.     

Characteristic decompositions and boundary value problems for two‐dimensional steady relativistic Euler equations

In this paper, we investigate Goursat problems, and mixed initial and boundary value problems for the two‐dimensional steady relativistic Euler equations. The global existence of classical solutions to these problems are obtained by using the characteristic decomposition method. Some applications of these results in supersonic flow in two‐dimensional ducts and the two‐dimensional relativistic jet are discussed. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

On the Steady State Relativistic Euler-Poisson Equations

We are concerned with the mathematical analysis of the relativistic Euler-Poisson equations in one dimensional case. The existence and uniqueness of the related smooth steady state solutions are proved. The non-relativistic limit and zero-relaxation limit of the model as well as their convergence rates are also obtained.     

Stable Ground States for the Relativistic Gravitational Vlasov–Poisson System

We consider the three dimensional gravitational Vlasov–Poisson (GVP) system in both classical and relativistic cases. The classical problem is subcritical in the natural energy space and the stability of a large class of ground states has been derived by various authors. The relativistic problem is critical and displays finite time blow up solutions. Using standard concentration compactness techniques, we however show that the breaking of the scaling symmetry allows the existence of stable relativistic ground states. A new feature in our analysis which applies both to the classical and relativistic problem is that the orbital stability of the ground states does not rely as usual on an argument of uniqueness of suitable minimizers—which is mostly unknown—but on strong rigidity properties of the transport flow, and this extends the class of minimizers for which orbital stability is now proved.     

Smoothing effects for classical solutions of the relativistic Landau-Maxwell system

The relativistic Landau-Maxwell system is one of the most fundamental and complete models for describing the dynamics of a dilute hot plasma in which particles interact through Coulomb collisions and their self-consistent electromagnetic field. In this work, we prove that the classical solutions obtained by Strain and Guo become immediately smooth with respect to all variable under the extra assumption of the electromagnetic field. As a by-product, we also prove that the classical solutions to the relativistic Landau-Poisson system and the relativistic Landau equation have the same property without any extra assumption.     

Dynamic stability of the three‐dimensional axisymmetric Navier‐Stokes equations with swirl

In this paper, we study the dynamic stability of the three‐dimensional axisymmetric Navier‐Stokes Equations with swirl. To this purpose, we propose a new one‐dimensional model that approximates the Navier‐Stokes equations along the symmetry axis. An important property of this one‐dimensional model is that one can construct from its solutions a family of exact solutions of the three‐dimensionaFinal Navier‐Stokes equations. The nonlinear structure of the one‐dimensional model has some very interesting properties. On one hand, it can lead to tremendous dynamic growth of the solution within a short time. On the other hand, it has a surprising dynamic depletion mechanism that prevents the solution from blowing up in finite time. By exploiting this special nonlinear structure, we prove the global regularity of the three‐dimensional Navier‐Stokes equations for a family of initial data, whose solutions can lead to large dynamic growth, but yet have global smooth solutions. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Vanishing pressure limits of Riemann solutions to the isentropic relativistic Euler system for Chaplygin gas

The Riemann solutions to the isentropic relativistic Euler system for Chaplygin gas with a small parameter are considered. Unlike the polytropic or barotropic gas cases, we find that firstly, as the parameter decreases to a certain critical number, the two-shock solution converges to a delta shock wave solution of the same system. Moreover, as the parameter goes to zero, that is, the pressure vanishes, the solution is nothing but the delta shock wave solution to the zero-pressure relativistic Euler system. Meanwhile, the two-rarefaction wave solution tends to the vacuum solution to the zero-pressure relativistic system, and the solution containing one rarefaction wave and one shock wave tends to the contact discontinuity solution to the zero-pressure relativistic system as pressure vanishes.     

Global classical solutions to the initial value problem for the relativistic Landau equation

Global in time classical solutions near the relativistic Maxwellian are constructed for the relativistic Landau equation in the whole space. The construction of global solutions is based on refined energy analysis.     

Some aspects of relativistic motion that depends on one spatial variable

Specific relativistic effects associated with the instability of potential motions that depend on one spatial variable, including the instability of isentropic flows with respect to solenoidal perturbations, are considered. A general theorem is proved. Estimates and solutions are obtained in limiting cases of the separate action of the various effects of relativity and in the absence of other nonlinear hydrodynamic effects. It is shown that many already known solutions of the equations of relativistic hydrodynamics are unstable with respect to the development of transverse solenoidal components of the velocity.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Matematicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 103, No. 1, pp. 82–96, April, 1995.     

Analytical and numerical solutions to some one-dimensional relativistic heat equations

Analytical and numerical solutions to a family of one-dimensional (nonlinear) relativistic heat equations in finite domains are presented. The analytical solutions correspond to steady state conditions in the absence of source terms and have been obtained as functions of the (absolute) temperature at one of the boundaries, a characteristic exponent, a Péclet number based on the speed of light and the heat flux, while the numerical ones correspond to an initial Gaussian temperature distribution, adiabatic boundary conditions and different values of the Péclet number and a characteristic exponent. It is shown that, for steady conditions, the difference between the (nondimensional) temperature of the relativistic heat equation and that corresponding to Fourier law is very large for large values of both the coefficient and the exponent of the nonlinearity that characterize the relativistic contribution to the heat flux, small values of the temperature at one of the boundaries and large heat fluxes. Travelling-wave solutions of the wave-front type are reported for odd values of the nonlinearity exponent in infinite domains and in the absence of source terms. For an initial Gaussian distribution, it is shown that the relativistic contribution to heat transfer results in the formation of two triangular corner regions where the temperature is equal to the initial one, and the formation of two temperature fronts that propagate towards the domain’s boundaries. The amplitude and steepness of these fronts increase whereas their width and speed decrease as the Péclet number is decreased. It is also shown that the effects of the characteristic exponent are small provided that its value is greater than about two, and that, in the absence of source terms, the temperature becomes uniform in space and constant in time for adiabatic boundary conditions. In the presence of source terms and for adiabatic boundary conditions, it is shown that, soon after the temperature fronts hit the boundaries, the temperature becomes uniform in space but may either increase or decrease with time until it reaches a stable fixed point of the source term. For a cubic source term that exhibits bistability, it is shown that the temperature tends to the attractor of lowest temperature.