La,Ce,Nd和Pr对RE（NiCoMnTi）5贮氢合金电化学性能的作用机理

系统地研究了稀土（ＲＥ＝Ｌａ１－ｘ－ｙ－ｚＣｅｘＮｄｙＰｒｚ）对贮氢合金ＲＥ（ＮｉＣｏＭｎＴｉ）５电化学性能的影响。结果表明，Ｌａ、Ｃｅ、Ｎｄ和Ｐｒ比例对合金性能有显著影响，ＲＥ＝Ｌａ０．４Ｃｅ０．１Ｎｄ０．２Ｐｒ０．３时，对应合金具有最高放电容量，为２９０ｍＡｈ／ｇ，并有较好的循环寿命。从原子结构和性质角度分析了Ｌａ，Ｃｅ，Ｎｄ和Ｐｒ作用的机理。     

水滑石类复合氧化物在CO+NO反应中的应用

制备了ＣｏＣｕＡｌ、ＣｏＣｕＭｇ、ＣＯＣｒＡｌ、ＣｏＮｉＡｌ等４种水滑石类复合氧化物,ＸＲＤ谱图表明,在焙烧前,它们具有水滑石结构。同时考察了产ＣＯ＋ＮＯ反应性能,研究了催化分对ＣＯ＋ＮＯ反应性能的影响和空速对催化剂ＣｏＣｕＡｌ反应活性的影响,实验结果表明,具有组成（摩尔比）为ＣｏＣｕＡｌ（７：１：１）、ＣｏＣｕＭｇ（３：１：２）、ＣｏＣｒＡｌ（７：１：１）、ＣｏＮｉＡｌ（５：１：１）的催化剂,在     

镧改性铁催化剂的研究Ⅲ.镧改性铁催化剂的表面吸附性能

用ＸＰＳ，ＩＲ和Ｃａｈｎ微量天平技术研究了Ｆｅ２Ｏ３／γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３，Ｆｅ２Ｏ３－Ｌａ２Ｏ３／γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３和Ｆｅ２Ｏ３／Ｌａ２Ｏ３／γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂的表面吸附性能。结果表明，部分镧履盖了催化剂表面，这部分镧优先堵盖ＣＯ的桥式吸附位，同时由于部分镧的覆盖，减少了ＣＯ和Ｈ２的化学吸附量，但大大促进了（ＣＯ＋Ｈ２）的共吸附，提高了催化剂的再吸附能力。     

铈在Fe-28Al合金中的作用

以稀土元素Ｃｅ为微合金化元素，研究了Ｃｅ对Ｆｅ３Ａｌ二元合金（Ｆｅ２８Ａｌ）室温力学性能的影响，采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜、Ｘ射线光电子能谱仪、等离子耦合光谱、Ｘ射线衍射仪以及俄歇能谱仪等现代微观分析手段，探讨了Ｃｅ微合金化对Ｆｅ３Ａｌ合金组织结构和力学性能影响的作用机制。研究结果表明，Ｃｅ的加入改善了合金的室温塑性和强度，并在合金中起到了脱硫、脱氧、改变夹杂物形态、细化晶粒以及表面改性等作用。此外还对富Ｃｅ相颗粒在合金中的形态分布作了分析。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱测定镁—钕合金中稀土和非稀土元素

本文研究了ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ测定Ｍｇ－Ｎｄ合金样品中１０种元素的分析方法。选择了同时测定合金中Ｌａ、Ｃｅ、Ｐｒ、Ｓｍ、Ｆｅ、Ａｌ、Ｍｏ、Ｎｉ、Ｃｕ和高含量Ｎｄ（２０％）的条件。得到了满意结果。     

尿素－NaBr－KBr熔体中钴及稀土－钴的电沉积

稀土－钴合金具有许多优异性能,可用于制作磁性、磁光…等功能材料。日本学者研究了在有机电解液中电沉积Ｃｏ－Ｇｄ薄膜,未见前人研究低温熔盐体系中电沉积稀土合金的报道。尿素－（７９ｍｏｌ％）－ＮａＢｒ（１９．５ｍｏｌ％）－ＫＢｒ（１．５ｍｏｌ％）的熔点为５１℃,可在１００℃左右下作为电解介质。在尿素熔体中加入ＢａＯＡｃ,能增加Ｃｏ￣（２＋）还原为Ｃｏ的阴极极化。因此选择１００℃的尿素－ＮａＢｒ－ＫＢｒ－ＮａＯＡｃ作为本底熔体,研究Ｃｏ￣（２＋）的电还原,镧、铽、镝、铥各自与钴的电解共沉积。在所研究的熔体中,Ｃｏ￣（２＋）一步不可逆还原为Ｃｏ。测定Ｃｏ￣（２＋）＋２ｅ＝Ｃｏ反应的传递系数α为０．４５,Ｃｏ￣（２＋）在熔体中的扩散系数为２．５×１０￣（－６）ｃｍ￣２·ｓ￣（－１）。稀土离子还原为稀土金属的电位很负,以致在本底熔体分解前未出现阴极波。但在含ＣＯＣｌ＿２熔体中加入ＲＥＣ＿３（ＬａＣｌ＿３、ＴｂＣｌ＿３、ＤｙＣｌ＿３、ＴｍＣｌ＿３）,使钴的析出电位向正方移动,而且阴极电流增大,因而有可能发生ＲＥ（Ｌａ、Ｔｂ、Ｄｙ、Ｔｍ）与Ｃｏ的诱导共沉积。在尿素－ＮａＢｒ－ＫＢｒ－ＮａＯＡｃ－ＣｏＣｌ＿２－ＲＥＣｌ＿３熔体     

Cu—Nd（Ce,La）—Al合金及Raney Cu—Nd（Ce,La）催化剂的XRD研究

采用ＸＲＤ表征手段对不同稀土元素不同组成的Ｃｕ－Ａｌ－Ｍ（Ｍ＝Ｎｄ，Ｃｅ和Ｌａ）合金及其碱抽提产物ＲａｎｅｙＣｕ－Ｍ催化剂的体相结构进行了表征，发现所有Ｃｕ－Ａｌ－Ｍ合金均形成有二元ＣｕＡｌ２和三元ＣｕＭＡｌ８的两种晶相，随着稀土元素含量的增中，三元Ｃｕ，ＭＡｌ８晶相逐渐增多。而且其中的Ａｌ难于ＣｕＡｌ２中的Ａｌ的抽提，ＲａｎｅｙＣｕ－Ｍ催化剂中只存在金属铜的晶相，未形成Ｃｕ－Ｍ晶相，而一随着Ａｌ     

ICP-AES 法测定 RZnAl5RE 合金中的镧、铈、铁、铝、铅、镉

采用ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ测定了ＲＺｎＡｌ５ＲＥ合金中的Ｌａ、Ｃｅ、Ｆ３、Ａｌ、Ｐｂ、ＣＤ元素含量。考察了基体及无机酸浓度对６种元素线强度的影响。选择了仪器工作条件,检出限在０．０３～１．００μｇ／Ｌ之间,加标回收率为９３％～１０８％,相对标准偏差小于１２．６８％（ｎ＝１０）。     

镧改性铁催化剂的研究Ⅱ.镧改性铁催化剂的碳化性能

用穆斯堡尔谱和Ｃａｈｎ微量天平技术研究了Ｆｅ２Ｏ３／γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３，Ｆｅ２Ｏ３－Ｌａ２Ｏ３／γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３和Ｆｅ２Ｏ３／Ｌａ２Ｏ３／γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂的碳化性能。结果表明：铁碳化物的生成与催化剂活性组分同载体的相互作用有关。Ｌａ２Ｏ３改性后的Ｆｅ２Ｏ３／Ｌａ２Ｏ３／γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂，由于活性组分与载体之间存在强相互作用，在Ｆ－Ｔ反应过程中没有检测到铁碳化物相。同时，Ｌａ２Ｏ３的添加提高了催化     

稀土氧化物对Ni／α—Al2O3催化甲烷部分氧化制合成气反应的影响

研究了稀土金属氧化物（Ｌａ２Ｏ３，ＣｅＯ２，Ｐｒ６Ｏ１１和Ｎｄ２Ｏ３）对Ｎｉ／α－Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂上甲烷部分氧化制合成气反应的影响．Ｘ光粉末衍射和活性考察结果表明，稀土氧化物使Ｎｉ／α－Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂的稳定性有显著提高．稀土氧化物与活性组份Ｎｉ之间的相互作用抑制了催化剂表面Ｎｉ晶粒的生长和迁移，由于这种作用也抑制了催化剂表面积炭的生成．在实验中还发现ＣｅＯ２容易进行Ｃｅ３＋Ｃｅ４＋氧化还原反应而对反应具有催化活性．     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.